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Comparison of Walnut (Juglans regia L.) and Olive (Olea europaea L.) Leaves in Terms of Antioxidant and Anti-inflammatory Activity

Year 2019, Volume: 9 Issue: 2, 242 - 251, 30.12.2019
https://doi.org/10.37094/adyujsci.586664

Abstract

Walnut and olive are consumed by people as food for many years. It is seen that not only fruits but also leaves are used among the people. In this study, walnut and olive leaves were compared in terms of antioxidant and anti-inflammatory capacity. DPPH and ABTS•+ free radical scavenging activity methods were used for determination antioxidant capacity. For an in vitro measure of anti-inflammatory activity, stabilization of human red blood cell membrane by heat induced membrane lysis was done. The results showed that walnut leaf extract had the highest antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity with IC50 values of 0.0530 mg mL-1 for DPPH radical scavenging activity; 0.0421mg mL-1 for ABTS radical scavenging activity and 0.3959 mg mL-1 for human red blood cell membrane stabilization capacity. It is thought that the difference in the activity levels of extracts may be owing to the several types and amounts of polyphenolic compounds.

References

  • [1] Yiğit, D., Yiğit, N., Aktaş, E., Özgen, U., Ceviz (Juglans regia L.)’in antimikrobiyal aktivitesi, Türk Mikrobiyoloji Cemiyeti Dergisi, 39(1-2), 7-11, 2009.
  • [2] Wang, X., Zhao, M., Su, G., Cai, M., Zhou, C., Huang, J., Lin, L., The antioxidant activities and the xanthine oxidase inhibition effects of walnut (Juglans regia L.) fruit, stem and leaf, Food Science and Technology, 50(1), 233-239, 2015.
  • [3] Harris, T.C., Georgalas, A., Cosmetic facial powder containing walnut shell flour, US Patent, 4,279,890, 1981.
  • [4] Aburjai, T., Natsheh, F.M., Plants used in cosmetics, Phytotherapy Research, 17(9), 987-1000, 2003.
  • [5] Erdemoğlu, N., Küpeli, E., Yeşilada E., Anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive activity assessment of plants used as remedy in Turkish folk medicine, Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 89(1), 123-129, 2003.
  • [6] Cosmulescu, S., Trandafir, I., Nour, V., Seasonal variation of the main individual phenolics and juglone in walnut (Juglans regia) leaves, Pharmaceutical Biology, 52(5), 575-580, 2013.
  • [7] Baldemir, A., Güvenç, A., Adana ve Ankara aktarlarında satılan ceviz yaprağı (Juglandis Folium) üzerinde morfolojik ve anatomik çalışmalar. Ankara Eczacılık Fakültesi Dergisi, 36(2), 105-121, 2007.
  • [8] Oliveira, I., Sousa. A., Ferreira, I., Bento, A., Estevinho, L., Pereira, J. A., Total phenols, antioxidant potential and antimicrobial activity of walnut (Juglans regia L.) green husks, Food and Chemical Toxicology, 46(7), 2326-2331, 2008.
  • [9] Pereira, J.A., Oliveira, I., Sousa, A., Ferreira, I., Bento, A., Estevinho, L., Bioactive properties and chemical composition of six walnut (Juglans regia L.) cultivars, Food and Chemical Toxicology, 46(6), 2103-2111, 2008.
  • [10] Pereira, J.A., Oliveira, I., Sousa, A., Valentao, P., Andrade, P.B., Ferrira, I. C.F.R., Ferreres, F., Bento, A., Seabra, R., Estevinho, L., Walnut (Juglans regia L.) leaves: Phenolic compounds, antibacterial activity and antioxidant potential of different cultivars, Food and Chemical Toxicology, 45(11), 2287-2295, 2007.
  • [11] Ebrahimi, S., Jamei, R., Nojoomi, F., Zamanian Z., Persian walnut composition and its importance in human health. International Journal of Enteric Pathogens, 6(1), 3-9, 2018.
  • [12] Turan, D., Kocahakimoğlu, C., Kavcar, P., Gaygısız, H., Atatanir, L., Turgut, C., Sofuoglu, S.C., The use of olive tree (Olea europaea L.) leaves as a bioindicator for environmental pollution in the province of Aydın, Turkey, Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 18(3), 355-364, 2011.
