Belediyelerde Gayrimenkul Yönetimi: Ankara Büyükşehir Belediyesi Örneği

Year 2023, , 425 - 454, 31.12.2023

Sevilay Bostancı , Yesim Aliefendioglu , Harun Tanrıvermiş

https://doi.org/10.31679/adamakademi.1250528

Abstract

Kamu ve özel kuruluşlarda gayrimenkul ve varlık yönetimi kavramları önem kazanmakta, kurumsal gayrimenkul yönetim modelleri geliştirilmektedir. Ancak Türkiye’de başta belediyeler olmak üzere birçok kamu kurumunda gayrimenkul ve varlık yönetimi yapılarının bugüne kadar tam anlamıyla işlevsel olmadığı görülmektedir. Bu çalışmada öncelikle belediyelerde gayrimenkul ve varlık yönetimi konusu genel olarak ele alınmış, ardından Ankara Büyükşehir Belediyesi’nin gayrimenkul varlıklarının ve gayrimenkul yönetiminin mevcut durumu ve sorunları analiz edilmiştir. Ankara Büyükşehir Belediyesi’nin mülkiyetinde ve yönetiminde bulunan gayrimenkullerin envanteri ve gayrimenkul bilgi sisteminin yapısı incelenmiş, bu çerçevede Belediye’nin gayrimenkullerinin edinimi, nitelikleri, hisse durumları, imar ve kullanım durumları ile gelişme imkânları değerlendirilmiştir. Emlak ve İstimlak Daire Başkanlığı ve belediyenin diğer ilgili birimlerinin idari kayıtları ve çalışanlarla yapılan yüz yüze görüşmelerin sonuçlarına dayanılarak gayrimenkul edinim, elde tutma ve elden çıkarma işlemleri ve sorunları incelenmiş, bu alanda yaşanan sorunlara yönelik çözüm önerileri katılımcı bir yaklaşımla sunulmuştur. Dinamik gayrimenkul envanter ve bilgi sistemlerinin olmaması, mülkiyet-edinim yöntemi-imar-kullanım-fiili durum ilişkisinin kurulamaması, insan kaynaklarının yetersizliği ve kurumsal gayrimenkul yönetim modellerinin olmaması gibi sorunlar belediyelerde başarılı bir gayrimenkul yönetimine imkân vermemektedir. Araştırma sonuçlarına göre, gayrimenkul ve varlık yönetim sistemi ile kurumsal gayrimenkul yönetim modeline ihtiyaç duyulduğu tespit edilmiştir.

Keywords

Belediyelerde gayrimenkul edinimi, gayrimenkul yönetimi, gayrimenkul bilgi sistemi, varlık yönetimi ve Ankara Büyükşehir Belediyesi

Real Estate Management in Municipalities: The Case of Ankara Metropolitan Municipality

Abstract

The concepts of real estate and asset management are gaining importance in public and private institutions, and corporate real estate management models are being developed. However, it is observed that the real estate and asset management structures in many public institutions, especially in municipalities, in TTürkiye have not been fully functional so far. In this study, the subject of real estate and asset management in municipalities was first discussed in general and then, the current situation and problems of real estate assets and real estate management of Ankara Metropolitan Municipality were analyzed. The inventory of real estates under the ownership and management of Ankara Metropolitan Municipality and the structure of the real estate information system were examined, and in this framework, the acquisition, qualifications, share status, zoning and usage conditions of the real estates of the Municipality, as well as their possibilities for development, were evaluated. Based on the administrative records of the Real Estate and Expropriation Department and other relevant units of the municipality and the results of face-to-face interviews with the employees, real estate acquisition, holding and disposal transactions and problems were examined and solution proposals for the problems experienced in this area were presented with a participatory approach. Problems such as the lack of dynamic real estate inventory and information systems, the inability to establish the ownership-acquisition method-zoning-use-actual situation relationship, the inadequacy of human resources and lack of corporate real estate management models do not allow successful real estate management in municipalities. Based the results of the examination, the need for a real estate and asset management system and a corporate real estate management model has been established.

