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DENİZDE ÇATIŞMANIN ÖNLENMESİNE DAİR ULUSLARARASI KURALLAR BAĞLAMINDA İNSANSIZ VE OTONOM GEMİLERDE İYİ GEMİCİLİK İLKESİ VE GÖZCÜLÜK GÖREVİ

Year 2021, Issue: 66, 193 - 225, 18.05.2021

Fevzi Gözüyeşil

Abstract

İnsansız (ve otonom) gemiler, gün geçtikçe çok önemli bir hâle gelmekte ve aynı zamanda bunların küresel deniz ticaretinin ve gemiciliğinin geleceğini de şekillendireceği tahmin edilmektedir. Bu köklü değişim, 1972 Denizde Çatışmanın Önlenmesine İlişkin Uluslararası Kurallar’a (COLREGs) uyum konusunda bazı ciddi sorunları gündeme getirmektedir. Bu çalışmada insansız gemilerin hukukî statüsü, COLREGs hükümleri dairesinde öngörülen iyi gemicilik ilkesi bağlamında incelenmiştir. Literatürde, insansız gemilerin mevzuata uyumunu kolaylaştırmak için COLREGs hükümlerinden kaynaklanan sıkıntıların incelenmesi gerektiği ifade edilmiştir. Bu çerçevede, çalışmada iki ana mesele ele alınmaktadır. Birincisi, insansız gemiler bağlamında iyi gemicilik ilkesini uygulayabilmek için hangi yaklaşımın izlenmesi gerektiğidir. İnsansız gemiler ile iyi gemicilik ilkesi arasındaki bağlantılar konusunda bazı farklı görüşler ileri sürülmüştür; bu bakımdan bu görüşler değerlendirilmiştir. İnsansız gemiler noktasındaki ikinci önemli mesele ise, gözcülük yükümlülüklerinin (Kural 5) lafzı, ruhu ve yorumunun, sesli teknik sistemler, radarlar, kameralar, sensörler ve çok sayıda başka teknolojik enstrümanın insan duyularının yerini alacak bir kombinasyonu benimsemek için genişletilip genişletilemeyeceğidir.

