Alterations in Some Biochemical Responses of Freshwater Mussels in Acute Imidacloprid Exposure

Year 2019, Volume: 9 Issue: 2, 213 - 229, 30.12.2019

Ertan Yoloğlu

https://doi.org/10.37094/adyujsci.563239

Abstract

Imidacloprid is a widely used systemic neonicotinoid
insecticide. The aim of this study is to identify potential harmful effects of
imidacloprid in freshwater mussels (Unio
mancus) which were exposed to sub-lethal concentrations (1, 10, 100, and 1000 µg AI L^-1)
for 96 h.
For this aim, glutathione s-transferase (GST) activity, carboxylesterase (CaE)
activity, acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity, glutathione reductase (GR) activity,
reduced glutathione (GSH) level, and malondialdehyde (MDA) level were evaluated
as biochemical markers of exposure in the gills and digestive glands. The
actual imidacloprid concentrations in the test waters were determined by
LC-MS/MS analysis. The results showed that the AChE, GR, and CaE activities in
the digestive glands significantly decreased at different exposure
concentrations, while the MDA level significantly increased at the highest
exposure concentration (p < 0.05).
Considering the results in the gills, the lowest exposure concentration caused
inhibition in AChE activity, while the highest exposure concentration caused
significant induction in GST activity, GSH level and MDA level (p < 0.05). In addition, the measured
imidacloprid concentrations were determined to be about 80% of the nominal
imidacloprid concentrations. The data obtained from this study indicated that
acute imidacloprid exposure caused biochemical alterations related to oxidative
stress in mussels.

Keywords

Imidacloprid, Oxidative stress, Freshwater mussel, Neurotoxicity, LC-MS/MS

Akut İmidacloprid Maruziyetinde Tatlı Su Midyelerinin Bazı Biyokimyasal Yanıtlarındaki Değişimler

Abstract

İmidacloprid
yaygın olarak kullanılan bir sistemik neonikotinoid insektisittir. Bu
çalışmanın amacı 96 saat süre ile imidaclopridin öldürücü olmayan
konsantrasyonlarına (1, 10, 100 ve 1000 µg AI L^-1) maruz kalan tatlı
su midyelerinde (Unio mancus) bu
insektisitin potansiyel zararlı etkilerini belirlemektir. Bu amaçla, tatlı su
midyelerinin solungaçlarında ve sindirim bezlerinde biyokimyasal belirteçler
olarak glutatyon s-transferaz (GST) aktivitesi, karboksilesteraz (CaE)
aktivitesi, asetilkolinesteraz (AChE) aktivitesi, glutatyon redüktaz (GR)
aktivitesi, redükte glutatyon (GSH) seviyesi ve malondialdehit (MDA) seviyesi değerlendirilmiştir.
Test sularındaki gerçek imidacloprid konsantrasyonları LC-MS/MS analizi ile
belirlenmiştir. Sonuçlar, sindirim bezlerindeki AChE, GR ve CaE aktivitelerinin
farklı maruziyet konsantrasyonlarında anlamlı olarak azaldığını, MDA
seviyesinin en yüksek maruziyet konsantrasyonunda anlamlı şekilde arttığını
göstermiştir (p < 0.05).
Solungaçlardaki sonuçlar göz önüne alındığında, en düşük maruziyet
konsantrasyonu AChE aktivitesinde inhibisyona neden olurken, en yüksek
maruziyet konsantrasyonu GST aktivitesinde, GSH seviyesinde ve MDA seviyesinde
önemli indüksiyona neden olmuştur (p
< 0.05). Ayrıca, ölçülen imidacloprid konsantrasyonlarının nominal
imidacloprid konsantrasyonlarının yaklaşık % 80'i düzeyinde olduğu
belirlenmiştir. Bu çalışmadan elde edilen veriler, akut imidacloprid
maruziyetinin midyelerde oksidatif stres ile ilgili biyokimyasal değişikliklere
neden olduğunu göstermiştir.

Keywords

İmidacloprid, Oksidatif stres, Tatlı su midyesi, Nörotoksisite, LC-MS/MS

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