Research Article
BibTex RIS Cite

Ameliyat Öncesi Perforatör Tayininde Dinamik İnfrared Termografi ve El Doplerinin Başarısının Karşılaştırılması

Year 2022, Volume: 55 Issue: 2, 99 - 102, 31.08.2022
https://doi.org/10.20492/aeahtd.1062311

Abstract

Amaç: Termografik görüntüleme, perforatör flep cerrahisinde ameliyat öncesi perforatör tayini için kullanılan farklı yöntemler arasında güncel bir seçenek olarak öne çıkmaktadır. Bu amaçla en sık kullanılan yöntem ise el dopleri ile muayenedir. Çalışmada farklı etiyolojiler sonucunda ortaya çıkan defektlerin onarımında kullanılan perforatör fleplerin perforatör tayininde, dinamik infrared termografi (DIRT) ve el dopleri ile muayene tekniklerinin başarılarının karşılaştırılması amaçlanmıştır.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Kliniğimizde Mayıs 2021 – Aralık 2021 tarihleri arasında perforatör flep cerrahisi gerçekleştirilen hastalara ait kayıtlar retrospektif olarak incelendi. Tüm hastaların el dopleri ve termal görüntüleme ile yapılan işaretlemeleri ve ameliyat içi bulguları değerlendirildi.
Bulgular: Toplam 11 hastanın %54,5‘inde etiyoloji travma, %36,3‘ünde tümör rezeksiyonu ve %9,2‘sinde yanıktı. Rekonstrüksiyon amacıyla iki hastada medial sural arter perforatör flebi, dört hastada anterolateral uyluk flebi, iki hastada süperfisiyel radial arter perforatör flebi, bir hastada hipotenar serbest flep, bir hastada anterior tibial arter perforatör flebi ve bir hastada derin inferior epigastrik arter perforatör flebi kullanıldı. Ameliyat öncesinde el dopleri ile 11 perforatör sinyali tespit edildi, DIRT ile 19 perforatör lokalize edildi ve ameliyat sırasında toplam 20 perforatör ile karşılaşıldı. Bu perforatörlerin %55’i el dopleri ile işaretlenen perforatörler iken, %95’i DIRT ile tespit edilen perforatörlerdi. İki yöntemin ameliyat öncesi perforatör lokalize etmedeki başarıları arasındaki fark istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bulundu (p=0.005). Komplikasyon olarak hastaların yalnızca birinde ameliyat sonrası üçüncü günde gelişen kompresyon sebepli venöz tromboz ile karşılaşıldı.
Tartışma: Perforatör flep cerrahisinde başarı için en önemli basamaklardan biri perforatörün lokalizasyonunun ameliyat öncesinde doğru şekilde tespit edilebilmesidir. Bu amaçla kullanılan yöntemler içerisinde termografi güncel ve güvenilir bir yöntem olarak öne çıkmaktadır. Dinamik görüntüleme kullanılarak değerlendirmede başarı artırılabilir. El dopleri ile karşılaşılan yanlış pozitiflikler nedeniyle yerine termografi tercih edilebilir.
Sonuç: Perforatör flep cerrahisinde ameliyat öncesi perforatör seçiminde dinamik infrared termografiye izin veren akıllı telefon uyumlu termal kameraların kullanılması, el dopleri ile yapılan değerlendirmelerden daha başarılı sonuç vermektedir.