Keywords

Otonom Gemiler İnsansız Gemiler COLREGs İyi Gemicilik Gözcülük

References

  • Akyıldız, Hakan/Menteş, Ayhan, “Dinamik Konumlandırma Sistemi”, GİDB Dergi, S. 13, 2018, https://gidbdergi.itu.edu.tr/sayilar/13/1301.pdf (Erişim Tarihi: 12.02.2021).
  • Allen, Craig H., "Determining the Legal Status of Unmanned Maritime Vehicles: Formalism vs Functionalism", Journal of Maritime Law and Commerce, Vol. 49, No. 4, 2018, pp. 477-514.
  • “Analysis of Regulatory Barriers to the Use of Autonomous Ships - Final Report”, Danish Maritime Authority, December 2017.
  • “Autonomous and Remotely Operated Ships”, Class Guideline, September 2018, http://rules.dnvgl.com/docs/pdf/dnvgl/cg/2018-09/dnvgl-cg-0264.pdf (Erişim Tarihi: 25.12.2020).
  • Bartlett, Matt, “Game of Drones: Unmanned Maritime Vehicles and the Law of the Sea”, Auckland University Law Review, Vol. 24, 2018, pp. 66-91.
  • “Being A Responsible Industry”, Maritime Autonomous Surface Ships (MASS) UK Industry Conduct Principles and Code of Practice, A Voluntary Code Version 3, November 2019 (Being A Responsible).
  • Carey, Luci, All Hands Off Deck? The Legal Barriers To Autonomous Ships, NUS Working Paper 2017/011.
  • Chwedczuk, Michal, "Analysis of the Legal Status of Unmanned Commercial Vessels in U.S. Admiralty and Maritime Law", Journal of Maritime Law and Commerce, Vol. 47, no. 2, April 2016, pp. 123-170.
  • Coito, Joel, “Maritime Autonomous Surface Ships: New Possibilities - And Challenges - In Ocean Law and Policy”, International Law Studies Series. US Naval War College, Vol. 97, 2021, pp. 259-306.
  • Deketelaere, Pol, The Legal Challenges of Unmanned Vessels, Master Dissertation, Universiteit Gent, 2017.
  • Ece, Nur Jale, “Uluslararası Ticaretin Geleceği İnsansız Gemiler: GZFT Analizi ve Hukuki Boyutları”, Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Denizcilik Fakültesi Dergisi, C. 10 S. 2, 2018, ss. 279-302.
  • Felski, Andrzej/Zwolak Karolina, “The Ocean-Going Autonomous Ship - Challenges and Threats”, Journal of Marine Science and Engineering, Vol. 8, no. 1, 2020. https://www.mdpi.com/2077-1312/8/1/41
  • Guerra, Stephanie, "Ready about, Here Comes AI: Potential Maritime Law Challenges for Autonomous Shipping", University of San Francisco Maritime Law Journal, Vol. 30, no. 2, 2017, pp. 69-90.
  • Herber, Rolf, Seehandelsrecht Systematische Darstellung, 2. neu bearbeitete Auflage, 2016.
  • Hooydonk, Eric Van, “The Law of Unmanned Merchant Shipping – An Exploration”, The Journal Of Internatıonal Maritime Law, no. 20, 2014, pp.403-423.
  • “IMO takes first steps to address autonomous ships”, 25 May 2018. https://www.imo.org/en/MediaCentre/PressBriefings/Pages/08-MSC-99-MASS-scoping.aspx (Erişim Tarihi: 12.10.2020).
  • Jalonen, Risto/Tuominen, Risto/Wahlström, Mikael, Safety of Unmanned Ships, Aalto University publication series SCIENCE + TECHNOLOGY, 5/2017.
  • “Japan to launch self-navigating cargo ships by 2025”, 9 June 2017 https://www.bbc.com/news/technology-40219682 (Erişim Tarihi: 02.01.2021).
  • Johansen, Tor Arne/Perez, Tristan/Cristofaro, Andrea, “Ship Collision Avoidance and COLREGs Compliance Using Simulation-Based Control Behavior Selection With Predictive Hazard Assessment”, IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems, Vol. 17, Issue 12, 2016, pp. 3407–3422.
  • Jordan, Samantha, "Captain, My Captain: A Look at Autonomous Ships and How They Should Operate under Admiralty Law", Indiana International & Comparative Law Review, Vol. 30, no. 2, 2020, pp. 283-318.
  • Kara, Hacı, “Gemilerde Yapay Zekâ Kullanımı ve Buna Dair Hukuki Sorunlar”, Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Dergisi, C. 10, S. 1, 2020, ss. 17-51.
  • “Kongsberg Completes Rolls-Royce Commercial Marine Acquisition”, 01 April 2019. https://www.kongsberg.com/maritime/about-us/news-and-media/news-archive/2019/kongsberg-completes-rolls-royce-commercial-marine-acquisition/ (Erişim Tarihi: 18.12.2020).
  • Kraska, James, “The Law of Unmanned Naval Systems in War and Peace”, Journal of Ocean Technology, Vol. 5, no. 3, pp. 43-68.
  • Kobyliński, Lech, “Smart Ships – Autonomous or Remote Controlled?”, Scientific Journals Zeszyty Naukowe of the Maritime University of Szczecin, Vol. 53 no. 125, 2018, pp. 28–34.
  • Komianos, Aristotelis, “The Autonomous Shipping Era. Operational, Regulatory, and Quality Challenges”, International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation, Vol. 12, no. 2, 2018, pp. 335-348.
  • Li, Rui, "On the Legal Status of Unmanned Ships", China Oceans Law Review, Vol. 2019, no. 4, 2019, pp. 165-190.
  • “LR defines 'autonomy levels' for ship design and operation”, 08 Jul 2016, https://www.lr.org/en/latest-news/lr-defines-autonomy-levels-for-ship-design-and-operation/ (Erişim Tarihi: 25.12.2020).
  • Mallam, Steven C./Nazir, Salman/Sharma, Amit, “The Human Element in Future Maritime Operations – Perceived Impact of Autonomous Shipping”, Ergonomics, Vol. 63, no. 3, 2020, pp. 334–345.
