İç Ortam Hava Kirliliğinde Üçüncü El Sigara Dumanı Farkındalığı: Aktif İçicilikten Pasif Maruziyete

Year 2023, , 260 - 268, 20.12.2023

Yeliz Mercan , Merve Dönmez , Nüket Pancar

https://doi.org/10.46332/aemj.1225726

Abstract

Amaç: Bu araştırmada aktif olarak sigara kullanıcısı olan ve pasif olarak sigara dumanına maruz kalan yetişkinlerin iç ortamlarda maruz kaldığı üçüncü el sigara dumanına yönelik farkındalık düzeyinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır.

Araçlar ve Yöntem: Kesitsel tipteki bu araştırma çevrimiçi olarak Türkiye’de yaşayan, 18 yaş ve üzeri 367 yetişkin ile yürütülmüştür. Veriler araştırmacılar tarafından hazırlanan Kişisel Bilgi Formu ve Üçüncü El Sigara Dumanı Hakkında Farkındalık (ÜESDF) Ölçeği ile toplanmıştır.

Bulgular: Katılımcıların yaş ortalaması 35.74±12.48’dir, %62.7’si kadındır. Katılımcıların %34.6’sı halen sigara içmekte iken, %13.6’sı sigarayı bırakmıştır ve %51.8’i hiç sigara içmemiştir. Aynı evde birlikte yaşadığı kişilerin halen sigara içtiğini, sigarayı bıraktığını ve hiç içmediğini belirten katılımcıların oranı sırasıyla %41.7, %8.4 ve %49.9’dur. Çok değişkenli doğrusal regresyon analizine göre halen sigara içme durumunun sağlık etkileri ve üçüncü el sigara dumanı hakkında farkındalığın negatif bir yordayıcısı olduğu saptanmıştır (p=0.002).

Sonuç: Halen sigara içen katılımcıların hem üçüncü el sigara dumanı farkındalık düzeyi hem de sağlık etkileri hakkında farkındalıkları sigara içmeyenlere veya sigarayı bırakanlara göre düşük düzeydedir.

Keywords

Farkındalık, aktif içicilik, ikinci el içicilik, pasif maruziyet, tütün

Supporting Institution

yok

Project Number

yok

Third-Hand Smoke Awareness in Indoor Air Pollution: From Active Smoking to Passive Exposure

Abstract

Purpose: In the present study, the purpose was to determine the level of awareness of third-hand smoke exposure of adults who are active smokers and passively exposed to cigarette smoke in indoor settings.

Metarials and Methods: This descriptive study was conducted online with 367 adults aged 18 years and over living in Turkey. The data were collected using the Personal Information Form that was prepared by the researchers and the Awareness of Third-Hand Smoke (ATHS) Scale.

Results: A total of 62.7% of the study group, whose mean age was 35.74±12.48 years, were women, 34.6% were still smoking, 13.6% had quit, and 51.8% had never smoked. A total of 41.7% of the participants who were living together in the same house were still smoking, 8.4% had quit smoking, and 49.9% had never smoked. A negative and statistically significant association was detected between the total scores of the ATHS Scale and current smokers (p=0.002). A negative and statistically significant association was also detected between the health effects sub-dimension scores of the ATHS Scale and current smokers (p=0.002).

Conclusion: Current smokers had lower awareness of third-hand smoke and its health effects when compared to non-smokers or former smokers.

