Experimental Evaluation of the Wound-healing and Antioxidant Activities of Tamarind (Tamarindus indica) Pulp and Leaf Meal in the African Catfish (Clarias gariepinus)

Year 2018, Volume: 44 Issue: 2, 63 - 72, 03.05.2018

Olarinke Victoria Adenıyı , Flora Eyibio Olaıfa Benjamin Obukowho Emıkpe Ademola Adetokunbo Oyagbemi

Abstract

DOI: 10.26650/actavet.2018.011

The fruits and leaves of Tamarindus indica
have been widely used in traditional medicine for treating wounds and other
diseases in Africa. The aim of this study was to investigate the wound-healing
property of T. indica pulp (TP) and leaf (TL) meal and the importance of
antioxidant enzymes in the wound-healing process in the African catfish,
Clarias gariepinus. Surgical incisions of 10 mm2 were made aseptically on the
lateral part of the catfish, above the pelvic fin and toward the caudal region.
The fish were fed experimental diets composed of basal diet fortified with each
of TP or TL at concentrations of 0.5%, 1.0%, 1.5%, 2.0%, and 0.0% (untreated)
and 0.2% oxytetracycline (treated) as controls in triplicate groups. Changes
occurring in the wound area (mm2) were measured at 3-day-intervals for 15 days.
The healing rates and the relative percentage of healing were calculated. Sera
collected from the experimental fish were analyzed for oxidative stress
biomarkers and antioxidant enzymes. The results showed that fish fed diets
treated with TP or TL had significantly faster (p<0.05) daily healing rates
at the lateral and caudal regions from the 6th to the 12th day compared with
those in the control groups. Percentage wound-healing (PWH) at the lateral and
caudal regions was significantly enhanced (p<0.05) from the 6th day in the
tamarind-treated groups. The PWH reached the peak (100%) at the lateral region
on the 12th day in fish fed 0.5–2.0% of TL and 1.5%–2.0% of TP diets. Dietary
treatment with TP and TL resulted in a lower production of serum
malondialdehyde and hydrogen peroxide levels, whereas the reduced glutathione,
superoxide dismutase, and glutathione peroxidase levels increased. Fortifying
diets of C. gariepinus with 1.0%–2.0% of TP and TL meal enhanced wound-healing
significantly compared to that of natural healing and with
oxytetracycline-fortified diet. The faster wound-healing rate might be a
consequence of elevated levels of serum antioxidants in the fish fed
tamarind-fortified diets.

Keywords

Tamarindus indica, African catfish, experimental study, wound-healing, antioxidant activity, serum antioxidants

Afrikalı Yayın Balığı (Clarias gariepinus) içinde Demirhindi (Tamarindus indica) Selüloz ve Yaprak Öğünlerinin Yara İyileşmesi ve Antioksidan Aktivitelerinin Deneysel Olarak Değerlendirilmesi

Abstract

DOI: 10.26650/actavet.2018.011

Tamarindus indica’nın meyveleri ve
yaprakları, Afrika’daki yaraların ve diğer hastalıkların tedavisi için
geleneksel tıpta yaygın olarak kullanılmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, T. indica posası
(TP) ve yaprak (TL) öğünün yara iyileşme özelliği ve Clarias gariepinus’ta yara
iyileşme sürecindeki antioksidan enzimlerin önemi araştırılmıştır. Lateral kısımda,
pelvik yüzgecin üzerinde ve kaudal bölgeye doğru aseptik olarak 10 mm2’lik
cerrahi insizyonlar yapılmıştır. Balıklar, her biri TP veya TL ile takviye
edilmiş bazal diyetle %0,5, %1,0, %1,5, %2,0 ve %0,0 (müdahale edilmeyen) ve
%0,2 oksitetrasiklin (müdahale edilen) kontrol grubu olarak üç grup halinde
beslenmiştir. Yara bölgesindeki değişiklikler (mm2) on beş gün boyunca üç gün
aralıklarla ölçülmüştür. İyileşme oranları ve nispi yüzde iyileşmeleri
hesaplanmıştır. Deneysel balıklardan alınan serumlar oksidatif stres
biyobelirteçleri ve antioksidan enzimler için analiz edilmiştir. Sonuçlar, TP
ve TL ile beslenen balıkların, kontrol gruplarına kıyasla, 6. ve 12. günlerde,
lateral ve kaudal bölgelerdeki günlük iyileşme oranını anlamlı derecede daha hızlı
(p=0,05) olduğunu göstermiştir. Lateral ve kaudal bölgelerdeki Yara-İyileşme
Yüzdesi (PWH), demirhindi ile tedavi edilen gruplarda 6. günden itibaren önemli
ölçüde artmıştır (p=0,05). Tüm TL ve %1,5-2,0 TP diyetleri için PWH 12. günde
lateral bölgede doruğa (%100) ulaşmıştır. TP ve TL ile yapılan diyet tedavisi,
düşük serum glutatyon, süperoksit dismutaz ve glutatyon peroksidazını arttırırken,
serum malondialdehit ve hidrojen peroksidin daha az üretilmesine neden olmuştur.
%1,0-2,0 oranında demirhindi küspesi ve yaprak unu ile C. gariepinus takviye
edici diyetler, doğal iyileşme ve oksietrasiklin takviyeli diyete nispeten
önemli ölçüde yara iyileşmesini arttırmıştır. Daha hızlı yara iyileşmesi, balıklarda
demirhindi ile takviye edilmiş diyetlerle beslenen serum antioksidanlarının
yüksek olmasının bir sonucu olabilir.

Keywords

Tamarindus indica, Afrika yayın balığı, deneysel çalışma, yara iyileşmesi, antioksidan aktivite, serum antioksidanları

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