Evaluation of Lifestyle Change and Emergency Management Approaches in Patients Receiving Orthodontic Treatment During COVID-19

Year 2023, Volume: 9 Issue: 2, 21 - 30, 31.08.2023

Derya Dursun , Ezgi Yağımlı , Rumeysa Bilici Geçer

Abstract

Objective: The aim is to evaluate changes in the lifestyles of patients undergoing orthodontic treatment during COVID-19, their perspectives on the problems encountered during treatment and the methods used to deal with these problems.
Material and Metods: The study consisted of 200 volunteers undergoing orthodontic treatment. The study collected data using web-based questionnaire. The questionnaire consists of questions that evaluate changes in lifestyle of patients undergoing orthodontic treatment during COVID-19, the problems they encounter in orthodontic treatment, and the methods they use to cope with problems.
Results: Of the 200 participants with an average age of 17 years, 55% were female and 45% male. 20% of the participants received removable orthodontic treatment and 80% received fixed orthodontic treatment. 44% of the participants increased their eating frequency and 66% gained weight. It was found that the financial income of the families who gained weight decreased (p<0.05). 65% of patients receiving fixed orthodontic treatment considered band and bracket fractures as emergencies, 85% of patients receiving removable appliances considered appliance breakage as an emergency. It was found that the participants' first preferred method of dealing with emergencies during orthodontic treatment was to communicate with their dentist by message.
Conclusion: COVID-19 has an impact on patients' daily lives and orthodontic treatment. In an extraordinary situation that may occur, patient education and motivation are important in the management of the orthodontic treatment process. Establishing effective communication with patients, increasing mutual trust and providing information are particularly important in emergencies such as disasters and epidemics.

Keywords

COVID-19, orthodontic emergencies, eating habits, physical activity

Ortodontik Tedavi Gören Hastaların COVID-19 Salgını Sürecinde Yaşam Tarzı Değişiklikleri ve Acil Durumlarla Başa Çıkma Konusundaki Yaklaşımlarının Değerlendirilmesi

Abstract

Amaç: COVID-19 salgını sürecinde ortodontik tedavi gören hastaların yaşam tarzlarında meydana gelen değişiklikleri, ortodontik tedavilerinde ortaya çıkan problemlere bakış açıları ve bu durumlarla başa çıkma yöntemlerinin değerlendirmesi amaçlanmaktadır.
Gereç ve yöntemler: Kesitsel çalışma ortodontik tedavi gören 200 gönüllü katılımcıdan oluşmaktadır. Çalışmada veriler web tabanlı bir anket formuyla toplanmıştır. Anket ortodontik tedavi gören hastaların COVID-19 salgınında yaşam tarzındaki değişimleri, ortodontik tedavide karşılaştığı sorunları ve bu sorunlarla başa çıkma yöntemlerini değerlendiren sorulardan oluşmaktadır.
Bulgular: Yaş ortalaması 17 olan 200 katılımcının %55’i kadın, %45’i erkektir. Katılımcıların %20’si hareketli ortodontik aparey tedavisi, %80’i sabit ortodontik tedavi görmektedir. Salgın sürecinde katılımcıların %44’ünün yemek yeme sıklığı ve iştahı artmış olup %66’sı kilo almıştır. Kilo alan katılımcıların ailelerinde maddi gelirin azaldığı tespit edilmiştir (p<0,05). Katılımcıların %64’ünün salgın döneminde spor yapmadığı gözlenmiştir. Sabit ortodontik tedavi gören hastaların %65’i bant ve braket kırıklarını, %55’i bant ve braket kırığı kaynaklı yumuşak doku yaralanmalarını acil durum olarak görmekte olup, hareketli aparey tedavisi gören hastaların %85’i apareyin kırılmasını acil durum olarak görmektedir. Katılımcılar ortodontik tedavi sırasında ortaya çıkan acil durumları yönetme konusunda tercih ettikleri yaklaşımın hekimi ile mesaj yoluyla iletişime geçmek (%50) olduğu tespit edilmiştir.
Sonuç: COVID-19 salgın sürecinin hastaların hem günlük yaşamları hem de ortodontik tedavileri üzerinde etkileri olmuştur. Oluşabilecek olağanüstü bir durumda ortodontik tedavi sürecinin yönetiminde hasta eğitimi ve motivasyonu önemlidir. Hastalarla etkili bir iletişim kurmak, karşılıklı güveni artırmak, bilgi sağlamak özellikle afet ve salgın gibi acil durumlarda önem kazanmaktadır.