  • “MUNIN, Research in Maritime Autonomous Systems: Project Results and Technology Potentials”, MUNIN, 2016.
  • Osinuga, Damilola, “Unmanned Ships: Coping in the Murky Waters of Traditional Maritime Law”, PPP god. 59, 174, 2020, pp. 75-105.
  • Pietrzykowski, Z./Hajduk, J., “Operations of Maritime Autonomous Surface Ships”, the International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation, Vol. 13 no. 4, December 2019, pp. 725-733.
  • Pribyl, Sean T./Alan M. Weigel, “Autonomous Vessels: How an Emerging Disruptive Technology Is Poised to Impact the Maritime Industry Much Sooner than Anticipated." RAIL: The Journal of Robotics, Artificial Intelligence & Law, Vol. 1, No. 1, January-February 2018, pp. 17-26.
  • Pritchett, Paul W., "Ghost Ships: Why the Law Should Embrace Unmanned Vessel Technology", Tulane Maritime Law Journal, Vol. 40, no. 1, Winter 2015, pp. 197-226. Ramming, Klaus, Seehandelsrecht - Großkommentar, Berlin/Boston 2017.
  • Ringbom, Henrik, “Regulating Autonomous Ships - Concepts, Challenges and Precedents”, Ocean Development & International Law, Vol. 50, no. 2-3, 2019, pp. 141-169. Rothblum, Anita M., “Human Error and Marine Safety”, by.
  • http://www.bowles-langley.com/wp-content/files_mf/humanerrorandmarinesafety.pdf (Erişim Tarihi: 15.12.2020).
  • Rødseth, Ørnulf Jan/Nordahl, Håvard, Definition for Autonomous Merchant Ships, Norwegian Forum for Autonomous Ships, 2017.
  • “Rolls-Royce and Finferries demonstrate world’s first Fully Autonomous Ferry”, 03.12.2018. https://www.rolls-royce.com/media/press-releases/2018/03-12-2018-rr-and-finferries-demonstrate-worlds-first-fully-autonomous-ferry.aspx (Erişim Tarihi: 02.01.2021).
  • Safari, Fariborz/Sage Benedicte, Legal and Liability Analysis for Remote Controlled Vessels, MUNIN 7.2, 2013,
  • http://www.unmanned-ship.org/munin/wp-content/uploads/2013/11/MUNIN-D7-2-Legal-and-Liability-Analysis-for-Remote-Controlled-Vessels-UCC-final.pdf (Erişim Tarihi: 20.12.2020).
  • Schönknecht, Rolf, Ships and Shipping of Tomorrow. Centreville, USA, Cornell Maritime Pr/Tidewater Pub., 1983.
  • Statheros, Thomas/ Howells, Gareth/ Maier, Klaus McDonald, “Autonomous Ship Collision Avoidance Navigation Concepts, Technologies and Techniques”, The Journal of Navigation, Vol. 61, Issue 1, 2008, pp. 129-142.
  • Suppiah, Rakish, Departure from COLREGS Infringement or Good Seamanship, The World Maritime University Dissertations, 2017.
  • Swain, Christopher C., “Towards Greater Certainty For Unmanned Navigation, A Recommended United States Military Perspective on Applicatıon of the ‘Rules of the Road’ To Unmanned Maritime Systems”, Georgetown Law Technology Review, Vol. 3-1, 2018, pp. 119-161.
  • “The ReVolt – A New Inspirational Ship Concept”, https://www.dnvgl.com/technologyinnovation/revolt/ (Erişim Tarihi: 05.01.2021).
  • Timbrell, Will, "Can the Prospect of Unmanned Ships Stay Afloat under the Current Collision Regulations", Southampton Student Law Review, Vol. 9, no. 1, 2019, pp. 49-63.
  • Vallejo, Daniel A. G., “Electric Currents: Programming Legal Status into Autonomous Unmanned Maritime Vehicles”, Case Western Reserve Journal of International Law, Vol. 47, no. 1, Spring 2015, pp. 405-428.
  • Veal, Robert/Ringbom, Henrik, “Unmanned Ships and the International Regulatory Framework”, Journal of International Maritime Law, Vol. 23 no. 2, 2017, pp. 100-118.
  • Veal, Robert/Tsimplis, Michael/Serdy, Andrew, “The Legal Status and Operation of Unmanned Maritime Vehicles”, Ocean Development & International Law, Vol. 50, no. 1, 2019, pp. 23-48.
  • “Wärtsilä Achieves Notable Advances in Automated Shipping with Latest Successful Tests”, Wärtsilä Corporation, Press release, 28 November 2018. https://www.wartsila.com/media/news/28-11-2018-wartsila-achieves-notable-advances-in-automated-shipping-with-latest-successful-tests-2332144 (Erişim Tarihi: 02.01.2021).
  • Wróbela, Krzysztof/Montewka, Jakub/Kujalac, Pentti, “Towards the Assessment of Potential Impact of Unmanned Vessels on Maritime Transportation Safety”, Reliability Engineering and System Safety (Ed. Paolo Gardoni), Vol. 165, 2017, pp. 155–169.
  • “YARA selects Norwegian shipbuilder VARD for zero-emission vessel Yara Birkeland”, August 15, 2018. https://www.yara.com/corporate-releases/yara-selects-norwegian-shipbuilder-vard-for-zero-emission-vessel-yara-birkeland/ (Erişim Tarihi: 15.12.2020).
  • Yılmaz, Fatih/Önaçan, Mehmet Bilge Kağan, “Otonom Gemi Teknolojisine Dair Gelişmeler ile Türk Denizcilik ve Gemi İnşa Sektörüne Etkileri Üzerine Nitel Bir Araştırma”, Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Denizcilik Fakültesi Dergisi, C. 11 Sa. 1, 2019, ss. 57-86.
  • Zhou, Xiang-Yu/Huang, Jin-Jing/Wang, Feng-Wu/Wu, Zhao-Lin/Liu, Zheng-Jiang, “A Study of the Application Barriers to the Use of Autonomous Ships Posed by the Good Seamanship Requirement of COLREGs”, The Journal Of Navigation, Vol. 73, no. 3, 2020, pp. 710-725.