Keywords

Real estate acquisition in municipalities, real estate management, real estate information system, asset management and Ankara Metropolitan Municipality Extended Abstract

References

• Aliefendioğlu, Y. ve Tanrıvermiş, H. (2017). “Türkiye’de Belediye Gelirlerinin Araştırılması Açısından Taşınmaz Değerleme Sisteminin Geliştirilmesi ve Olası Etkileri”, Uluslararası Kentsel Politikalar Konferansı (International Conferance on Urban Politics), 18-19 September,Gazimağusa, KKTC.
• Anoymous 2022. Dünya Bankası Belediye Varlık Yönetimi Stratejik Raporu.
• Ankara Büyükşehir Belediyesi (ABB) 2021 yılı faaliyet raporu. Web sitesi: https://s.ankara.bel.tr/files/2022/04/20/ 82a847b1e04a4e9f7d6b48d7e8ff52db.pdf. [Erişim Tarihi:15.06.2022].
• Ankara Büyükşehir Belediyesi (ABB) Emlak ve İstimlak Daire Başkanlığı.
• Audit Commiıssion (1998). Local Authority Property. A Management Handbook. Audit Commission, HMSO, London.
• Audit Commission (2000). Hot Property: Getting the Best from Local Authority Assets. Audit Commission, HMSO, London.
• Berk, A. (2003), “Yerel Hizmet Sunumu ve Belediye İktisadi Teşebbüsleri”, Sayıştay Dergisi, Sayı: 49
• Brzeki, J. & Kaczmarski, C. (2000). Municipal Asset Management. Inception Report. Project Report for Local Government Initiative funded by USAID.
• Burns, P. (2002). Implementing Strategic Asset Management. APWA International Public Works Congress, Kansas City.
• Burns, P. (2003). Challenges for Asset Management. Presentation to Australian Water Authority Asset Management Specialist Interest Group.
• Bootle, R. (2002). Property in Business–a Waste of Space? Report Prepared for the Royal Institute of Chartered Surveyors,London.
• Carter, E. (1999). Public Property: The Lost Resource, Unpublished.
• Carter, E. (2000). Income Generation through Effective Asset Management. Presentation to Local Government Forum. 15th.
• Carpenter, A., Corrigan, B., Levitt, R. & Stephen, P. (2006). Ten Principles for Creating Value from Local Government Property. The Urban Land Institute. Washington.
• Council of Europe (1998). Management of Municipal Real Estate Property. Report by the Steering Committee on Local and Regional Democracy.
• Constantin, D. L., Dragusin, M., Iosif, A. E. & Petrescu, R. M. (2012). The Effective municipal Property management in South-east european cities recording ıssues. The case of bucharest municipality. Economics, Management and Financial Markets, 7(4), 483.
• Constantin, D. L., Mitrut, C., Grosu, R. M., Profiroiu, M. & Iosif, A. E. (2018). Municipal real properties and the challenges of new public management: a spotlight on Romania. International Review of Administrative Sciences, 84(1), 122-143.
• CLAW (2001). A Guidance Asset Management Planning in Wales. Consortium Local Authority Wales.
• Danielian, A. (2002). Local Government in Russia: Reinforcing Fiscal Autonomy in K. Davey (Ed) Fiscal Autonomy and Efficiency: Reforms in the Former Soviet Union (Budapest: Local Government and Public Service Reform Institute, Open Society Institute).
• Deakin, M. (1999). The Underlying Issues, Model and Task Ahead for Local Authority Property Management. Paper at RICS Research Conference: The Cutting Edge 1999.
• DETR (1999) Managing Performance in the Management of Local Authority Property. A research Report DETR.
• DETR (2000). Asset Management of Local Authority Land and Buildings – Good Practice Guidelines. DETR.
• Feschiyan, D. & Raleva, S. (2013). Valuation Bases and Accounting System Entries in Financial Analysis of the Municipal Real Property. Acta Universitatis Danubius. Œconomica, 9(4).
• Fernholz, F. & Fernholz, M. (2006). Strategic Municipal Asset Management. Paper submitted to Municipal Finance Task Force.