Keywords

COVID-19, ortodontik acil durumlar, beslenme alışkanlıkları, fiziksel aktivite

References

• (WHO) World Health Organization, Available from: http://www.who.int.Accesed: 05.05.2023
• Bustati N, Rajeh N. The impact of COVID-19 pandemic on patients receiving orthodontic treatment: An online questionnaire cross-sectional study. J World Fed Orthod. 2020;9(4):159-63.
• Li X, Li J, Qing P, Hu W. COVID-19 and the Change in Lifestyle: Bodyweight, Time Allocation, and Food Choices. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021;18(19).
• Gadi N, Saleh S, Johnson JA, Trinidade A. The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the lifestyle and behaviours, mental health and education of students studying healthcare-related courses at a British university. BMC Med Educ. 2022;22(1):115.
• Biswas A, Oh PI, Faulkner GE, Bajaj RR, Silver MA, Mitchell MS, et al. Sedentary time and its association with risk for disease incidence, mortality, and hospitalization in adults: a systematic review and metaanalysis. Ann Intern Med. 2015;162(2):123-32.
• Cabanas-Sanchez V, Martinez-Gomez D, Esteban-Cornejo I, Castro-Pinero J, Conde-Caveda J, Veiga OL. Reliability and validity of the Youth Leisuretime Sedentary Behavior Questionnaire (YLSBQ). J Sci Med Sport. 2018;21(1):69-74.
• Morosan H. Orthodontic treatment in times of Covid-19. J Med Life. 2021;14(2):205-9.
• U. T. COVID-19 and Dentistry Practice, Archives Medical Review Journal. 2020;29:87-93.
• Cotrin P, Peloso RM, Pini NIP, Oliveira RC, de Oliveira RCG, Valarelli FP, et al. Urgencies and emergencies in orthodontics during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic: Brazilian orthodontists’ experience. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2020;158(5):661-7.
• Suri S, Vandersluis YR, Kochhar AS, Bhasin R, Abdallah MN. Clinical orthodontic management during the COVID-19 pandemic. Angle Orthod. 2020;90(4):473- 84.
• Xiong J, Lipsitz O, Nasri F, Lui LMW, Gill H, Phan L, et al. Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on mental health in the general population: A systematic review. J Affect Disord. 2020;277:55-64.
• Broadbent JM, Thomson WM. The readiness of New Zealand general dental practitioners for medical emergencies. N Z Dent J. 2001;97(429):82-6.
• Turkistani KA. Impact of delayed orthodontic care during COVID-19 pandemic: Emergency, disability, and pain. J World Fed Orthod. 2020;9(3):106-11.
• Schmidt SK, Hemmestad L, MacDonald CS, Langberg H, Valentiner LS. Motivation and Barriers to Maintaining Lifestyle Changes in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes after an Intensive Lifestyle Intervention (The U-TURN Trial): A Longitudinal Qualitative Study. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020;17(20).
• Ernest MA, daCosta OO, Adegbite K, Yemitan T, Adeniran A. Orthodontic treatment motivation and cooperation: A cross-sectional analysis of adolescent patients’ and parents’ responses. J Orthod Sci. 2019;8:12.
• Di Renzo L, Gualtieri P, Pivari F, Soldati L, Attina A, Cinelli G, et al. Eating habits and lifestyle changes during COVID-19 lockdown: an Italian survey. J Transl Med. 2020;18(1):229.
• Pietrobelli A, Pecoraro L, Ferruzzi A, Heo M, Faith M, Zoller T, et al. Effects of COVID-19 Lockdown on Lifestyle Behaviors in Children with Obesity Living in Verona, Italy: A Longitudinal Study. Obesity (Silver Spring). 2020;28(8):1382-5.
• Campagnaro R, Collet GO, Andrade MP, Salles J, Calvo Fracasso ML, Scheffel DLS, et al. COVID-19 pandemic and pediatric dentistry: Fear, eating habits and parent’s oral health perceptions. Child Youth Serv Rev. 2020;118:105469.