Year 2021, Issue: 66, 193 - 225, 18.05.2021

Fevzi Gözüyeşil

Abstract

References

  • Akyıldız, Hakan/Menteş, Ayhan, “Dinamik Konumlandırma Sistemi”, GİDB Dergi, S. 13, 2018, https://gidbdergi.itu.edu.tr/sayilar/13/1301.pdf (Erişim Tarihi: 12.02.2021).
  • Allen, Craig H., "Determining the Legal Status of Unmanned Maritime Vehicles: Formalism vs Functionalism", Journal of Maritime Law and Commerce, Vol. 49, No. 4, 2018, pp. 477-514.
  • “Analysis of Regulatory Barriers to the Use of Autonomous Ships - Final Report”, Danish Maritime Authority, December 2017.
  • “Autonomous and Remotely Operated Ships”, Class Guideline, September 2018, http://rules.dnvgl.com/docs/pdf/dnvgl/cg/2018-09/dnvgl-cg-0264.pdf (Erişim Tarihi: 25.12.2020).
  • Bartlett, Matt, “Game of Drones: Unmanned Maritime Vehicles and the Law of the Sea”, Auckland University Law Review, Vol. 24, 2018, pp. 66-91.
  • “Being A Responsible Industry”, Maritime Autonomous Surface Ships (MASS) UK Industry Conduct Principles and Code of Practice, A Voluntary Code Version 3, November 2019 (Being A Responsible).
  • Carey, Luci, All Hands Off Deck? The Legal Barriers To Autonomous Ships, NUS Working Paper 2017/011.
  • Chwedczuk, Michal, "Analysis of the Legal Status of Unmanned Commercial Vessels in U.S. Admiralty and Maritime Law", Journal of Maritime Law and Commerce, Vol. 47, no. 2, April 2016, pp. 123-170.
  • Coito, Joel, “Maritime Autonomous Surface Ships: New Possibilities - And Challenges - In Ocean Law and Policy”, International Law Studies Series. US Naval War College, Vol. 97, 2021, pp. 259-306.
  • Deketelaere, Pol, The Legal Challenges of Unmanned Vessels, Master Dissertation, Universiteit Gent, 2017.
  • Ece, Nur Jale, “Uluslararası Ticaretin Geleceği İnsansız Gemiler: GZFT Analizi ve Hukuki Boyutları”, Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Denizcilik Fakültesi Dergisi, C. 10 S. 2, 2018, ss. 279-302.
  • Felski, Andrzej/Zwolak Karolina, “The Ocean-Going Autonomous Ship - Challenges and Threats”, Journal of Marine Science and Engineering, Vol. 8, no. 1, 2020. https://www.mdpi.com/2077-1312/8/1/41
  • Guerra, Stephanie, "Ready about, Here Comes AI: Potential Maritime Law Challenges for Autonomous Shipping", University of San Francisco Maritime Law Journal, Vol. 30, no. 2, 2017, pp. 69-90.
  • Herber, Rolf, Seehandelsrecht Systematische Darstellung, 2. neu bearbeitete Auflage, 2016.
  • Hooydonk, Eric Van, “The Law of Unmanned Merchant Shipping – An Exploration”, The Journal Of Internatıonal Maritime Law, no. 20, 2014, pp.403-423.
  • “IMO takes first steps to address autonomous ships”, 25 May 2018. https://www.imo.org/en/MediaCentre/PressBriefings/Pages/08-MSC-99-MASS-scoping.aspx (Erişim Tarihi: 12.10.2020).
  • Jalonen, Risto/Tuominen, Risto/Wahlström, Mikael, Safety of Unmanned Ships, Aalto University publication series SCIENCE + TECHNOLOGY, 5/2017.
  • “Japan to launch self-navigating cargo ships by 2025”, 9 June 2017 https://www.bbc.com/news/technology-40219682 (Erişim Tarihi: 02.01.2021).
  • Johansen, Tor Arne/Perez, Tristan/Cristofaro, Andrea, “Ship Collision Avoidance and COLREGs Compliance Using Simulation-Based Control Behavior Selection With Predictive Hazard Assessment”, IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems, Vol. 17, Issue 12, 2016, pp. 3407–3422.
