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Seperatist Movement In The Process Of Nation Building

Year 2021, Volume: 11 Issue: 2, 173 - 192, 30.12.2021

Abstract

This paper would like to discuss how the separatist movement in Chechnya and Aceh developed and grew during the process of nation-building. This paper found that the Chechen and Aceh separatism was grown out of ethno-religious sentiments and the autocratic policy of the central government. Finally, Chechnya and Aceh had different ways to solve the problem of separatism. Russian government approaches the Chechen separatism issue by “Chechenizing” the issue. However, the Indonesian government used a more holistic approach by opening political channels to all of the parties involved during the conflict to finally agree on a new system.

Thanks

The author wishes to thank Asst. Prof. Dr. Ibrahim Koremezli at the Eskisehir Osmangazi University for his comments on this assignment paper.

References

  • Abuza, Z. (2003). Militant Islam in Southeast Asia: Crucible of Terror. Colorado & London: Lynne Rienner Publishers.
  • Aktürk, Ş. (2015). Almanya, Rusya ve Türkiye'de Etnisite Rejimleri ve Milliyet. Istanbul: Istanbul Bilgi Üniversitesi Yayınları.
  • Alfian, T. I. (1992). Sastra perang: sebuah pembicaraan mengenai Hikayat Perang Sabil. Jakarta: Balai Pustaka.
  • Barter, S. J. (2008). Resources, religion, rebellion: the sources and lessons of Acehnese separatism. Small Wars & Insurgencies, 19(1), 39-61.
  • Bibermann, Y. (2016). Violence by Proxy: State-Sponsored Rebels and Criminals in Chechnya. In B. Koch, State Terror and State Violence: Global Perspective (pp. 135-150). Springer VS.
  • Birch, A. (2003). Nationalism and National Integration. London: Unwyn Hinman.
  • Chaidar, A. (1999, June). Teungku Muhammad Daud Beureueh Bapak Darul Islam dan Bapak Orang-orang Aceh. Retrieved from Media ISNET: http://media.isnet.org/islam/gapai/Beureueh.html
  • Davies, M. (2006). Indonesia's war over Aceh: Last stand on Mecca's porch. London & New York: Routledge.
  • Hale, H. E. (2008). The Foundations of Ethnic Politics: Separatism of States and Nations in Eurasia and the World. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Hasjmy, A. (1977). 59 Tahun Aceh Merdeka di bawah Pemerintahan Ratu. Jakarta: Penerbit Bulan Bintang.
  • Jaimoukha, A. (2005). The Chechens: A Handbook. London & New York: RoutledgeCurzon.
  • Kabir, A., & Muin, F. (2015). Ikhtisar dalam Memahami Pendidikan Pancasila dan Kewarganegaraan: Suatu Pendekatan yang Bersifat Holistik. Jogjakarta: Deeppublish Publisher.
  • Kir-Lindsay, J. (2014). Understanding state responses to secession. Peacebuilding, 2(1), 28-44.
  • Kusumoprojo, W. S. (2009). Indonesia negara maritim. Jakarta: Penerbit Teraju.
  • McDonald, H. (2015). Demokrasi: Indonesia in the 21st Century. New York: St. Martin's Press.
  • Miller, M. A. (2009). Rebellion and Reform in Indonesia: Jakarta's security and autonomy policies in Aceh. London & New York: Routledge.
  • Pemerintah Provinsi Nanggroe Aceh Darussalam. (2008). Aceh Serambi Mekkah. Banda Aceh: Pemerintah Provinsi Nanggroe Aceh Darussalam.
  • Pokalova, E. (2015). Chechnya's Terrorist Network: The Evolution of Terrorism in Russia's North Caucasus. California: Praeger.
  • Reid, A. (2005). An Indonesian Frontier: Acehnese and Other Histories of Sumatra. Singapore: Singapore University Press.
  • Ricklefs, M. (2001). A History of Modern Indonesia Since c.1200. Hampshire: Palgrave Macmillan.
  • Safwan, M. (1992). Pahlawan nasional Teuku Nyak Arief. Jakarta: Balai Pustaka.
  • Salim, A. (2015). Contemporary Islamic Law in Indonesia: Shari'ah and Legal Pluralism. Edinburgh: Edinburg University Press.
  • Sanders, T., Tucker, E., & Hamburg, G. (Eds.). (2009). Russian-Muslim Confrontation in the Caucasus: Alternative visions of the conflict between Imam Shamil and the Russians, 1830-1859. New York: Routledge Curzon.
  • Schaefer, R. W. (2010). The Insurgency in Chechnya and the Northern Caucasus. California: Praeger.
  • Sinambela, M. (2003). Dilema otonomi daerah dan masa depan nasionalisme Indonesia. Balairung & Company.
  • The Week Staffs. (2016, 6 March). Ramazan Kadyrov: Putin's strongman in Chechnya. Retrieved from The Week: http://theweek.com/articles/610111/ramzan-kadyrov-putins-strongman-chechnya
  • Tiro, H. (1979). The Drama of Acehnese History, 1873-1978. State of Aceh: Ministry of Education of the State of Aceh.
  • Toer, K. S., & Kamil, E. (2003). Kronik revolusi Indonesia: 1948. Jakarta: Kepustakaan Populer Gramedia.
  • Ware, R. B., & Kisriev, E. (2009). Dagestan: Russian Hegemony and Islamic Resistance in the North Caucasus. New York & London: M.E. Sharpe.
  • Zürcher, C. (2007). The Post-Soviet Wars: Rebellion, Ethnic Conflict, and Nationhood in the Caucasus. New York & London: New York University Press.

