Üç Boyutlu Yazıcılarda Kullanılan Daimi Dental Restoratif Materyallerin Mikrosertlik Açısından Değerlendirilmesi

Abstract

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, üç boyutlu yazıcılarla üretilen daimi restoratif materyallerin günlük hayatta sıkça tüketilen içeceklere maruziyetinin mikrosertlik değerlerine etkisinin değerlendirilmesidir. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Üç farklı 3-B daimi restoratif materyal (Crowntec, SAREMCO; Permanent Crown Resin, FORMLABS; VarseoSmile TriniQ, BEGO) kullanılarak 10x2 mm disk şeklinde 120 adet örnek ve CAD/CAM blok (Cerasmart, GC) kullanılarak 40 adet örnek (n=10) hazırlandı. Üç boyutlu yazıcıda üretilen materyallerin dijital tasarımları SolidWorks 2023 programı ile yapıldı. GC bloktan 2 mm kalınlığında kesitler alındı. Örneklerin yüzeyleri alüminyum oksit kaplı diskler (Sof-lex, 3M) ve elmas emdirilmiş çift aşamalı polisaj sistemi (Eve Diacomp-Plus) kullanılarak cilalandı. Örnekler, ISO/TS 1140539 standartlarına göre 5/55°C distile suda 5000 devirde (6 aylık yaşlandırmaya denk gelen) termal döngüye maruz bırakıldıktan sonra distile su, kahve, kola ve vişne suyunda 6 aylık klinik kullanıma denk gelen sürede bekletildi. Mikrosertlik (VHN) değerleri başlangıç (t0), termal döngü sonrası (t1) ve solüsyonlarda bekletme sonrası (t2) olmak üzere 3 farklı zamanda ölçüldü. Veriler üç yönlü varyans analizi (ANOVA) ve Tukey HSD post hoc testi ile değerlendirildi (p<0,05). Bulgular: Tüm solüsyon gruplarında ve tüm ölçüm zamanlarında en yüksek VHN değerleri Cerasmart blokta görülürken, VarseoSmile TriniQ en düşük değerleri sergiledi. Permanent Crown Resin ve Crowntec benzer VHN değerleri gösterdi (p>0,05). Permanent Crown Resin kahve ve distile suda, kola ve vişne suyuna göre anlamlı derecede yüksek mikrosertlik değerleri sergiledi (p<0,01). VarseoSmile TriniQ, Crowntec ve Cerasmart için farklı solüsyonların mikrosertlik üzerine anlamlı bir etkisi gözlenmedi (p>0,05). Sonuç: Bu çalışmanın limitasyonları dahilinde, kullanılan 3-B daimi restoratif materyallerin mikrosertlik değerleri kahve, kola ve vişne suyundan etkilendi ve mikrosertlik değerlerinde azalma görüldü.

Keywords

• İçecek
• mikrosertlik
• restoratif materyal
• üç boyutlu yazıcı

Evaluation of Microhardness of 3D Printable Permanent Dental Restorative Materials

Abstract

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the microhardness of 3D-printed permanent restorative materials exposed to commonly consumed beverages. Material and Methods: Three different 3D-printed permanent restorative materials (Crowntec, SAREMCO; Permanent Crown Resin, FORMLABS; VarseoSmile TriniQ, BEGO) were used to prepare 120 disk-shaped (10×2 mm ) specimens and one CAD/CAM block (Cerasmart, GC) was used to prepare 40 specimens (n=10). Designs were created with SolidWorks 2023, and 2 mm slices were obtained from the GC block. Specimen surfaces were polished with aluminum oxide disks (Sof-lex, 3M) and a diamond-impregnated polishing system (Eve Diacomp-Plus). Specimens were subjected to thermocycle (5-55°C, 5000 cycles) in distilled water, according to ISO/TS 11405:39, simulating six months of clinical aging. They were then immersed in distilled water, coffee, cola, and cherry juice corresponding to six months. Microhardness (VHN) was measured at baseline (t₀), after thermal cycling (t₁), and after immersion (t₂) using a Vickers tester. Data were analyzed by three-way ANOVA and Tukey HSD post hoc test (p<0.05). Results: Cerasmart showed the highest and VarseoSmile TriniQ the lowest VHN values among all groups and times. Permanent Crown Resin and Crowntec exhibited similar VHN values. Permanent Crown Resin had significantly higher VHN in coffee and distilled water than in cola and cherry juice (p<0.01). Solution had no effect on VHN for VarseoSmile TriniQ, Crowntec, or Cerasmart (p>0.05). Conclusion: Within the limitations of this study, the microhardness values of the tested 3D permanent restorative materials were affected by coffee, cola, and cherry juice, leading to a decrease in microhardness.

Keywords

• Beverage
• microhardness
• restorative material
• three-dimensional printer

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