  • Jordan, Samantha, "Captain, My Captain: A Look at Autonomous Ships and How They Should Operate under Admiralty Law", Indiana International & Comparative Law Review, Vol. 30, no. 2, 2020, pp. 283-318.
  • Kara, Hacı, “Gemilerde Yapay Zekâ Kullanımı ve Buna Dair Hukuki Sorunlar”, Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Dergisi, C. 10, S. 1, 2020, ss. 17-51.
  • “Kongsberg Completes Rolls-Royce Commercial Marine Acquisition”, 01 April 2019. https://www.kongsberg.com/maritime/about-us/news-and-media/news-archive/2019/kongsberg-completes-rolls-royce-commercial-marine-acquisition/ (Erişim Tarihi: 18.12.2020).
  • Kraska, James, “The Law of Unmanned Naval Systems in War and Peace”, Journal of Ocean Technology, Vol. 5, no. 3, pp. 43-68.
  • Kobyliński, Lech, “Smart Ships – Autonomous or Remote Controlled?”, Scientific Journals Zeszyty Naukowe of the Maritime University of Szczecin, Vol. 53 no. 125, 2018, pp. 28–34.
  • Komianos, Aristotelis, “The Autonomous Shipping Era. Operational, Regulatory, and Quality Challenges”, International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation, Vol. 12, no. 2, 2018, pp. 335-348.
  • Li, Rui, "On the Legal Status of Unmanned Ships", China Oceans Law Review, Vol. 2019, no. 4, 2019, pp. 165-190.
  • “LR defines 'autonomy levels' for ship design and operation”, 08 Jul 2016, https://www.lr.org/en/latest-news/lr-defines-autonomy-levels-for-ship-design-and-operation/ (Erişim Tarihi: 25.12.2020).
  • Mallam, Steven C./Nazir, Salman/Sharma, Amit, “The Human Element in Future Maritime Operations – Perceived Impact of Autonomous Shipping”, Ergonomics, Vol. 63, no. 3, 2020, pp. 334–345.
  • “MUNIN, Research in Maritime Autonomous Systems: Project Results and Technology Potentials”, MUNIN, 2016.
  • Osinuga, Damilola, “Unmanned Ships: Coping in the Murky Waters of Traditional Maritime Law”, PPP god. 59, 174, 2020, pp. 75-105.
  • Pietrzykowski, Z./Hajduk, J., “Operations of Maritime Autonomous Surface Ships”, the International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation, Vol. 13 no. 4, December 2019, pp. 725-733.
  • Pribyl, Sean T./Alan M. Weigel, “Autonomous Vessels: How an Emerging Disruptive Technology Is Poised to Impact the Maritime Industry Much Sooner than Anticipated." RAIL: The Journal of Robotics, Artificial Intelligence & Law, Vol. 1, No. 1, January-February 2018, pp. 17-26.
  • Pritchett, Paul W., "Ghost Ships: Why the Law Should Embrace Unmanned Vessel Technology", Tulane Maritime Law Journal, Vol. 40, no. 1, Winter 2015, pp. 197-226. Ramming, Klaus, Seehandelsrecht - Großkommentar, Berlin/Boston 2017.
  • Ringbom, Henrik, “Regulating Autonomous Ships - Concepts, Challenges and Precedents”, Ocean Development & International Law, Vol. 50, no. 2-3, 2019, pp. 141-169. Rothblum, Anita M., “Human Error and Marine Safety”, by.
  • http://www.bowles-langley.com/wp-content/files_mf/humanerrorandmarinesafety.pdf (Erişim Tarihi: 15.12.2020).
  • Rødseth, Ørnulf Jan/Nordahl, Håvard, Definition for Autonomous Merchant Ships, Norwegian Forum for Autonomous Ships, 2017.
  • “Rolls-Royce and Finferries demonstrate world’s first Fully Autonomous Ferry”, 03.12.2018. https://www.rolls-royce.com/media/press-releases/2018/03-12-2018-rr-and-finferries-demonstrate-worlds-first-fully-autonomous-ferry.aspx (Erişim Tarihi: 02.01.2021).