References

  • Referans1 Koshima I, Soeda S. Inferior epigastric artery skin flaps without rectus abdominis muscle. Br J Plast Surg. 1989;42(6):645-8.
  • Referans2 Pratt GF, Rozen WM, Chubb D, Ashton MW, Alonso-Burgos A, Whitaker IS. Preoperative imaging for perforator flaps in reconstructive surgery: a systematic review of the evidence for current techniques. Ann Plast Surg. 2012;69(1):3-9.
  • Referans 3 Stekelenburg CM, Sonneveld PM, Bouman MB, van der Wal MB, Knol DL, de Vet HC, et al. The hand held Doppler device for the detection of perforators in reconstructive surgery: what you hear is not always what you get. Burns. 2014;40(8):1702-6.
  • Referans 4 Yu P, Youssef A. Efficacy of the handheld Doppler in preoperative identification of the cutaneous perforators in the anterolateral thigh flap. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2006;118(4):928-33.
  • Referans 5 González Martínez J, Torres Pérez A, Gijón Vega M, Nuñez-Villaveiran T. Preoperative Vascular Planning of Free Flaps: Comparative Study of Computed Tomographic Angiography, Color Doppler Ultrasonography, and Hand-Held Doppler. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2020;146(2):227-37.
  • Referans 6 Hallock GG. Smartphone Thermal Imaging Can Enable the Safer Use of Propeller Flaps. Semin Plast Surg. 2020;34(3):161-4.
  • Referans 7 John HE, Niumsawatt V, Rozen WM, Whitaker IS. Clinical applications of dynamic infrared thermography in plastic surgery: a systematic review. Gland Surg. 2016;5(2):122-32.
  • Referans 8 de Weerd L, Mercer JB, Weum S. Dynamic infrared thermography. Clin Plast Surg. 2011;38(2):277-92.
  • Referans 9 Illg C, Krauss S, Rothenberger J, Kolbenschlag J, Daigeler A, Schäfer RC. Air Flow Cooling Improves Anterolateral Thigh Perforator Mapping Using the FLIR ONE Thermal Camera. J Reconstr Microsurg. 2021.
  • Referans 10 Hardwicke JT, Osmani O, Skillman JM. Detection of Perforators Using Smartphone Thermal Imaging. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2016;137(1):39-41.
  • Referans 11 Pereira N, Valenzuela D, Mangelsdorff G, Kufeke M, Roa R. Detection of Perforators for Free Flap Planning Using Smartphone Thermal Imaging: A Concordance Study with Computed Tomographic Angiography in 120 Perforators. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2018;141(3):787-92.
  • Referans 12 Wei FC, Mardini S. Free-style free flaps. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2004;114(4):910-6.
  • Referans 13 Ono S, Hayashi H, Ohi H, Ogawa R. Imaging Studies for Preoperative Planning of Perforator Flaps: An Overview. Clin Plast Surg. 2017;44(1):21-30.
  • Referans 14 Rozen WM, Phillips TJ, Ashton MW, Stella DL, Gibson RN, Taylor GI. Preoperative imaging for DIEA perforator flaps: a comparative study of computed tomographic angiography and Doppler ultrasound. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2008;121(1):9-16.
  • Referans 15 Cruz-Segura A, Cruz-Domínguez MP, Jara LJ, Miliar-García Á, Hernández-Soler A, Grajeda-López P, et al. Early Detection of Vascular Obstruction in Microvascular Flaps Using a Thermographic Camera. J Reconstr Microsurg. 2019;35(7):541-8.
  • Referans 16 Unger M, Markfort M, Halama D, Chalopin C. Automatic detection of perforator vessels using infrared thermography in reconstructive surgery. Int J Comput Assist Radiol Surg. 2019;14(3):501-7.
  • Referans 17 de Weerd L, Mercer JB, Weum S. Static Versus Dynamic Infrared Thermography in Perforator Mapping. Ann Plast Surg. 2021;86(6):733-4.
  • Referans 18 Tenorio X, Mahajan AL, Elias B, van Riempst JS, Wettstein R, Harder Y, et al. Locating perforator vessels by dynamic infrared imaging and flow Doppler with no thermal cold challenge. Ann Plast Surg. 2011;67(2):143-6.
  • Referans 19 Chubb DP, Taylor GI, Ashton MW. True and 'choke' anastomoses between perforator angiosomes: part II. dynamic thermographic identification. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2013;132(6):1457-64.
  • Referans 20 Taylor GI, Corlett RJ, Ashton MW. The Functional Angiosome: Clinical Implications of the Anatomical Concept. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2017;140(4):721-33.
  • Referans 21 Zenn MR. Fluorescent angiography. Clin Plast Surg. 2011;38(2):293-300.
  • Referans 22 Hembd AS, Yan J, Zhu H, Haddock NT, Teotia SS. Intraoperative Assessment of DIEP Flap Breast Reconstruction Using Indocyanine Green Angiography: Reduction of Fat Necrosis, Resection Volumes, and Postoperative Surveillance. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2020;146(1):1e-10e.
  • Referans 23 Phillips CJ, Barron MR, Kuckelman J, Derickson M, Sohn VY, Paige KT, et al. Mobile Smartphone Thermal Imaging Characterization and Identification of Microvascular Flow Insufficiencies in Deep Inferior Epigastric Artery Perforator Free Flaps. J Surg Res. 2021;261:394-9.
  • Referans 24 Konczalik W, Nikkhah D, Mosahebi A. Applications of Smartphone thermal camera imaging system in monitoring of the deep inferior epigastric perforator flap for breast reconstruction. Microsurgery. 2017;37(5):457-8
Year 2022, Volume: 55 Issue: 2, 99 - 102, 31.08.2022
https://doi.org/10.20492/aeahtd.1062311