  • [13] Lee, O.H., Lee, B.Y., Antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of individual and combined phenolics in Olea europaea leaf extract, Bioresource Technology, 10(10), 3751-3754, 2010.
  • [14] Benavente-Garcia, O., Castillo, J., Lorente, J., Ortuño, A., Rio, J.A.D., Antioxidant activity of phenolics extracted from Olea europaea L. leaves, Food Chemistry, 68(4), 457-462, 2000.
  • [15] Sudjana, A.N., D’Orazio, C., Ryan V., Rasool, N., Ng J., Islam, N., Riley, T.V., Hammer, K.A., Antimicrobial activity of commercial Olea europaea (Olive) leaf extract, International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents, 33(5), 461-463, 2009.
  • [16] Kiritsakis, K., Goula, A.M., Adamopoulos, K.G., Greasopoulos, D., Valorization of olive leaves: Spray drying of olive leaf extract, Waste and Biomass Valorization, 9(4), 619-633, 2018.
  • [17] Blois, M.S., Antioxidant determination by the use of a stable free radical, Nature, 181(4617), 1199–1200, 1958.
  • [18] Okur, M.E., Polat, D.Ç., Özbek, H., Yılmaz, S., Yoltaş, A., Arslan, R., Evaluation of the antidiabetic property of Capparis ovata Desf. var. palaestina Zoh. extracts using in vivo and in vitro Approaches, Endocrine, Metabolic and Immune Disorders - Drug Targets, 18(5): 489-501, 2018.
  • [19] Re, R., Pellegrini, N., Proteggente, A., Pannala, A., Yang, M., Rice-Evans, C., Antioxidant activity applying an improved ABTS radical cation decolorization assay, Free Radical Biology and Medicine, 26(9–10): 1231-1237, 1999.
  • [20] Anosike, C.A., Obidoa, O., Ezeanyika, L.U., Membrane stabilization as a mechanism of the anti-inflammatory activity of methanol extract of garden egg (Solanum aethiopicum), DARU, 20(76), 1-7, 2012.
  • [21] Özcan, M.M., Some nutritional characteristics of fruit and oil of walnut (Juglans regia L.) growing in Turkey. Iranian Journal of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, 28(1), 57-62, 2009.
  • [22] Pereira, A.P., Ferrira, I.C. F.R., Marcelino, F., Valentao, P., Andrade, P.B., Seabra, R., Estevinho, L., Bento, A., Pereira, J.A., Phenolic compounds and antimicrobial activity of olive (Olea europaea L. Cv. Cobrançosa) leaves, Food and Chemical Toxicology, 12(5), 1153-1162, 2007.
  • [23] Baytop, T., Türkiye’de Bitkiler İle Tedavi (Geçmişte ve Bugün), Nobel Tıp Kitapevleri, İstanbul, 1999.
  • [24] Hürkul, M.M., Güvenç, A., Çeşitli illerimizde aktarlarda satılan zeytin yaprağı (Olive Leaf) üzerinde morfolojik ve anatomik çalışmalar. Mersin Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, 3(3), 21-29, 2010.
  • [25] Wang, H., Cao, G., Prior, R.L., Total antioxidant capacity of fruits, Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 44(3), 701-705, 1996.
  • [26] Van Vuuren, S.F., Viljoen, A.M., Ozek, T., Demirci, B., Başer, K.H.C., Seasonal and geographical variation of Heteropyxis natalensis essential oil and the effect thereof on the antimicrobial activity, South African Journal of Botany, 73(3), 441-448, 2007.
  • [27] Cicek Polat, D., Coskun, M., Quantitative determination of Icariin, Epimedin A, Epimedin B, and Epimedin C in Epimedium L. (Berberidaceae) species growing in Turkey by HPLC-DAD, Natural Product Communications, 11(11), 1665-1666, 2016.
  • [28] Cicek Polat, D., Eryılmaz, M., Akalın, K., Coskun, M., Antimicrobial activity of grapefruit seed, Hacettepe University Journal of the Faculty of Pharmacy, 38(1), 1-3, 2018.
  • [29] Haloui, E., Marzouk, B., Marzouk, Z., Bouraoui, A., Fenina, N., Hydroxytyrosol and oleuropein from Olive Leaves: Potent anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities, Journal of Food, Agriculture and Environment., 9(3), 128-133, 2011.