  • Safari, Fariborz/Sage Benedicte, Legal and Liability Analysis for Remote Controlled Vessels, MUNIN 7.2, 2013,
  • http://www.unmanned-ship.org/munin/wp-content/uploads/2013/11/MUNIN-D7-2-Legal-and-Liability-Analysis-for-Remote-Controlled-Vessels-UCC-final.pdf (Erişim Tarihi: 20.12.2020).
  • Schönknecht, Rolf, Ships and Shipping of Tomorrow. Centreville, USA, Cornell Maritime Pr/Tidewater Pub., 1983.
  • Statheros, Thomas/ Howells, Gareth/ Maier, Klaus McDonald, “Autonomous Ship Collision Avoidance Navigation Concepts, Technologies and Techniques”, The Journal of Navigation, Vol. 61, Issue 1, 2008, pp. 129-142.
  • Suppiah, Rakish, Departure from COLREGS Infringement or Good Seamanship, The World Maritime University Dissertations, 2017.
  • Swain, Christopher C., “Towards Greater Certainty For Unmanned Navigation, A Recommended United States Military Perspective on Applicatıon of the ‘Rules of the Road’ To Unmanned Maritime Systems”, Georgetown Law Technology Review, Vol. 3-1, 2018, pp. 119-161.
  • “The ReVolt – A New Inspirational Ship Concept”, https://www.dnvgl.com/technologyinnovation/revolt/ (Erişim Tarihi: 05.01.2021).
  • Timbrell, Will, "Can the Prospect of Unmanned Ships Stay Afloat under the Current Collision Regulations", Southampton Student Law Review, Vol. 9, no. 1, 2019, pp. 49-63.
  • Vallejo, Daniel A. G., “Electric Currents: Programming Legal Status into Autonomous Unmanned Maritime Vehicles”, Case Western Reserve Journal of International Law, Vol. 47, no. 1, Spring 2015, pp. 405-428.
  • Veal, Robert/Ringbom, Henrik, “Unmanned Ships and the International Regulatory Framework”, Journal of International Maritime Law, Vol. 23 no. 2, 2017, pp. 100-118.
  • Veal, Robert/Tsimplis, Michael/Serdy, Andrew, “The Legal Status and Operation of Unmanned Maritime Vehicles”, Ocean Development & International Law, Vol. 50, no. 1, 2019, pp. 23-48.
  • “Wärtsilä Achieves Notable Advances in Automated Shipping with Latest Successful Tests”, Wärtsilä Corporation, Press release, 28 November 2018. https://www.wartsila.com/media/news/28-11-2018-wartsila-achieves-notable-advances-in-automated-shipping-with-latest-successful-tests-2332144 (Erişim Tarihi: 02.01.2021).
  • Wróbela, Krzysztof/Montewka, Jakub/Kujalac, Pentti, “Towards the Assessment of Potential Impact of Unmanned Vessels on Maritime Transportation Safety”, Reliability Engineering and System Safety (Ed. Paolo Gardoni), Vol. 165, 2017, pp. 155–169.
  • “YARA selects Norwegian shipbuilder VARD for zero-emission vessel Yara Birkeland”, August 15, 2018. https://www.yara.com/corporate-releases/yara-selects-norwegian-shipbuilder-vard-for-zero-emission-vessel-yara-birkeland/ (Erişim Tarihi: 15.12.2020).
  • Yılmaz, Fatih/Önaçan, Mehmet Bilge Kağan, “Otonom Gemi Teknolojisine Dair Gelişmeler ile Türk Denizcilik ve Gemi İnşa Sektörüne Etkileri Üzerine Nitel Bir Araştırma”, Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Denizcilik Fakültesi Dergisi, C. 11 Sa. 1, 2019, ss. 57-86.
  • Zhou, Xiang-Yu/Huang, Jin-Jing/Wang, Feng-Wu/Wu, Zhao-Lin/Liu, Zheng-Jiang, “A Study of the Application Barriers to the Use of Autonomous Ships Posed by the Good Seamanship Requirement of COLREGs”, The Journal Of Navigation, Vol. 73, no. 3, 2020, pp. 710-725.
There are 53 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Law in Context
Journal Section DOSYA: YAPAY ZEKA ve HUKUK
Authors

