The Effects of Biotics Derived from Lactiplantibacillus plantarum EIR/IF-1 on the Modulation of Periodontal Inflammation

Abstract

Objective: This study aims to investigate the immunomodulatory effects of postbiotics and paraprobiotics derived from Lactiplantibacillus plantarum EIR/IF-1, isolated from infant fecal microbiota. Materials and Methods: Human periodontal ligament fibroblast (hPDLF) cells were co-incubated with the release and bound forms of exopolysaccharides (10-1,000 μg/mL), cell lysate (0.1-1,000 μg/mL), cell surface proteins (0.1-100 μg/mL), and inactivated cells (10⁶-10¹⁰ CFU/mL) derived from Lactiplantibacillus plantarum EIR/IF-1 for 24 hours. Cell viability was assessed using the MTT assay. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from Porphyromonas gingivalis, a key pathogen involved in periodontal disease, was used to induce inflammation in hPDLF cells. Non-toxic doses of the biotics were subsequently tested for their impact on cytokine production in LPS induced hPDLF cells. Cytokine levels (IL-10, IL-8, and IFN-γ) were quantified using the ELISA protocol. Results: After 24 hours incubation of hPDLF cells with 1 µg/mL LPS and selected concentrations of the biotics derived from the EIR/IF-1 strain that did not exhibit toxic effects, it was observed that LPS from P. gingivalis induced IL-8 production. However, the biotics extracted from the EIR/IF-1 strain significantly reduced IL-8 production (p<0.0001). Furthermore, these biotics increased the production of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 (p<0.0001). Conclusion: The obtained data suggest that the biotics have the potential to counteract the pro-inflammatory effects induced by LPS. The findings highlight the potential of postbiotics and paraprobiotics, containing biologically active and effective components, as a promising natural and reliable approach for reducing and preventing periodontal inflammation. In conclusion, our results suggest that microbiota-derived biotics could serve as effective adjuncts in the management of periodontal diseases.

Keywords

• Inflammation
• Lactiplantibacillus plantarum
• Paraprobiotics
• Postbiotics

Lactiplantibacillus plantarum EIR/IF-1 Kaynaklı Biyotiklerin Periodontal İnflamasyonun Modülasyonu Üzerindeki Etkileri

Abstract

Amaç: Bu çalışma, bebek fekal mikrobiyotasından izole edilen Lactiplantibacillus plantarum EIR/IF-1 suşundan elde edilen postbiyotiklerin ve paraprobiyotiklerin immünmodülatör etkilerini araştırmayı amaçlamaktadır. Materyal ve Yöntem: İnsan periodontal ligament fibroblast (iPDLF) hücreleri, Lactiplantibacillus plantarum EIR/IF-1 kaynaklı salınan ve bağlı formlarda bulunan eksopolizakkaritler (10–1.000 μg/mL), hücre lizatı (0,1–1.000 μg/mL), hücre yüzeyi proteinleri (0,1–100 μg/mL) ve inaktif hücreler (10⁶–10¹⁰ KOB/mL) ile 24 saat süreyle birlikte inkübe edilmiştir. Hücre canlılığı MTT testi ile değerlendirilmiştir. Periodontal hastalıkla ilişkili önemli bir patojen olan Porphyromonas gingivalis’ten elde edilen lipopolisakkarit (LPS), iPDLF hücrelerinde inflamasyonu indüklemek için kullanılmıştır. Biyotiklerin, LPS ile uyarılmış iPDLF hücrelerinde sitokin üretimine olan etkisi, toksik olmayan dozlarla birlikte inkübasyon neticesinde test edilmiştir. Sitokin seviyeleri (IL-10, IL-8 ve IFN-γ) ELİZA protokolü ile belirlenmiştir. Bulgular: Hücreler 1 µg/mL LPS ve toksik etkisi olmayan seçilen biyotik dozları ile 24 saat inkübe edildikten sonra, P. gingivalis kaynaklı LPS’nin IL-8 üretimini indüklediği gözlemlenmiştir. Ancak, EIR/IF-1 suşundan elde edilen biyotikler, IL-8 üretimini önemli ölçüde azaltmıştır (p<0.0001). Ayrıca, bu biyotikler anti-inflamatuvar bir sitokin olan IL-10 üretimini artırmıştır (p<0.0001). Sonuç: Elde edilen veriler, biyotiklerin LPS’nin oluşturduğu pro-inflamatuvar etkileri azaltabilecek potansiyele sahip olduğunu göstermektedir. Bu bulgular, biyolojik olarak aktif ve etkin bileşenler içeren postbiyotikler ve paraprobiyotiklerin periodontal inflamasyonu azaltmak ve önlemek için umut verici, doğal ve güvenilir bir yaklaşım olarak kullanılabileceğini vurgulamaktadır. Sonuç olarak, mikrobiyota kaynaklı biyotiklerin periodontal hastalıkların yönetiminde etkili yardımcı bir tedavi olarak kullanılabileceği önerilmektedir.

Keywords

• İnflamasyon
• Lactiplantibacillus plantarum
• Paraprobiyotikler
• Postbiyotikler

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