Ceviz (Juglans regia L.) ve Zeytin (Olea europaea L.) Yapraklarının Antioksidan ve Antiinflamatuvar Aktivite Açısından Karşılaştırılması

Year 2019, Volume: 9 Issue: 2, 242 - 251, 30.12.2019
https://doi.org/10.37094/adyujsci.586664

Abstract

Ceviz ve zeytin insanlar tarafından uzun yıllar boyunca gıda olarak tüketilmektedir. Sadece meyvelerinin yanı sıra yapraklarının da halk arasında kullanıldığı görülmektedir. Bu çalışmada ceviz ve zeytin yapraklarının antioksidan ve antiinflamatuvar açısından karşılaştırılması yapılmıştır. In-vitro antioksidan etkinliğin değerlendirilmesi amacıyla DPPHve ABTS•+ radikal süpürücü aktivite yöntemleri kullanılmıştır. In-vitro antiinflamatuvar aktivitenin belirlenebilmesi amacıyla ise ısının indüklemesi ile hemolize uğrayan kırmızı kan hücrelerinin membran stabilizasyonları değerlendirilmiştir. Çalışmamızın sonucunda, en yüksek antioksidan ve antiinflamatuvar aktivitenin ceviz yaprağı ekstresine ait olduğu bulunmuştur. IC50 değerleri DPPH serbest radikali süpürücü aktivite için 0.0530 mg mL-1; ABTS serbest radikali süpürücü aktivite için 0.0421 mg mL-1; insan kırmızı kan hücrelerinin membran stabilizasyon kapasitesi için 0.3959 mg mL-1 bulunmuştur. Aktivite düzeylerindeki farklılığın, ekstrelerin içerdikleri polifenolik bileşiklerin çeşitlerinin ve miktarlarının farklı olmasından kaynaklanabileceği düşünülmektedir.