Ulus İnşası Sürecinde Ayrılıkçılık Hareketi: Çeçen ve Açe Örneği

Year 2021, Volume: 11 Issue: 2, 173 - 192, 30.12.2021

Abstract

Bu çalışma Çeçenya ve Açe'deki ayrılıkçı hareketi ulus inşası sırasında nasıl geliştiğini tartışmak istiyor. Bu makale Çeçen ve Açe ayrılıkçılığının etno-dini duygulardan ve merkezi hükümetin otokratik politikasından kaynaklandığını iddia etmiştir. Son olarak, Çeçenya ve Açe'nin ayrılıkçılık sorununu çözmenin farklı yolları olduğunu da kanıtlanmıştır. Rus hükümeti, Çeçen ayrılıkçılık konusuna konuyu "Çeçenleştirerek" yaklaşmıştır. Endonezya hükümeti, nihayetinde yeni bir sistem üzerinde anlaşmaya varmak için çatışma sırasında yer alan tüm taraflara siyasi kanallar açarak daha bütünsel bir yaklaşım kullanmıştır.

References

  • Abuza, Z. (2003). Militant Islam in Southeast Asia: Crucible of Terror. Colorado & London: Lynne Rienner Publishers.
  • Aktürk, Ş. (2015). Almanya, Rusya ve Türkiye'de Etnisite Rejimleri ve Milliyet. Istanbul: Istanbul Bilgi Üniversitesi Yayınları.
  • Alfian, T. I. (1992). Sastra perang: sebuah pembicaraan mengenai Hikayat Perang Sabil. Jakarta: Balai Pustaka.
  • Barter, S. J. (2008). Resources, religion, rebellion: the sources and lessons of Acehnese separatism. Small Wars & Insurgencies, 19(1), 39-61.
  • Bibermann, Y. (2016). Violence by Proxy: State-Sponsored Rebels and Criminals in Chechnya. In B. Koch, State Terror and State Violence: Global Perspective (pp. 135-150). Springer VS.
  • Birch, A. (2003). Nationalism and National Integration. London: Unwyn Hinman.
  • Chaidar, A. (1999, June). Teungku Muhammad Daud Beureueh Bapak Darul Islam dan Bapak Orang-orang Aceh. Retrieved from Media ISNET: http://media.isnet.org/islam/gapai/Beureueh.html
  • Davies, M. (2006). Indonesia's war over Aceh: Last stand on Mecca's porch. London & New York: Routledge.
  • Hale, H. E. (2008). The Foundations of Ethnic Politics: Separatism of States and Nations in Eurasia and the World. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Hasjmy, A. (1977). 59 Tahun Aceh Merdeka di bawah Pemerintahan Ratu. Jakarta: Penerbit Bulan Bintang.
  • Jaimoukha, A. (2005). The Chechens: A Handbook. London & New York: RoutledgeCurzon.
  • Kabir, A., & Muin, F. (2015). Ikhtisar dalam Memahami Pendidikan Pancasila dan Kewarganegaraan: Suatu Pendekatan yang Bersifat Holistik. Jogjakarta: Deeppublish Publisher.
  • Kir-Lindsay, J. (2014). Understanding state responses to secession. Peacebuilding, 2(1), 28-44.
  • Kusumoprojo, W. S. (2009). Indonesia negara maritim. Jakarta: Penerbit Teraju.
