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Dentistry Students vs. ChatGPT 4o: Assessing Knowledge of Panoramic Radiographic Anatomy

Year 2025, Volume: 11 Issue: 2, 139 - 146, 31.08.2025

Abstract

Aim: Panoramic radiography constitutes an essential modality for the comprehensive assessment of patients in dentistry. This study investigates the normal panoramic radiography knowledge between dentistry students and ChatGPT-4o.
Materials and Methods: In this study, 182 undergraduate students from Kocaeli Health and Technology University, Faculty of Dentistry participated, with 52.7% being 3rd grade students and 47.3% being 4th grade students. Participants identified 35 landmarks on panoramic radiographs, which were categorized into bone structures, soft tissues / airways, and ghost images (20, 13, 2 questions were asked respectively). ChatGPT-4 was also evaluated on the same task. The same set of panoramic radiographic anatomy landmarks was presented to the AI model. The questions were input in the same format as they were presented to the students to maintain consistency. ChatGPT-4's answers were recorded and analyzed. The data were analyzed using IBM SPSS V23.
Results: The study revealed that 4th-grade students demonstrated significantly higher correct answer rates in bone structures, ghost images, and total scores compared to 3rd-grade students. No significant differences were observed in the median values of correct answer rates according to age and gender.
Conclusions: The outcome that 4th-grade students exhibited greater competence compared to 3rd-graders suggests that practical exposure to panoramic radiography within clinical contexts may enhance knowledge retention despite comprehensive theoretical instruction.

References

  • Maeda N, Hosoki H, Yoshida M, Suito H, Honda E. Dental students' levels of understanding normal panoramic anatomy. J Dent Sci 2018; 13: 241-6.
  • Razmus TF, Williamson GF, Van Dis ML. Assessment of the knowledge of graduating American dental students about the panoramic image. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol 1993; 76: 499-504.
  • Tran CG, Chang J, Sherman SK, De Andrade JP. Performance of ChatGPT on American Board of Surgery In-Training Examination preparation questions. J Surg Res 2024; 291: 61-7.
  • Gordon EB, Towbin AJ, Wingrove P, et al. Enhancing patient communication with Chat-GPT in radiology: Evaluating the efficacy and readability of answers to common imaging-related questions. J Am Coll Radiol 2024; 21: 142-9.
  • Mago J, Sharma M. The potential usefulness of ChatGPT in oral and maxillofacial radiology. Cureus 2023; 15: e42133.
  • Khurana S, Vaddi A. ChatGPT from the perspective of an academic oral and maxillofacial radiologist. Cureus 2023; 15: e40053.
  • Baghdady MT, Pharoah MJ, Regehr G, Lam EW, Woods NN. The role of basic sciences in diagnostic oral radiology. J Dent Educ 2009; 73: 1186-93.
  • Parillo M, Vaccarino F, Beomonte Zobel B, Mallio CA. ChatGPT and radiology report: potential applications and limitations. Radiol Med 2024; 129: 527-33.
  • Serindere G, Belgin CA. The evaluation of visibility of mandibular anatomic landmarks using panoramic radiography. Int Dent Res 2019; 9: 60-5.
  • Tokgöz Kaplan T, Yıldız Y. Evaluation of knowledge levels of undergraduate and postgraduate dentists concerning anatomical landmarks on panoramic radiography. Unika Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi 2024; 8: 671-81.
  • Elsheikhi F, Betamar N, Bugaighis I. Assessment of level of knowledge understood and memorized of panoramic anatomical landmarks among dental students in Benghazi, Libya. Libyan Int Med Univ J 2021; 6: 145-50.
  • Alsufyani N, Alnamlah S, Mutaieb S, et al. Virtual reality simulation of panoramic radiographic anatomy for dental students. J Dent Educ 2023; 87: 1208-14.
  • Wang D, Huai B, Ma X, et al. Application of artificial intelligence-assisted image diagnosis software based on volume data reconstruction technique in medical imaging practice teaching. BMC Med Educ 2024; 24: 145.
  • Yuan Q, Chen X, Zhai J, et al. Application of 3D modeling and fusion technology of medical image data in image teaching. BMC Med Educ 2021; 21: 316.

