Neospora caninum infection in cows: Effects on Reproductive Performance,Prevention and Control Methods

Abstract

Background/Aim:Fertility is the most important yield in livestock industry. However, abortion as an factor effecting the fertility and industrial economy is the most important reproductive problem. Abortions occurred due to infectious or non-infectious reasons in cows. Successful diagnosis, treatment and prevention have been provided of Brucella, Leptospira, IBR and BVD which accepted as important abortion factors in worlwide. N. caninum as a cause of abortion had a growing importance in recent years. Although there are some reports about diagnosis and prevention, efficient treatment of the disease are still unknown. This review aims to summarize the current literatures about the effects of N. caninum infection on fertility and prevention-control options in cows. Conclusion:The infection of N. caninum has been reported in different regions of Turkey bacause of the high population of definitive host dogs and high import rates of cows. Neospora caninum has negative effects on the reproductive and production performance as well. Approximately 95% of calves born from seropositive dams are clinically normal but congenitally infected. Therefore, it is considered that congenitally infected calves potentially resorvoir of infection are more hazardous than abortion problem. Because of the no effective treatment in cows, prevention against Neosporiosis is more significant.

Keywords

• Cow,Neospora caninum,Abortion,Fertility

İneklerde Neospora caninum Enfeksiyonu: Reprodüktif Performansa Etkisi, Korunma ve Kontrol Yöntemleri

Abstract

Özbilgi/Amaç: Fertilite, ekonomik amaçla yetiştirilen çiftlik hayvanlarının en önemli verimidir. İneklerde fertiliteyi olumsuz yönde etkileyen ve işletmelerde önemli ölçüde ekonomik kayıplara neden olan reprodüktif sorunların başında abortus gelmektedir. İneklerde abortuslar enfeksiyöz ve nonenfeksiyöz nedenlere bağlı olarak şekillenmektedir. Günümüzde abort etkenlerinden Brucella, leptospira, IBR ve BVD gibi tüm dünyada yaygın olarak bilinen enfeksiyonların tanı, tedavi ve korunma aşamalarında başarı sağlanmıştır. İneklerin en önemli abort nedeni olarak gösterilen N. caninum’un ise önemi son yıllarda giderek artmaktadır. Hastalığın tanı ve korunma seçenekleri ile ilgili bildirimler yapılmakla birlikte henüz inekler için etkili bir tedavi seçeneği bulunmamaktadır. Son konak olan köpek popülasyonunun ve inek ithalatının fazla olduğu ülkemizde, farklı bölgelerde yapılan çalışmalarda N. caninum enfeksiyonları bildirilmiştir. Bu derlemenin amacı; ineklerde N. caninum enfeksiyonunun fertiliteye etkisi ve korunma-kontrol seçenekleri hakkında güncel literatür bilgileri özetlemektir. Sonuç:Neospora caninum, abortun yanı sıra reprodüktif ve üretim performansını da olumsuz etkilemektedir. Seropozitif anneden doğan buzağıların büyük çoğunluğu yaklaşık %95’i klinik olarak normal fakat konjenital enfekte olarak doğmaktadır. Konjenital enfekte buzağılar sürüde enfeksiyonun rezervuarı olduğundan abort sorunundan daha tehlikeli olarak değerlendirilmektedir. İnekler için etkili bir tedavi bulunmamasından dolayı Neosporosis’te korunma tedaviden daha fazla önem kazanmaktadır.

Keywords

• İnek,Neospora caninum,Abort,Fertilite

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