The Use of Immunmarkers in Diagnosis of Mast and Histiocytic Cell Tumors of Skin Tissue

Year 2018, Volume: 7 Issue: 1, 544 - 550, 01.01.2018

Caner Övet , Nihat Toplu

Abstract

Background/Aim: “Round cell tumor” localized in skin tissue of dog is called as “skin round cell tumor” in main classification because of their small, discrete individualized , and round morphological characters. These tumors consisted of histiocytoma, mast cell tumor, transmissible venereal tumor, cutaneous lymphosarcoma, melanoma, plasmacytoma and neuroendocrine cell tumor. The aim of the present study is to carry out classification of skin round cell tumors of the dog in archive of department of pathology, faculty of veterinery Medine, Adnan Menderes University, using histopathology, histochemistry and immunohistochemistry. Materials and Methods: The study materials consisted of 20 cases with round cell tumors diagnosed between 1999-2015 in department of pathology, faculty of veterinery Medine, Adnan Menderes University. The sections prepared from these parafin tissue samples were stained with heamatoxylin-eosin and Giemsa. Immunohistochemically, the sections were stained with avidin-biotin peroxidase complex method with C-KIT, Triptaz, CD1a, MHC II ve Vimentin primary antibodies. Conclusion: Histomorphologic findings of round cell tumor was not sufficient for differention. For this reason, immunomarkers were necessary for certain diagnosis of these tumors

Köpeklerde Kutanöz Mast ve Histiositik Hücre Tümörlerinin Tanısında İmmun Belirteçlerin Kullanımı

Abstract

Özbilgi/Amaç: Köpeklerde deride yerleşim gösteren yuvarlak hücreli tümörler yuvarlak histomorfolojilerinden dolayı üst sınıflandırmada bu isimle anılır. Yuvarlak hücreli tümörler “mastositoma, histoyositoma, bulaşıcı venereal tümör, lenfoma, melanoma, plazmasitoma ve nöroendokrin hücre tümörleri” inden oluşur. Sunulan çalışmada, Adnan Menderes Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Patoloji Anabilim Dalı arşivinde tanımlanmış köpeklerin yuvarlak hücreli tümörlerinin histopatolojik ve immunohistokimyasal olarak incelenerek alt tiplerinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Materyal ve Metot: Adnan Menderes Üniversitesi Patoloji Ana Bilim Dalı arşivinde 1999-2015 yılları arası yer alan toplam 20 adet olgu incelendi. Tümör ayrımında c-KIT, triptaz, CD1a, MHC-II ve vimentin belirteçleri kullanıldı. Yapılan bu değerlendirmede, on üç olgu mast hücre tümörü ve yedi olgu histiyositom olarak tanımlandı. Sonuç: Yuvarlak hücreli tümörlerin ayırımında histomorfolojik bulgular ile tümör belirteçlerinin birlikte değerlendirilmesinin daha sağlıklı sonuçlar verdiği ortaya konmuştur.

Keywords

Yuvarlak hücre, deri, mast hücre tümörü, histiyositom, TVT.

