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MDMA EKSTAZİ İÇEREN SENTETİK TABLETLERDEKİ ORGANİK İÇERİKLERİNİN BELİRLENMESİ

Year 2014, Volume: 28 Issue: 2, 164 - 177, 31.08.2014
https://izlik.org/JA46LN62KC

Abstract

Amaç: Ekstazi tabletlerindeki MDMA’nın sentezi esnasında oluşan organik içeriklerinin belirlenmesidir. Yöntemler: Bu çalışmada kullanılan örnekler, polis tarafından yakalanarak Ankara Kriminal Polis Laboratuvarına getirilen Ekstazi tabletleridir. Organik içeriklerin belirlenmesinde tabletlerden alınan örneklerin sulu süspansiyonları kloroform, dietileter, diklorometan, toluen, benzen ve etil asetat gibi farklı çözücüler ile farklı pH’larda özütlenerek GC-MS ile nitel analizleri yapıldı. Bulgular: MDMA sentezi sırasında oluşan ara ve yan bileşenler için en uygun pH’nın 11 olduğu ve organik çözücülerden en uygun çözücünün ise en fazla bileşenin ayrılabildiği dietileter olduğu belirlendi. Sonuç: MDMA’nın sentezi sırasında kullanılan hammadde, oluşan ara ve yan ürünlerin GC-MS ile moleküler tanımlamaları yapıldı. Sonuç olarak, MDMA’nın üretim yöntemi ve ekstazi tabletlerinin organik içeriğine ait bilgiler elde edilmiştir.

References

  • Bora T. Yakalanan ekstazi tabletlerinin ni- tel, nicel ve kaynak belirlemesinde kullanı- lan analiz yöntemlerinin geliştirilmesi. Gazi Üniversitesi, Doktora Tezi, Ankara, 2007.
  • United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime UNODC . World Drug Report 2005. Vienna, Austria: UNODC, 2005:39-103.
  • T.C. İçişleri Bakanlığı Emniyet Genel Müdürlüğü Kaçakçılık ve Organize Suçlarla Mücadele Daire Başkanlığı, 2005 Raporu. Emniyet Genel Müdürlüğü Kaçakçılık ve Organize Suçlarla Mücadele Daire Başkanlığı, Ankara, 2006:117-65.
  • Jansen KLR. Ecstasy MDMA dependence. Drug and Alcohol Depend 1999;53 2 :121-4.
  • Ghysel MH. Amphétamines et dérivés. EMC-Toxicologie-Pathologie 2004;1 1 :13- 20.
  • Tanç O, Biçer F, Ak N. Adli Tıp Kurumu Kimyasal Tahliller İhtisas Dairesi Narkotik Laboratuvarına 1999-2000 yıllarında İs- tanbul Adliyelerinden gönderilen ecstasy tabletlerinin profili. Yıllık Adli Tıp Toplan- tıları Sözlü Bildiriler, İstanbul: Adli Tıp Ku- rumu Yayınları, 2001;2:233-5.
  • Verebey K, Alrazi J, Jaffe JH. The complications of ‘ecstasy’ MDMA . JAMA 1988;259 11 :1649-50.
  • Gökçe E. Ecstacy Örneklerinin Bileşimle- rinin İncelenmesi ve Kaynakları Ortak Olan- ların Belirlenmesi, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Gazi Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Anka- ra, 2002;13-28.
  • Ecstasy: Des données biologiques et cliniques aux contextes d’usage. Rapport. Paris: Les Editions INSERM, 1997:9,88- 98,117-23,134.
  • The Merck Index, Merck Research Laboratories Division of Merck & Co, Inc., Twelfth Edition, New Jersey: Whitehouse Station, 1996;268-1384.
  • Gimeno P, Besacier F, ChaudronThozet, H, Girard J, Lamotte A. A contribution to the chemical profiling of 3,4 methylenedioxymethamphetamin MDMA tablets. Forensic Sci Int 2002;127 1-2 :1- 44.
  • Jonson CSL, Artizzu N. Factors influencing the extraction of impurities from leuckart amphetamine. Forensic Sci Int 1998;93 2 :99-116.
  • Maguire R. The development, validation and application of analytical methods for the analysis of drugs of abuse. University of Dublin, Trinity College, PhD thesis, 2001;80-186.
  • Gimeno P, Besacier F, Bottex M, Dujourdy L, Chaudron-Thozet, H. A study of impurities in intermediates and 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamin MDMA samples produced via reductive amination routes. Forensic Sci Int 2005;155 2-3 :141-57.
  • Świst M, Wilamowski J, Parczewski A. Determination of synthesis method of ecstacy based on the basic impurities. Forensic Sci Int 2005;152 2-3 :175-84.
  • Świst M, Wilamowski J, Parczewski A. Basic and neutral route spesific impurities in MDMA prepared by different synthesis methods comparison of ımpurity profiles. Forensic Sci Int 2005;155 2-3 :100-11.
  • Świst M, Wilamowski J, Zuba D, Kochana J, Parczewski A. Determination of synthesis route of 1- 3,4-methylenedioxyphenyl -2- propanone MDP-2-P based on impurity profiles of MDMA. Forensic Sci Int 2005;149 2-3 :181-92.
  • Donnel RC. Forensic Investigation of Clandestine Laboratories. United States of America: CRC Pres, 2004:241-51.
  • Palhol F, Boyer S, Naulet N, Chabrillant M. Impurity profiling of seized MDMA tablets by capillary gas chromatography. Anal Bioanal Chem 2002;374 2 :274-81.
  • Zingg C. The analysis of ecstasy tablets in a forensic drug intelligence perspective, Doktora Tezi, Université de Lausanne, Faculté de Droit Ecole des Sciences Criminelles, Lozan, 2005;8-52.

