Conventional and Current Treatment Approaches for Ankyloglossia

Abstract

Objectives: Ankyloglossia is an anomaly that results from a short and thick lingual frenulum that causes limited tongue movement. It can cause problems such as difficulty in sucking, abnormal swallowing, speech disorder, malocclusion, gingival recession, especially in infancy. In this research, it was aimed to evaluate the clinical diagnostic criteria of ankyloglossia, functional disorders due to ankyloglossia, clinical treatment approaches of ankyloglossia, and the complications of these approaches that may affect the prognosis based on studies in the literature. Material and Method: A literature review was conducted to evaluate the studies on ankyloglossia in pediatric dentistry. The articles indexed in pubMed, Google Scholar, SpringerLink, Web of Science, Elsevier ScienceDirect, and Scopus electronic databases were accessed and evaluated using the keywords “ankyloglossia”, “tongue tie”, “lingual frenectomy”, and “pediatric dentistry”. Results: When the studies in the literature were examined, it was concluded that surgical treatments were planned according to the degree of functional limitations caused by ankyloglossia in children. With the developing technology, the laser is recommended in order to facilitate healing by eliminating the complications of conventional surgical treatment approaches and post-operative discomforts. Conclusion: Surgical techniques, rehabilitation exercises, and patient cooperation are important for the early correction of functional disorders due to ankyloglossia. With the use of laser in the surgical treatment of ankyloglossia, the need for general/local anesthesia and suturing decreases during the operation, the need for analgesic and/or anti-inflammatory drugs decreases after the operation, and better healing can be achieved by reducing hematoma, inflammation and bleeding. Despite its many advantages, this method has clinical limitations as it requires expensive equipment and trained personnel.

Keywords

• ankiloglossi
• dil bağı
• lingual frenektomi
• ankyloglossia
• lingual frenectomy
• tongue tie

Ankiloglossi için Geleneksel ve Güncel Tedavi Yaklaşımları

Abstract

Amaç: Ankiloglossi, sınırlı dil hareketine neden olan kısa ve kalın bir lingual frenulumun sonucu gelişen bir anomalidir. Özellikle bebeklik döneminde emme güçlüğü, anormal yutkunma, konuşma bozukluğu, maloklüzyon, diş eti çekilmesi gibi sorunlara yol açabilir. Bu araştırmada ankiloglossinin klinik tanı kriterlerinin, ankiloglossiye bağlı gelişen fonksiyonel bozuklukların, ankiloglossinin klinik tedavi yaklaşımlarının ve bu yaklaşımların prognozu etkileyebilen komplikasyonlarının literatürdeki çalışmalara dayanarak değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Çocuk diş hekimliği alanında ankiloglossi ile ilgili çalışmaların değerlendirilmesi amacıyla literatür taraması yapılmıştır. pubMed, Google Scholar, SpingerLink, Web of Science, Elsevier ScienceDirect, Scopus elektronik veri tabanlarında indekslenen makalelere “ankyloglossia”, “tongue tie”, “lingual frenectomy” ve “children” anahtar kelimeleri kullanılarak erişim sağlanmış ve değerlendirme yapılmıştır. Bulgular: Literatürdeki çalışmalar incelendiğinde, ankiloglossinin çocuklarda oluşturduğu fonksiyonel kısıtlılıkların derecesine göre cerrahi tedavilerin planlandığı sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Gelişen teknoloji ile birlikte konvansiyonel cerrahi tedavi yaklaşımlarının oluşturduğu komplikasyonlar ile post-operatif rahatsızlıkları elimine etmek ve iyileşmeyi kolaylaştırmak amacıyla lazer önerilmektedir. Sonuç: Ankiloglossiye bağlı gelişen fonksiyonel bozuklukların erken dönemde düzeltilebilmesi için cerrahi teknikler, rehabilitasyon egzersizleri ve hasta kooperasyonu önemlidir. Ankiloglossinin cerrahi tedavisinde lazer kullanımı ile operasyon sırasında genel/lokal anestezi, dikiş ihtiyacı azalır, operasyon sonrası ise analjezik ve/veya antiinflamatuar ilaç ihtiyacı azalır, hematom, iltihap, kanama azalarak daha iyi iyileşme sağlanabilir. Birçok avantajına rağmen, bu yöntem pahalı ekipman ve eğitimli personel gerektirdiği için klinik sınırlamaları bulunmaktadır.

Keywords

• ankiloglossi
• dil bağı
• lingual frenektomi

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