References

• Affolter VK. Moore PF (2000) Canine cutaneous and systemic histiocytosis: a reactive histiocytosis of dermal dendritic origin. Am J Dermatopathol 22, 40–8.
• Affolter VK. Moore PF (2002) Histiocytes in skin disease. In: Advances in Veterinary Dermatology, Vol. 4 (eds K. Thoday & C. Foil, R. Bond). pp. 111–30. Blackwell Publishing, Oxford.
• Auxilia ST, Hill PB (2000) Mast cell distribution, epidermal thickness and hair follicle density in normal canine skin: possible explanation for the predilection sites of atopic dermatitis? Veterinary Dermatology 11, 247–54.
• Beale KM, Bolon B (1993). Canine cutaneous lymphosarcoma: epitheliotropic and non-epitheliotropic, a retrospective study.
• In: Advances in Veterinary Dermatology, Vol. 2 (eds P.J. Ihrke, I.S. Mason & S.D. White), pp. 273–84. Pergamon Press, Oxford.
• Bergman PJ (2007). Canine oral melanoma. Clinical Techniques in Small Animal Practice 22,2,55-60.
• Bostock DE (1986). Neoplasms of the skin and subcutaneous tissues in dogs and cats. British Veterinary Journal 142,1,1–19.
• Davis BJ, Page R, Sannes PL et al (1992). Cutaneous mastocytosis in a dog. Veterinary Pathology 29, 363–365.
• Fernandez N, West K, Jackson M et al (2003). Immunohistochemical and enzyme histochemical stains for the diagnosis of canine cutaneous mast cell tumors and histiocytomas. Veterinary Pathology, 40, 613.
• Goldschmidt MH, Shofer FS (1992). Skin Tumors of the Dog and Cat, pp. 2–3, 265–70. Pergamon Press, Oxford.
• Gross TL, Ihrke PJ, Walder EJ, Affolter VK (2005). Skin Diseases of the Dog and Cat. Blackwell p562-893
• Gordon JR, Burd PR, Galli SJ (1990). Mast cells as a source of multifunctional cytokines. Immunology Today 11, 458-464.
• Hill PB (2002). Mast cells: a review of their biology and role in cutaneous inflammation, In: Advances in Veterinary Dermatology, Vol. 4 (ed. K.L. Thoday, C. Foil & R. Bond), pp. 161–77. Blackwell Publishing, Oxford.
• Jaffe MH, Hosgood G, Taylor HW et al (2000). Immunohistochemical and clinical evaluation of p53 in canine cutaneous mast cell tumors. Veterinary Pathology 37, 40-46.
• Jones CL, Grahn RA, Chien MB, Lyons LA, London CA (2004). Detection of c-kit mutations in canine mast cell tumors using fluorescent polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation. 16,2, 95-100.
• Kerlin RL, Hendrick MJ (1996). Malignant fibrous histiocytoma and malignant histiocytosis in the dog-convergent or divergent phenotypic differentiation? Veterinary Pathology 33,713-716.
• Kiupel, M. (2017). Mast cell tumors. Tumors in Domestic Animals (Edt by. Donald J. Mueten). Pp. 176.Wiley Blackwell.
• Kiupel M, Webster JD, Kaneene JB et al (2004) The use of KIT and tryptase expression patterns as prognostic tools for canine cutaneous mast cell tumours. Veterinary Pathology, 41, 371-377.
• Letard S, Yang Y, Hanssens K, Palmérini F, Leventhal PS, Guery S, Moussy A, Kinet JP, Hermine O, Dubreuil P. (2008). Gain-of-function mutations in the extracellular domain of KIT are common in canine mast cell tumors. Molecular Cancer Research, 6,7,1137-45.
• London CA, Galli SJ, Yuuki T et al (1999) Spontaneous canine mast cell tumors express tandem duplication of the proto-oncogene c-kit. Experimental Hematology 27, 687–697.
• London CA, Seguin B (2003) Mast cell tumors in the dog. Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract 33, 473–89.
• Moore P.F. (2017). Canine and Feline Histiocytic Diseases, Tumors in Domestic Animals (Edt by. Donald J. Mueten). Pp. 322.Wiley Blackwell.
• Moore PF, Schrenzel MD, Affolter VK et al (1996). Canine cutaneous histiocytoma is an epidermotropic Langerhans cell histiocytosis that expresses CD1 and specific beta-2-integrin molecules. American Journal of Pathology 148, 1699–708. Munn S, Chu AC (1998). Langerhans cell histiocytosis of the skin. Hematology Oncology Clinics of North America Journal 12, 269–86.
• Nagata M, Hirata M, Ishida T et al (2000). Progressive Langerhans’ cell histiocytosis in a puppy. Veterinary Dermatology 11, 241–246.
• Pazdzior-Czapula, K., Rotkiewicz, T., Otrocka-Domagała, I., Gesek, M., Smiech, A. (2014). Morphology and immunophenotype of canine cutaneous histiocytic tumours with particular emphasis on diagnostic application. Veterinary Research Communication DOI 10.1007/s11259-014-9622-1
• Patnaik AK, Ehler WJ, MacEwen EG (1984). Canine cutaneous mast cell tumor: morphologic grading and survival time in 83 dogs. Veterinary Pathology 21, 469–474.
• Rabanal R, Ferrer L (2002). Mast cell tumors: from the molecular biology to the clinic. In: Proceedings of the ISVD Meeting, Nice, pp. 11–26.
• Scott DW, Miller WH, Griffin CE (2001). Muller & Kirk’s Small Animal Dermatology, 6th edn, pp. 1347–50. W.B. Saunders, Philadelphia. Tang A, Amagai M, Granger LG et al (1993). Adhesion of epidermal Langerhans cells to keratinocytes mediated by Ecadherin. Nature 361, 82–5.
• Thongtharb, A, Uchıda, K., Chambers, J.K., Kagawa, Y., Nakayama, H. (2016). Histological and immunohistochemical studies on primary intracranial canine histiocytic sarcomas. Journal of Veterinary Medical Science. 78,4, 593–599
• Valent P, Horny HP, Li CY et al (2001). Mastocytosis (mast cell disease). In: Pathology and Genetics: Tumours of Haematopoietic and Lymphoid Tissues, Vol. 1 (eds E.S. Jaffe, N.L. Harris, H. Stein & J.W. Vardiman), pp. 292–302. IARC Press, Lyon.
• Welle M (1997). Development, significance, and heterogeneity of mast cells with particular regard to the mast cell-specific proteases chymase and tryptase. Journal of Leukocyte Biology, 61, 233–245.
• Zemke D, Yamini B, Yuzbasiyan-Gurkan V (2002). Mutations in the juxtamembrane domain of c-kit are associated with higher grade mast cell tumors in dogs. Veterinary Pathology, 39, 529-535.