Fevzi Gözüyeşil This is me 0000-0002-3266-1642

Publication Date May 18, 2021
Published in Issue Year 2021 Issue: 66

Cite

APA Gözüyeşil, F. (2021). DENİZDE ÇATIŞMANIN ÖNLENMESİNE DAİR ULUSLARARASI KURALLAR BAĞLAMINDA İNSANSIZ VE OTONOM GEMİLERDE İYİ GEMİCİLİK İLKESİ VE GÖZCÜLÜK GÖREVİ. Adalet Dergisi(66), 193-225.
AMA Gözüyeşil F. DENİZDE ÇATIŞMANIN ÖNLENMESİNE DAİR ULUSLARARASI KURALLAR BAĞLAMINDA İNSANSIZ VE OTONOM GEMİLERDE İYİ GEMİCİLİK İLKESİ VE GÖZCÜLÜK GÖREVİ. AD. May 2021;(66):193-225.
Chicago Gözüyeşil, Fevzi. “DENİZDE ÇATIŞMANIN ÖNLENMESİNE DAİR ULUSLARARASI KURALLAR BAĞLAMINDA İNSANSIZ VE OTONOM GEMİLERDE İYİ GEMİCİLİK İLKESİ VE GÖZCÜLÜK GÖREVİ”. Adalet Dergisi, no. 66 (May 2021): 193-225.
EndNote Gözüyeşil F (May 1, 2021) DENİZDE ÇATIŞMANIN ÖNLENMESİNE DAİR ULUSLARARASI KURALLAR BAĞLAMINDA İNSANSIZ VE OTONOM GEMİLERDE İYİ GEMİCİLİK İLKESİ VE GÖZCÜLÜK GÖREVİ. Adalet Dergisi 66 193–225.
IEEE F. Gözüyeşil, “DENİZDE ÇATIŞMANIN ÖNLENMESİNE DAİR ULUSLARARASI KURALLAR BAĞLAMINDA İNSANSIZ VE OTONOM GEMİLERDE İYİ GEMİCİLİK İLKESİ VE GÖZCÜLÜK GÖREVİ”, AD, no. 66, pp. 193–225, May 2021.
ISNAD Gözüyeşil, Fevzi. “DENİZDE ÇATIŞMANIN ÖNLENMESİNE DAİR ULUSLARARASI KURALLAR BAĞLAMINDA İNSANSIZ VE OTONOM GEMİLERDE İYİ GEMİCİLİK İLKESİ VE GÖZCÜLÜK GÖREVİ”. Adalet Dergisi 66 (May 2021), 193-225.
JAMA Gözüyeşil F. DENİZDE ÇATIŞMANIN ÖNLENMESİNE DAİR ULUSLARARASI KURALLAR BAĞLAMINDA İNSANSIZ VE OTONOM GEMİLERDE İYİ GEMİCİLİK İLKESİ VE GÖZCÜLÜK GÖREVİ. AD. 2021;:193–225.
MLA Gözüyeşil, Fevzi. “DENİZDE ÇATIŞMANIN ÖNLENMESİNE DAİR ULUSLARARASI KURALLAR BAĞLAMINDA İNSANSIZ VE OTONOM GEMİLERDE İYİ GEMİCİLİK İLKESİ VE GÖZCÜLÜK GÖREVİ”. Adalet Dergisi, no. 66, 2021, pp. 193-25.
Vancouver Gözüyeşil F. DENİZDE ÇATIŞMANIN ÖNLENMESİNE DAİR ULUSLARARASI KURALLAR BAĞLAMINDA İNSANSIZ VE OTONOM GEMİLERDE İYİ GEMİCİLİK İLKESİ VE GÖZCÜLÜK GÖREVİ. AD. 2021(66):193-225.
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