Comparing Textual Comprehension Strategies of Lower Secondary Students with and without Learning Disabilities through Metacognitive Interviews

Abstract

Textual comprehension requires the use of pre-while-post reading cognitive and metacognitive strategies. The purpose of this study was to determine the knowledge of textual comprehension strategies of lower secondary school students with Learning Disabilities (LD) and Average Achievement (AA) through metacognitive interviews and to identify differences in the strategies they use. 30 students with LD and 30 students with AA in grades 5, 6, 7, and 8 participated in the study. Metacognitive interviews were used to collect research data. The results of the study indicated that students with LD had inadequate and ineffective knowledge of textual comprehension strategies compared to students with AA. On the other hand, it was found that students with AA had some knowledge of pre and post reading cognitive strategies, but they had limitations in while-reading cognitive and metacognitive strategies.

Keywords

• Metacognition
• reading comprehension strategies
• learning disabilities
• metacognitive interviews

Öğrenme Güçlüğü Olan ve Olmayan Ortaokul Öğrencilerinin Kullandıkları Metin Anlama Stratejilerinin Üstbilişsel Görüşme Aracılığıyla Karşılaştırılması

Abstract

Metin anlama becerisi; okuyucunun okuma öncesi, okuma sırası ve okuma sonrasında bilişsel ve üstbilişsel stratejilerin kullanımını gerektirir. Bu araştırmada Öğrenme Güçlüğü (ÖG) olan ve Ortalama Başarı (OB) gösteren ortaokul öğrencilerinin metin anlama strateji bilgilerinin üstbilişsel görüşme aracılığıyla belirlenmesi ve kullandıkları stratejiler bakımından farklılıklarının ortaya konması amaçlanmıştır. Çalışmaya 5, 6, 7 ve 8. sınıflara devam eden 30 ÖG olan ve 30 OB gösteren öğrenci katılmıştır. Araştırma verilerinin toplanması amacıyla üstbilişsel görüşme yapılmıştır. Araştırma sonuçları; ÖG olan öğrencilerin OB gösteren öğrencilere göre yetersiz ve etkisiz metin anlama strateji bilgisine sahip olduklarını göstermektedir. OB gösteren öğrencilerin ise okuma öncesi ve okuma sonrası bilişsel strateji bilgisinin bir kısmına sahip oldukları buna karşın okuma sırasında kullanılan bilişsel ve üstbilişsel stratejiler konusunda sınırlılıkları olduğu bulunmuştur.

Keywords

• Üstbiliş
• okuduğunu anlama stratejileri
• öğrenme güçlüğü
• üstbilişsel görüşme

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