• Hentschel, J. and Utter, M. (2006). U.S. Cities– An Entrepreneurial Approach to Municipal Real Estate Asset Management. Chapter 2 In Managing Government Property Assets: International Experiences edited by Kaganova, O. & Mckellar, J (2006) The Urban Institute Press, Washington.
• Howart, A. (2006). Improving Asset Management in Government Departments. A Report on Improving the Capability and Capacity of Managing Property Assets in Central Civil Government for the Office of Government Commerce.
• Kaganova, O., & Mckellar, J. (2006). Managing Government Property Assets: International Experiences. The Urban Institute Press.
• Kaganova, O. (2003). Evolving Approaches to Managing Governmental Real Property Assets. Presentation to National Executive Forum on Public Property Sponsor’s’ Retreat Montreal, Canada.
• Keleş, R. (2015). Kentleşme Politikası. Ankara: İmge Kitabevi.
• Klumbyte, E., Bliudzius, R., & Fokaides, P. (2020). Development and application of municipal residential buildings facilities management model. Sustainable Cities and Society, 52, 101804.
• Ladu, M. (2020). The role of city dashboards in managing public real estate in Italy: Proposals for a conceptual framework. J. Urban Plan. Dev, 146(4), 04020047.
• Lyons, M. S. (2004). Towards Better Management of Public Sector Assets. A Report to the Chancellor of the Exchequer. HMSO.
• Lloyd, T. (2007). Delivering a UK Industry Standard forProperty Asset Management. Presentation at the Leeds Forum for Asset Management.
• Jones, K. & Smart, J. (1999). Local Authority Assets- Strategic Management of Land and Buildings. DTZ Pieda Consulting marketing flyer.
• Pallis, C. & Pallis, P. (2014). The development of municipalities property management as a financial tool: An empirical investigation. Journal of Property Investment & Finance.
• Phelps, A.J. (2009). An Examination of the elationship between Rationale, Practice and Outcomes in Municipal Property Asset Management A Comparative Study of the UK and Russia..PhD thesis. International Development Department School of Government and Society University of Birmingham.
• Phelps, A. J. (2011). Municipal property asset management–a comparative study of UK and Russia. International Journal of Strategic Property Management, 15(4), 416-437.
• Peteri, G. (2003). From Usage to Ownership. Transfer of Public Property to Local Government in Central Europe. Local Government and Public Services Reform Initiative. Edited by Gabor Peteri. Budapest, Hungary.
• Rasolonjatovo, H., Lande, E., & Harison, V. (2015). Active asset management: feasibility in Malagasy municipalities. Public Money & Management, 35(6), 417-422.
• RICS (2004). Asset Management in Local Government: Guidelines. Royal Institute of Chartered Surveyors.
• Simons, R. (1993). Public real estate management-Adapting corporate practice to the public sector: The experience in Cleveland, Ohio. Journal of Real Estate Research, 8(4), 639-654.
• Tanrıvermiş, H., Akipek Öcal, Ş. ve Demir, E. (2016). “Gayrimenkul Mevzuatı”, SPL Sermaye Piyasası Lisanslama Sicil ve Eğitim Kuruluşu, Lisanslama Sınavları Çalışma Kitapları Ders Kodu: 1019 (Gayrimenkul Değerleme Sınavı). Ankara.
• Trojanek, M. (2014). Carrying out municipal tasks in the Scope of housing stock management–Case study of Poznań city. Real Estate Management and Valuation, 22(3),85-92.
• Vermiglio, C. (2011). Public property management in Italian municipalities: Framework, current issues and viable solutions. Property management, 29(5), 423-442.
• Yeğiner, P., & Tanrıvermiş, Y. (2021). Belediye Taşınmazlarının Değerlendirilmesinde Yerel Yönetim Bankacılığının Rolü ve Belediyelerin Yaklaşımı. Finansal Araştırmalar Ve Çalışmalar Dergisi, 13(25), 879-903.