Diş Hekimliği Öğrencileri ve ChatGPT 4o: Panoramik Radyografik Anatomi Bilgisinin Değerlendirilmesi

Year 2025, Volume: 11 Issue: 2, 139 - 146, 31.08.2025

Abstract

Amaç: Panoramik radyografi, diş hekimliğinde hastaların kapsamlı değerlendirilmesinde temel bir görüntüleme yöntemidir. Bu çalışmada, diş hekimliği öğrencileri ile ChatGPT-4o’nun normal panoramik radyografi bilgileri karşılaştırılmıştır.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Bu çalışmaya Kocaeli Sağlık ve Teknoloji Üniversitesi Diş Hekimliği Fakültesi'nden 182 lisans öğrencisi katılmıştır; katılımcıların %52,7’si 3. sınıf, %47,3’ü ise 4. sınıf öğrencisidir. Katılımcılardan panoramik radyograflar üzerinde toplam 35 anatomik yapıyı tanımlamaları istenmiştir. Bu yapılar; kemik yapılar, yumuşak dokular/hava yolları ve hayalet görüntüler olmak üzere üç kategoriye ayrılmıştır (sırasıyla 20, 13 ve 2 soru sorulmuştur). Aynı görev ChatGPT-4 modeline de uygulanmıştır. Aynı panoramik radyografik anatomi soruları yapay zeka modeline öğrencilere sunulan formatta yöneltilmiştir. ChatGPT-4’ün yanıtları kaydedilmiş ve analiz edilmiştir. Veriler IBM SPSS V23 programı kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir.
Bulgular: Çalışmada, 4. sınıf öğrencilerinin kemik yapılar, hayalet görüntüler ve toplam puanlarda 3. sınıf öğrencilerine kıyasla anlamlı düzeyde daha yüksek doğru cevap oranlarına sahip olduğu bulunmuştur. Yaş ve cinsiyete göre doğru cevap oranlarının medyan değerlerinde anlamlı bir fark saptanmamıştır.
Sonuç: 4. sınıf öğrencilerinin 3. sınıf öğrencilerine kıyasla daha yüksek başarı göstermesi, klinik ortamlarda panoramik radyografi ile pratik yapmanın, yalnızca teorik eğitime kıyasla bilgi kalıcılığını artırabileceğini göstermektedir.

References

  • Maeda N, Hosoki H, Yoshida M, Suito H, Honda E. Dental students' levels of understanding normal panoramic anatomy. J Dent Sci 2018; 13: 241-6.
  • Razmus TF, Williamson GF, Van Dis ML. Assessment of the knowledge of graduating American dental students about the panoramic image. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol 1993; 76: 499-504.
  • Tran CG, Chang J, Sherman SK, De Andrade JP. Performance of ChatGPT on American Board of Surgery In-Training Examination preparation questions. J Surg Res 2024; 291: 61-7.
  • Gordon EB, Towbin AJ, Wingrove P, et al. Enhancing patient communication with Chat-GPT in radiology: Evaluating the efficacy and readability of answers to common imaging-related questions. J Am Coll Radiol 2024; 21: 142-9.
  • Mago J, Sharma M. The potential usefulness of ChatGPT in oral and maxillofacial radiology. Cureus 2023; 15: e42133.
  • Khurana S, Vaddi A. ChatGPT from the perspective of an academic oral and maxillofacial radiologist. Cureus 2023; 15: e40053.
  • Baghdady MT, Pharoah MJ, Regehr G, Lam EW, Woods NN. The role of basic sciences in diagnostic oral radiology. J Dent Educ 2009; 73: 1186-93.
  • Parillo M, Vaccarino F, Beomonte Zobel B, Mallio CA. ChatGPT and radiology report: potential applications and limitations. Radiol Med 2024; 129: 527-33.
  • Serindere G, Belgin CA. The evaluation of visibility of mandibular anatomic landmarks using panoramic radiography. Int Dent Res 2019; 9: 60-5.
  • Tokgöz Kaplan T, Yıldız Y. Evaluation of knowledge levels of undergraduate and postgraduate dentists concerning anatomical landmarks on panoramic radiography. Unika Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi 2024; 8: 671-81.
  • Elsheikhi F, Betamar N, Bugaighis I. Assessment of level of knowledge understood and memorized of panoramic anatomical landmarks among dental students in Benghazi, Libya. Libyan Int Med Univ J 2021; 6: 145-50.
  • Alsufyani N, Alnamlah S, Mutaieb S, et al. Virtual reality simulation of panoramic radiographic anatomy for dental students. J Dent Educ 2023; 87: 1208-14.
  • Wang D, Huai B, Ma X, et al. Application of artificial intelligence-assisted image diagnosis software based on volume data reconstruction technique in medical imaging practice teaching. BMC Med Educ 2024; 24: 145.
  • Yuan Q, Chen X, Zhai J, et al. Application of 3D modeling and fusion technology of medical image data in image teaching. BMC Med Educ 2021; 21: 316.
There are 14 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Melisa Öçbe 0000-0003-1609-610X

Yeşim Demirdurak 0009-0006-9647-9416

Publication Date August 31, 2025
Submission Date June 18, 2025
Acceptance Date July 30, 2025
Published in Issue Year 2025 Volume: 11 Issue: 2

Cite

Vancouver Öçbe M, Demirdurak Y. Dentistry Students vs. ChatGPT 4o: Assessing Knowledge of Panoramic Radiographic Anatomy. Aydin Dental Journal. 2025;11(2):139-46.

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