Abstract

References

  • Referans1 Koshima I, Soeda S. Inferior epigastric artery skin flaps without rectus abdominis muscle. Br J Plast Surg. 1989;42(6):645-8.
  • Referans2 Pratt GF, Rozen WM, Chubb D, Ashton MW, Alonso-Burgos A, Whitaker IS. Preoperative imaging for perforator flaps in reconstructive surgery: a systematic review of the evidence for current techniques. Ann Plast Surg. 2012;69(1):3-9.
  • Referans 3 Stekelenburg CM, Sonneveld PM, Bouman MB, van der Wal MB, Knol DL, de Vet HC, et al. The hand held Doppler device for the detection of perforators in reconstructive surgery: what you hear is not always what you get. Burns. 2014;40(8):1702-6.
  • Referans 4 Yu P, Youssef A. Efficacy of the handheld Doppler in preoperative identification of the cutaneous perforators in the anterolateral thigh flap. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2006;118(4):928-33.
  • Referans 5 González Martínez J, Torres Pérez A, Gijón Vega M, Nuñez-Villaveiran T. Preoperative Vascular Planning of Free Flaps: Comparative Study of Computed Tomographic Angiography, Color Doppler Ultrasonography, and Hand-Held Doppler. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2020;146(2):227-37.
  • Referans 6 Hallock GG. Smartphone Thermal Imaging Can Enable the Safer Use of Propeller Flaps. Semin Plast Surg. 2020;34(3):161-4.
  • Referans 7 John HE, Niumsawatt V, Rozen WM, Whitaker IS. Clinical applications of dynamic infrared thermography in plastic surgery: a systematic review. Gland Surg. 2016;5(2):122-32.
  • Referans 8 de Weerd L, Mercer JB, Weum S. Dynamic infrared thermography. Clin Plast Surg. 2011;38(2):277-92.
  • Referans 9 Illg C, Krauss S, Rothenberger J, Kolbenschlag J, Daigeler A, Schäfer RC. Air Flow Cooling Improves Anterolateral Thigh Perforator Mapping Using the FLIR ONE Thermal Camera. J Reconstr Microsurg. 2021.
  • Referans 10 Hardwicke JT, Osmani O, Skillman JM. Detection of Perforators Using Smartphone Thermal Imaging. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2016;137(1):39-41.
  • Referans 11 Pereira N, Valenzuela D, Mangelsdorff G, Kufeke M, Roa R. Detection of Perforators for Free Flap Planning Using Smartphone Thermal Imaging: A Concordance Study with Computed Tomographic Angiography in 120 Perforators. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2018;141(3):787-92.
  • Referans 12 Wei FC, Mardini S. Free-style free flaps. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2004;114(4):910-6.
  • Referans 13 Ono S, Hayashi H, Ohi H, Ogawa R. Imaging Studies for Preoperative Planning of Perforator Flaps: An Overview. Clin Plast Surg. 2017;44(1):21-30.
  • Referans 14 Rozen WM, Phillips TJ, Ashton MW, Stella DL, Gibson RN, Taylor GI. Preoperative imaging for DIEA perforator flaps: a comparative study of computed tomographic angiography and Doppler ultrasound. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2008;121(1):9-16.
  • Referans 15 Cruz-Segura A, Cruz-Domínguez MP, Jara LJ, Miliar-García Á, Hernández-Soler A, Grajeda-López P, et al. Early Detection of Vascular Obstruction in Microvascular Flaps Using a Thermographic Camera. J Reconstr Microsurg. 2019;35(7):541-8.
  • Referans 16 Unger M, Markfort M, Halama D, Chalopin C. Automatic detection of perforator vessels using infrared thermography in reconstructive surgery. Int J Comput Assist Radiol Surg. 2019;14(3):501-7.
  • Referans 17 de Weerd L, Mercer JB, Weum S. Static Versus Dynamic Infrared Thermography in Perforator Mapping. Ann Plast Surg. 2021;86(6):733-4.
  • Referans 18 Tenorio X, Mahajan AL, Elias B, van Riempst JS, Wettstein R, Harder Y, et al. Locating perforator vessels by dynamic infrared imaging and flow Doppler with no thermal cold challenge. Ann Plast Surg. 2011;67(2):143-6.
  • Referans 19 Chubb DP, Taylor GI, Ashton MW. True and 'choke' anastomoses between perforator angiosomes: part II. dynamic thermographic identification. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2013;132(6):1457-64.
  • Referans 20 Taylor GI, Corlett RJ, Ashton MW. The Functional Angiosome: Clinical Implications of the Anatomical Concept. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2017;140(4):721-33.
  • Referans 21 Zenn MR. Fluorescent angiography. Clin Plast Surg. 2011;38(2):293-300.
  • Referans 22 Hembd AS, Yan J, Zhu H, Haddock NT, Teotia SS. Intraoperative Assessment of DIEP Flap Breast Reconstruction Using Indocyanine Green Angiography: Reduction of Fat Necrosis, Resection Volumes, and Postoperative Surveillance. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2020;146(1):1e-10e.
  • Referans 23 Phillips CJ, Barron MR, Kuckelman J, Derickson M, Sohn VY, Paige KT, et al. Mobile Smartphone Thermal Imaging Characterization and Identification of Microvascular Flow Insufficiencies in Deep Inferior Epigastric Artery Perforator Free Flaps. J Surg Res. 2021;261:394-9.
  • Referans 24 Konczalik W, Nikkhah D, Mosahebi A. Applications of Smartphone thermal camera imaging system in monitoring of the deep inferior epigastric perforator flap for breast reconstruction. Microsurgery. 2017;37(5):457-8
There are 24 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Clinical Sciences
Journal Section Original research article
Authors

Gökhan Sert 0000-0002-8005-5049

Publication Date August 31, 2022
Submission Date January 25, 2022
Published in Issue Year 2022 Volume: 55 Issue: 2

Cite

AMA Sert G. Ameliyat Öncesi Perforatör Tayininde Dinamik İnfrared Termografi ve El Doplerinin Başarısının Karşılaştırılması. Ankara Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi Tıp Dergisi. August 2022;55(2):99-102. doi:10.20492/aeahtd.1062311