Otonom Araçların Neden Olduğu Kazalardaki Hukuki Sorumluluk Rejimi

Year 2021, Issue: 66, 333 - 377, 18.05.2021

Batu Kınıkoğlu

Abstract

Dünya çapında birçok farklı üretici, otonom araç geliştirme konusundaki çalışmalarına hızla devam etmektedir. Yakın bir zaman içerisinde sürücü müdahalesine ihtiyaç duymayan tam otonom araçların da piyasaya sunulması planlanmaktadır. Otonom araçların yaygınlaşmasının, trafik kazalarını azaltmak başta olmak üzere pek çok olumlu etkisinin olacağı değerlendirilmekte ancak kendisine özgü bazı sorunları da beraberinde getireceği düşünülmektedir. Bugün için Türkiye’de otonom araçların sebep olacağı kazalardan doğan hukuki sorumluluğa ilişkin özel bir düzenleme bulunmamaktadır. Motorlu araçların sebep olduğu kazalardan doğan hukuki sorumluluğu düzenleyen 2918 sayılı Karayolları Trafik Kanunu’nda yer alan düzenlemelerin otonom araçlar için ne derece uygulanabilir olacağı ve nasıl sonuçlar doğuracağı tartışmaya açıktır. Otonom araçlar kapsamında bu kanunun uygulanması, otonom sürüşlerde sürücünün rolü, kusurun ve sorumluluğun paylaştırılması, sürücü ile otonom sistem arasındaki ilişkinin kazaya ve hukuki sorumluluğa etkisi gibi hususların belirlenmesinde yetersiz kalabilecektir. Bu nedenle, otonom araçların geliştirilmesi ve piyasaya sürülmesinin önünde engel oluşturmayacak, ancak zarar gören kişilerin mağduriyetine de sebep olmayacak, otonom araçlara özgü kusursuz sorumluluğu temel alan bir hukuki sorumluluk rejiminin belirlenmesi yararlı olacaktır.

Keywords

Otonom araç, Karayolları Trafik Kanunu, hukuki sorumluluk, kusursuz sorumluluk

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