References

  • [1] Yiğit, D., Yiğit, N., Aktaş, E., Özgen, U., Ceviz (Juglans regia L.)’in antimikrobiyal aktivitesi, Türk Mikrobiyoloji Cemiyeti Dergisi, 39(1-2), 7-11, 2009.
  • [2] Wang, X., Zhao, M., Su, G., Cai, M., Zhou, C., Huang, J., Lin, L., The antioxidant activities and the xanthine oxidase inhibition effects of walnut (Juglans regia L.) fruit, stem and leaf, Food Science and Technology, 50(1), 233-239, 2015.
  • [3] Harris, T.C., Georgalas, A., Cosmetic facial powder containing walnut shell flour, US Patent, 4,279,890, 1981.
  • [4] Aburjai, T., Natsheh, F.M., Plants used in cosmetics, Phytotherapy Research, 17(9), 987-1000, 2003.
  • [5] Erdemoğlu, N., Küpeli, E., Yeşilada E., Anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive activity assessment of plants used as remedy in Turkish folk medicine, Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 89(1), 123-129, 2003.
  • [6] Cosmulescu, S., Trandafir, I., Nour, V., Seasonal variation of the main individual phenolics and juglone in walnut (Juglans regia) leaves, Pharmaceutical Biology, 52(5), 575-580, 2013.
  • [7] Baldemir, A., Güvenç, A., Adana ve Ankara aktarlarında satılan ceviz yaprağı (Juglandis Folium) üzerinde morfolojik ve anatomik çalışmalar. Ankara Eczacılık Fakültesi Dergisi, 36(2), 105-121, 2007.
  • [8] Oliveira, I., Sousa. A., Ferreira, I., Bento, A., Estevinho, L., Pereira, J. A., Total phenols, antioxidant potential and antimicrobial activity of walnut (Juglans regia L.) green husks, Food and Chemical Toxicology, 46(7), 2326-2331, 2008.
  • [9] Pereira, J.A., Oliveira, I., Sousa, A., Ferreira, I., Bento, A., Estevinho, L., Bioactive properties and chemical composition of six walnut (Juglans regia L.) cultivars, Food and Chemical Toxicology, 46(6), 2103-2111, 2008.
  • [10] Pereira, J.A., Oliveira, I., Sousa, A., Valentao, P., Andrade, P.B., Ferrira, I. C.F.R., Ferreres, F., Bento, A., Seabra, R., Estevinho, L., Walnut (Juglans regia L.) leaves: Phenolic compounds, antibacterial activity and antioxidant potential of different cultivars, Food and Chemical Toxicology, 45(11), 2287-2295, 2007.
  • [11] Ebrahimi, S., Jamei, R., Nojoomi, F., Zamanian Z., Persian walnut composition and its importance in human health. International Journal of Enteric Pathogens, 6(1), 3-9, 2018.
  • [12] Turan, D., Kocahakimoğlu, C., Kavcar, P., Gaygısız, H., Atatanir, L., Turgut, C., Sofuoglu, S.C., The use of olive tree (Olea europaea L.) leaves as a bioindicator for environmental pollution in the province of Aydın, Turkey, Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 18(3), 355-364, 2011.
  • [13] Lee, O.H., Lee, B.Y., Antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of individual and combined phenolics in Olea europaea leaf extract, Bioresource Technology, 10(10), 3751-3754, 2010.
  • [14] Benavente-Garcia, O., Castillo, J., Lorente, J., Ortuño, A., Rio, J.A.D., Antioxidant activity of phenolics extracted from Olea europaea L. leaves, Food Chemistry, 68(4), 457-462, 2000.
  • [15] Sudjana, A.N., D’Orazio, C., Ryan V., Rasool, N., Ng J., Islam, N., Riley, T.V., Hammer, K.A., Antimicrobial activity of commercial Olea europaea (Olive) leaf extract, International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents, 33(5), 461-463, 2009.
  • [16] Kiritsakis, K., Goula, A.M., Adamopoulos, K.G., Greasopoulos, D., Valorization of olive leaves: Spray drying of olive leaf extract, Waste and Biomass Valorization, 9(4), 619-633, 2018.
  • [17] Blois, M.S., Antioxidant determination by the use of a stable free radical, Nature, 181(4617), 1199–1200, 1958.
  • [18] Okur, M.E., Polat, D.Ç., Özbek, H., Yılmaz, S., Yoltaş, A., Arslan, R., Evaluation of the antidiabetic property of Capparis ovata Desf. var. palaestina Zoh. extracts using in vivo and in vitro Approaches, Endocrine, Metabolic and Immune Disorders - Drug Targets, 18(5): 489-501, 2018.
  • [19] Re, R., Pellegrini, N., Proteggente, A., Pannala, A., Yang, M., Rice-Evans, C., Antioxidant activity applying an improved ABTS radical cation decolorization assay, Free Radical Biology and Medicine, 26(9–10): 1231-1237, 1999.
  • [20] Anosike, C.A., Obidoa, O., Ezeanyika, L.U., Membrane stabilization as a mechanism of the anti-inflammatory activity of methanol extract of garden egg (Solanum aethiopicum), DARU, 20(76), 1-7, 2012.
  • [21] Özcan, M.M., Some nutritional characteristics of fruit and oil of walnut (Juglans regia L.) growing in Turkey. Iranian Journal of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, 28(1), 57-62, 2009.
  • [22] Pereira, A.P., Ferrira, I.C. F.R., Marcelino, F., Valentao, P., Andrade, P.B., Seabra, R., Estevinho, L., Bento, A., Pereira, J.A., Phenolic compounds and antimicrobial activity of olive (Olea europaea L. Cv. Cobrançosa) leaves, Food and Chemical Toxicology, 12(5), 1153-1162, 2007.
  • [23] Baytop, T., Türkiye’de Bitkiler İle Tedavi (Geçmişte ve Bugün), Nobel Tıp Kitapevleri, İstanbul, 1999.
  • [24] Hürkul, M.M., Güvenç, A., Çeşitli illerimizde aktarlarda satılan zeytin yaprağı (Olive Leaf) üzerinde morfolojik ve anatomik çalışmalar. Mersin Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, 3(3), 21-29, 2010.
  • [25] Wang, H., Cao, G., Prior, R.L., Total antioxidant capacity of fruits, Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 44(3), 701-705, 1996.
  • [26] Van Vuuren, S.F., Viljoen, A.M., Ozek, T., Demirci, B., Başer, K.H.C., Seasonal and geographical variation of Heteropyxis natalensis essential oil and the effect thereof on the antimicrobial activity, South African Journal of Botany, 73(3), 441-448, 2007.
  • [27] Cicek Polat, D., Coskun, M., Quantitative determination of Icariin, Epimedin A, Epimedin B, and Epimedin C in Epimedium L. (Berberidaceae) species growing in Turkey by HPLC-DAD, Natural Product Communications, 11(11), 1665-1666, 2016.
  • [28] Cicek Polat, D., Eryılmaz, M., Akalın, K., Coskun, M., Antimicrobial activity of grapefruit seed, Hacettepe University Journal of the Faculty of Pharmacy, 38(1), 1-3, 2018.
  • [29] Haloui, E., Marzouk, B., Marzouk, Z., Bouraoui, A., Fenina, N., Hydroxytyrosol and oleuropein from Olive Leaves: Potent anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities, Journal of Food, Agriculture and Environment., 9(3), 128-133, 2011.
There are 29 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Structural Biology
Journal Section Biology
Authors