• Ammar A, Brach M, Trabelsi K, Chtourou H, Boukhris O, Masmoudi L, et al. Effects of COVID-19 Home Confinement on Eating Behaviour and Physical Activity: Results of the ECLB-COVID19 International Online Survey. Nutrients. 2020;12(6).
• Naja F, Hamadeh R. Nutrition amid the COVID-19 pandemic: a multi-level framework for action. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2020;74(8):1117-21.
• Hooley M, Skouteris H, Millar L. The relationship between childhood weight, dental caries and eating practices in children aged 4-8 years in Australia, 2004-2008. Pediatr Obes. 2012;7(6):461-70.
• Silva AE, Menezes AM, Demarco FF, Vargas- Ferreira F, Peres MA. Obesity and dental caries: systematic review. Rev Saude Publica. 2013;47(4):799- 812.
• Bulut B BK, Acar YB. Orthodontic Treatment and Oral Hygiene from the Patients’Perspective. European Journal of Research in Dentistry. 2022;6:67- 72.
• Erbe C, Klukowska M, Tsaknaki I, Timm H, Grender J, Wehrbein H. Efficacy of 3 toothbrush treatments on plaque removal in orthodontic patients assessed with digital plaque imaging: a randomized controlled trial. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2013;143(6):760-6.
• Franco I, Bianco A, Bonfiglio C, Sorino P, Mirizzi A, Campanella A, et al. Decreased levels of physical activity: results from a cross-sectional study in southern Italy during the COVID-19 lockdown. J Sports Med Phys Fitness. 2021;61(2):294-300.
• Martinez EZ, Silva FM, Morigi TZ, Zucoloto ML, Silva TL, Joaquim AG, et al. Physical activity in periods of social distancing due to COVID-19: a crosssectional survey. Cien Saude Colet. 2020;25(suppl 2):4157-68.
• Gornicka M, Drywien ME, Zielinska MA, Hamulka J. Dietary and Lifestyle Changes During COVID-19 and the Subsequent Lockdowns among Polish Adults: A Cross-Sectional Online Survey PLifeCOVID-19 Study. Nutrients. 2020;12(8).
• Honne T, Pentapati K, Kumar N, Acharya S. Relationship between obesity/overweight status, sugar consumption and dental caries among adolescents in South India. Int J Dent Hyg. 2012;10(4):240-4.
• Costa MVC, Calderan MF, Cruvinel T. Could orthodontic fixed appliances and excess weight affect gingival health in adolescents? Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2020;157(2):172-7.
• Naveda R, Seminario MP, Janson G, Garib D. Concerns of orthodontic patients during the COVID-19 quarantine period. Dental Press J Orthod. 2022;27(1):e2220229.
• Zotti F, Dalessandri D, Salgarello S, Piancino M, Bonetti S, Visconti L, et al. Usefulness of an app in improving oral hygiene compliance in adolescent orthodontic patients. Angle Orthod. 2016;86(1):101-7.
• Xiang J, Xin Y, Wang R, Zhou H, Zou Y, Shim S, et al. Appointment impact and orthodontic emergency occurrence during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic: A retrospective study. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2022;161(1):e12-e9.
• Kim K, Heimisdottir K, Gebauer U, Persson GR. Clinical and microbiological findings at sites treated with orthodontic fixed appliances in adolescents. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2010;137(2):223-8.
• Gomes APM SE, Gonçalves SHM, Hutala MFR, Martinho FC, Gonçalve SEP, Torres CRG Relationship between patient’s education level and knowledge on oral health preventive measures. İnternational Dental & Medical Journal of Advanced Research. 2017;1.
• Saccomanno S, Quinzi V, Albani A, D’Andrea N, Marzo G, Macchiarelli G. Utility of Teleorthodontics in Orthodontic Emergencies during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Systematic Review. Healthcare (Basel). 2022;10(6).
• Papadimitriou A, Kakali L, Pazera P, Doulis I, Kloukos D. Social media and orthodontic treatment from the patient’s perspective: a systematic review. Eur J Orthod. 2020;42(3):231-41.