DETERMINATION OF THE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS IN SYNTHETIC TABLETS CONTAINING MDMA ECSTASY

Year 2014, Volume: 28 Issue: 2, 164 - 177, 31.08.2014
https://izlik.org/JA46LN62KC

Abstract

Objective: Determination of the organic compounds during the synthesis of MDMA in illicit ecstasy samples. Methods: The samples used in this study were ecstasy tablets caught and delivered to Ankara Criminal Police Laboratory by police forces. Aqueous suspensions of sample tablets were extracted to clarify their organic contents with different solvents like chloroform, diethyl ether, dichloromethane, toluene, benzene and ethyl acetate at different PH’s. The solutions of the tablets’ qualitative analysis were analyzed by GC-MS. Results: It was concluded that during synthesis of the MDMA, the best pH was 11 for occurring midproducts and coproducts, and the best solvent was found as diethyl ether which separated more analytes than the other organic solvents. Conclusion: In this study, the molecular definition of occurring midproducts and coproducts during production of MDMA were determinated with using GC-MS. As a result the production method of MDMA and the organic contents of ecstasy tablets were obtained by this study.

References

  • Bora T. Yakalanan ekstazi tabletlerinin ni- tel, nicel ve kaynak belirlemesinde kullanı- lan analiz yöntemlerinin geliştirilmesi. Gazi Üniversitesi, Doktora Tezi, Ankara, 2007.
  • United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime UNODC . World Drug Report 2005. Vienna, Austria: UNODC, 2005:39-103.
  • T.C. İçişleri Bakanlığı Emniyet Genel Müdürlüğü Kaçakçılık ve Organize Suçlarla Mücadele Daire Başkanlığı, 2005 Raporu. Emniyet Genel Müdürlüğü Kaçakçılık ve Organize Suçlarla Mücadele Daire Başkanlığı, Ankara, 2006:117-65.
  • Jansen KLR. Ecstasy MDMA dependence. Drug and Alcohol Depend 1999;53 2 :121-4.
  • Ghysel MH. Amphétamines et dérivés. EMC-Toxicologie-Pathologie 2004;1 1 :13- 20.
  • Tanç O, Biçer F, Ak N. Adli Tıp Kurumu Kimyasal Tahliller İhtisas Dairesi Narkotik Laboratuvarına 1999-2000 yıllarında İs- tanbul Adliyelerinden gönderilen ecstasy tabletlerinin profili. Yıllık Adli Tıp Toplan- tıları Sözlü Bildiriler, İstanbul: Adli Tıp Ku- rumu Yayınları, 2001;2:233-5.
  • Verebey K, Alrazi J, Jaffe JH. The complications of ‘ecstasy’ MDMA . JAMA 1988;259 11 :1649-50.
  • Gökçe E. Ecstacy Örneklerinin Bileşimle- rinin İncelenmesi ve Kaynakları Ortak Olan- ların Belirlenmesi, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Gazi Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Anka- ra, 2002;13-28.
  • Ecstasy: Des données biologiques et cliniques aux contextes d’usage. Rapport. Paris: Les Editions INSERM, 1997:9,88- 98,117-23,134.