Derya Çiçek Polat 0000-0002-4331-6828

Sezen Yılmaz Sarıaltın This is me 0000-0002-1981-1781

Tülay Çoban 0000-0002-9264-9207

Maksut Coşkun 0000-0002-2055-0849

Publication Date December 30, 2019
Submission Date July 4, 2019
Acceptance Date December 18, 2019
Published in Issue Year 2019 Volume: 9 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Çiçek Polat, D., Yılmaz Sarıaltın, S., Çoban, T., Coşkun, M. (2019). Comparison of Walnut (Juglans regia L.) and Olive (Olea europaea L.) Leaves in Terms of Antioxidant and Anti-inflammatory Activity. Adıyaman University Journal of Science, 9(2), 242-251. https://doi.org/10.37094/adyujsci.586664
AMA Çiçek Polat D, Yılmaz Sarıaltın S, Çoban T, Coşkun M. Comparison of Walnut (Juglans regia L.) and Olive (Olea europaea L.) Leaves in Terms of Antioxidant and Anti-inflammatory Activity. ADYU J SCI. December 2019;9(2):242-251. doi:10.37094/adyujsci.586664
Chicago Çiçek Polat, Derya, Sezen Yılmaz Sarıaltın, Tülay Çoban, and Maksut Coşkun. “Comparison of Walnut (Juglans Regia L.) and Olive (Olea Europaea L.) Leaves in Terms of Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Activity”. Adıyaman University Journal of Science 9, no. 2 (December 2019): 242-51. https://doi.org/10.37094/adyujsci.586664.
EndNote Çiçek Polat D, Yılmaz Sarıaltın S, Çoban T, Coşkun M (December 1, 2019) Comparison of Walnut (Juglans regia L.) and Olive (Olea europaea L.) Leaves in Terms of Antioxidant and Anti-inflammatory Activity. Adıyaman University Journal of Science 9 2 242–251.
IEEE D. Çiçek Polat, S. Yılmaz Sarıaltın, T. Çoban, and M. Coşkun, “Comparison of Walnut (Juglans regia L.) and Olive (Olea europaea L.) Leaves in Terms of Antioxidant and Anti-inflammatory Activity”, ADYU J SCI, vol. 9, no. 2, pp. 242–251, 2019, doi: 10.37094/adyujsci.586664.
ISNAD Çiçek Polat, Derya et al. “Comparison of Walnut (Juglans Regia L.) and Olive (Olea Europaea L.) Leaves in Terms of Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Activity”. Adıyaman University Journal of Science 9/2 (December 2019), 242-251. https://doi.org/10.37094/adyujsci.586664.
JAMA Çiçek Polat D, Yılmaz Sarıaltın S, Çoban T, Coşkun M. Comparison of Walnut (Juglans regia L.) and Olive (Olea europaea L.) Leaves in Terms of Antioxidant and Anti-inflammatory Activity. ADYU J SCI. 2019;9:242–251.
MLA Çiçek Polat, Derya et al. “Comparison of Walnut (Juglans Regia L.) and Olive (Olea Europaea L.) Leaves in Terms of Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Activity”. Adıyaman University Journal of Science, vol. 9, no. 2, 2019, pp. 242-51, doi:10.37094/adyujsci.586664.
Vancouver Çiçek Polat D, Yılmaz Sarıaltın S, Çoban T, Coşkun M. Comparison of Walnut (Juglans regia L.) and Olive (Olea europaea L.) Leaves in Terms of Antioxidant and Anti-inflammatory Activity. ADYU J SCI. 2019;9(2):242-51.

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