  • McDonald, H. (2015). Demokrasi: Indonesia in the 21st Century. New York: St. Martin's Press.
  • Miller, M. A. (2009). Rebellion and Reform in Indonesia: Jakarta's security and autonomy policies in Aceh. London & New York: Routledge.
  • Pemerintah Provinsi Nanggroe Aceh Darussalam. (2008). Aceh Serambi Mekkah. Banda Aceh: Pemerintah Provinsi Nanggroe Aceh Darussalam.
  • Pokalova, E. (2015). Chechnya's Terrorist Network: The Evolution of Terrorism in Russia's North Caucasus. California: Praeger.
  • Reid, A. (2005). An Indonesian Frontier: Acehnese and Other Histories of Sumatra. Singapore: Singapore University Press.
  • Ricklefs, M. (2001). A History of Modern Indonesia Since c.1200. Hampshire: Palgrave Macmillan.
  • Safwan, M. (1992). Pahlawan nasional Teuku Nyak Arief. Jakarta: Balai Pustaka.
  • Salim, A. (2015). Contemporary Islamic Law in Indonesia: Shari'ah and Legal Pluralism. Edinburgh: Edinburg University Press.
  • Sanders, T., Tucker, E., & Hamburg, G. (Eds.). (2009). Russian-Muslim Confrontation in the Caucasus: Alternative visions of the conflict between Imam Shamil and the Russians, 1830-1859. New York: Routledge Curzon.
  • Schaefer, R. W. (2010). The Insurgency in Chechnya and the Northern Caucasus. California: Praeger.
  • Sinambela, M. (2003). Dilema otonomi daerah dan masa depan nasionalisme Indonesia. Balairung & Company.
  • The Week Staffs. (2016, 6 March). Ramazan Kadyrov: Putin's strongman in Chechnya. Retrieved from The Week: http://theweek.com/articles/610111/ramzan-kadyrov-putins-strongman-chechnya
  • Tiro, H. (1979). The Drama of Acehnese History, 1873-1978. State of Aceh: Ministry of Education of the State of Aceh.
  • Toer, K. S., & Kamil, E. (2003). Kronik revolusi Indonesia: 1948. Jakarta: Kepustakaan Populer Gramedia.
  • Ware, R. B., & Kisriev, E. (2009). Dagestan: Russian Hegemony and Islamic Resistance in the North Caucasus. New York & London: M.E. Sharpe.
  • Zürcher, C. (2007). The Post-Soviet Wars: Rebellion, Ethnic Conflict, and Nationhood in the Caucasus. New York & London: New York University Press.
There are 30 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Hadza Min Fadhli Robby

Publication Date December 30, 2021
Submission Date June 14, 2020
Published in Issue Year 2021 Volume: 11 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Robby, H. M. F. (2021). Seperatist Movement In The Process Of Nation Building. Adam Academy Journal of Social Sciences, 11(2), 173-192.

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