  • The Merck Index, Merck Research Laboratories Division of Merck & Co, Inc., Twelfth Edition, New Jersey: Whitehouse Station, 1996;268-1384.
  • Gimeno P, Besacier F, ChaudronThozet, H, Girard J, Lamotte A. A contribution to the chemical profiling of 3,4 methylenedioxymethamphetamin MDMA tablets. Forensic Sci Int 2002;127 1-2 :1- 44.
  • Jonson CSL, Artizzu N. Factors influencing the extraction of impurities from leuckart amphetamine. Forensic Sci Int 1998;93 2 :99-116.
  • Maguire R. The development, validation and application of analytical methods for the analysis of drugs of abuse. University of Dublin, Trinity College, PhD thesis, 2001;80-186.
  • Gimeno P, Besacier F, Bottex M, Dujourdy L, Chaudron-Thozet, H. A study of impurities in intermediates and 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamin MDMA samples produced via reductive amination routes. Forensic Sci Int 2005;155 2-3 :141-57.
  • Świst M, Wilamowski J, Parczewski A. Determination of synthesis method of ecstacy based on the basic impurities. Forensic Sci Int 2005;152 2-3 :175-84.
  • Świst M, Wilamowski J, Parczewski A. Basic and neutral route spesific impurities in MDMA prepared by different synthesis methods comparison of ımpurity profiles. Forensic Sci Int 2005;155 2-3 :100-11.
  • Świst M, Wilamowski J, Zuba D, Kochana J, Parczewski A. Determination of synthesis route of 1- 3,4-methylenedioxyphenyl -2- propanone MDP-2-P based on impurity profiles of MDMA. Forensic Sci Int 2005;149 2-3 :181-92.
  • Donnel RC. Forensic Investigation of Clandestine Laboratories. United States of America: CRC Pres, 2004:241-51.
  • Palhol F, Boyer S, Naulet N, Chabrillant M. Impurity profiling of seized MDMA tablets by capillary gas chromatography. Anal Bioanal Chem 2002;374 2 :274-81.
  • Zingg C. The analysis of ecstasy tablets in a forensic drug intelligence perspective, Doktora Tezi, Université de Lausanne, Faculté de Droit Ecole des Sciences Criminelles, Lozan, 2005;8-52.
There are 20 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Forensic Biology
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Taner Bora This is me

Fatma Nuralın This is me

Nilgün Şenocak This is me

Hasan Aydın This is me

Submission Date January 1, 2014
Publication Date August 31, 2014
IZ https://izlik.org/JA46LN62KC
Published in Issue Year 2014 Volume: 28 Issue: 2

Cite

Vancouver 1.Taner Bora, Fatma Nuralın, Nilgün Şenocak, Hasan Aydın. MDMA EKSTAZİ İÇEREN SENTETİK TABLETLERDEKİ ORGANİK İÇERİKLERİNİN BELİRLENMESİ. J For Med [Internet]. 2014 Aug. 1;28(2):164-77. Available from: https://izlik.org/JA46LN62KC
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