Yapay Yaşlandırma İşlemlerinin Zirkonyanın Fiziksel ve Mekanik Özelliklerine Etkileri

Abstract

İtriyumla stabilize edilmiş tetragonal zirkonya polikristali, üstün mekanik özellikleri nedeniyle diş hekimliğinde implant dayanaklarının, protetik alt yapıların ve monolitik kronların üretiminde başarı ile kullanılan materyallerden biridir. Zirkonya, tetragonal fazda stabilize edildiğinde yüksek miktardaki çiğneme kuvvetlerine karşı dayanıklılık göstermektedir. Ancak nemli bir ortama maruz kaldığında tanecik büyümesi, yüzey pürüzlülüğünde artış ve mikro çatlakların yayılmasıyla karakterize olan ve bunun sonucunda materyalin mekanik özelliklerinde düşüşle sonuçlanan bir yapısal bozunmaya uğrayabilmektedir. Bu bozunma ise biyomedikal uygulamalarda kullanılan zirkonyanın klinik performansı açısından son derece kritik hale gelebilmektedir. Bu derlemenin amacı literatürde yer alan ve dental zirkonyaya uygulanan yapay yaşlandırma işlemlerinin materyalin fiziksel ve mekanik özelliklerini nasıl etkilediğini değerlendirmektir. Bu amaçla PubMed, Scopus ve Google Scholar veritabanlarında (artificial aging) VE (dental zirconia) VEYA (monolithic zirconia) VEYA (zirconium dioxide) anahtar kelimeleri kullanılarak analiz edildi. 249 sonucun taranmasından sonra 58 çalışma bu incelemeye dahil edildi. İncelenen makalelerin analizi sonucunda farklı yöntemler kullanılarak zirkonyaya yapay yaşlandırma işlemlerinin in-vitro veya in-vivo ortamlarda uygulandığı izlenmiştir. Bununla birlikte, mevcut klinik çalışmalar, protetik uygulamalarda zirkonyanın başarısının yüksek olduğunu göstermektedir.

Keywords

• bükülme direnci
• yapay yaşlandırma
• yüzey pürüzlülüğü
• zirkonya

Effects of Artificial Aging Processes on the Physical and Mechanical Properties of Zirconia

Abstract

Yttrium-stabilized tetragonal zirconia polycrystal is one of the materials used successfully in dentistry in the production of implant abutments, prosthetic infrastructures and monolithic crowns due to its superior mechanical properties. Zirconia is resistant to high chewing forces when stabilized in the tetragonal phase. However, when it is exposed to a humid environment, zirconia may undergo structural degradation, which is characterized by grain growth, increase in surface roughness and propagation of microcracks, resulting in a decrease in the mechanical properties of the material. This degradation can become extremely critical for the clinical performance of zirconia used in biomedical applications. The aim of this review was to evaluate the effects of artificial aging processes on the physical and mechanical properties of dental zirconia. For this purpose, the literature search was made in PubMed, Scopus and Google Scholar databases using the keywords (artificial aging) AND (dental zirconia) OR (monolithic zirconia) OR (zirconium dioxide). After screening 249 results, 37 studies were included in this review. As a result, it was observed that in-vitro or in-vivo artificial aging processes were applied to zirconia by using different methods. However, current clinical studies show that the success of zirconia in prosthetic applications is high.

Keywords

• artificial aging
• flexural strength
• surface roughness
• zirconia

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