Keywords

active smoking, awareness, second-hand smoking, passive exposure, tobacco

Project Number

yok

References

• 1. TÜSEB. Dünya Tütünsüz Günü. 2021. https://www.tuseb.gov.tr/tuhke/uploads/genel/files/dunya_tutunsuz_gunu.pdf. Accessed 2 November, 2022.
• 2. WHO. Tobacco. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/tobacco. Accessed 2 November, 2022.
• 3. Chaffee BW, Couch ET, Vora MV., Holliday RS. Oral and periodontal implications of tobacco and nicotine products. Periodontol 2000. 2021;87(1):241-253.
• 4. WHO. Tobacco Exposed - Poisoning our planet and a key driver for the TB epidemic. https://www.who.int/news/item/31-05-2022-tobacco-exposed---poisoning-our-planet-and-a-key-driver-for-the-tb-epidemic. Accessed 2 November, 2022.
• 5. Wu JX, Lau ATY, Xu YM. Indoor Secondary Pollutants Cannot Be Ignored: Third-Hand Smoke. Toxics. 2022;10(7):363.
• 6. Matt GE, Quintana PJE, Zakarian JM, et al. When smokers quit: exposure to nicotine and carcinogens persists from thirdhand smoke pollution. Tob Control. 2017;26(5):548-556.
• 7. Quispe-Cristóbal B, Lidón-Moyano C, Martín-Sánchez JC, et al. Knowledge and Opinions of Healthcare Professionals about Thirdhand Smoke: A Multi-National, Cross-Sectional Study. Healthcare. 2022;10(5): 945.
• 8. Kuo HW, Rees VW. Third-hand smoke (THS): What is it and what should we do about it? Journal of the Formosan Medical Association. 2019;118(11):1478-1479.
• 9. Haardörfer R, Berg CJ, Escoffery C, Bundy ŁT, Hovell M, Kegler MC. Development of a scale assessing Beliefs About ThirdHand Smoke (BATHS). Tobacco Induced Diseases. 2017;15(4):1-8.
• 10. Önal Ö, Evcil FY, Eroğlu HN, Kişioğlu AN. Üçüncü El Sigara Dumanı Hakkında Farkındalık Ölçeği Türkçe Formunun Geçerlik ve Güvenirlik Çalışması. Med J SDU. 2021;28(3):499-506.
• 11. Odacı N, Kitiş Y. Üçüncü El Sigara Dumanına Yönelik İnançlar Ölçeğinin Türkçe Geçerlik ve Güvenirlik Çalışması. Hacettepe Üniversitesi Hemşirelik Fakültesi Dergisi, 2021;8(3):269-276.
• 12. TÜİK. Türkiye Sağlık Araştırması-2019. https://data.tuik.gov.tr/Bulten/Index?p=Turkey-Health-Survey-2019-33661. Accessed 2 November, 2022.
• 13. Tanrıkulu AÇ, Çarman KB, Palancı Y, Çetin D, Karaca M. The Prevalence of Cigarette Smoking among University Students in Kars and Risk Factors. Turk Thorac J. 2009;10(3):101-106.
• 14. Özcan L. Determination of Third-Hand Smoke Beliefs and Related Factors of Workers Working in a Machinery Factory in Eskişehir. Medical Speciality Thesis. Eskişehir Osmangazi University; 2022. https://tez.yok.gov.tr/UlusalTezMerkezi/tezSorguSonucYeni.jsp. Accessed 17 November, 2022.
• 15. Kıvanç Terzi N. Evaluation of Family Physicians’ Beliefs and Attitudes about Third-Hand Smoke. Specialty Thesis. Harran University; 2021. https://tez.yok.gov.tr/UlusalTezMerkezi/tezSorguSonucYeni.jsp. Accessed 17 November, 2022.
• 16. Üçüncü E. Okul Öncesi Dönem Pediatrik Hastaların Ebeveynlerinin Sağlık Algıları Ve Üçüncü El Sigara Dumanı Hakkındaki Inanışlarının Değerlendirilmesi. Necmettin Erbakan Üniversitesi; 2022. https://acikerisim.erbakan.edu.tr/xmlui/handle/20.500.12452/8639. Accessed 3 November, 2022.
• 17. CDC. Current Cigarette Smoking Among Adults in the United States. Published 2022. https://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/data_statistics/fact_sheets/adult_data/cig_smoking/index.htm. Accessed 3 November, 2022.
• 18. Yeşiloğlu R, Annakkaya AN, Kalkanlı N, Karataş N, Balbay Ö, Arbak P. Akciğer Kanseri Semptom Taramasının Sigara Bıraktırmadaki Rolü. Value in Health Sciences. 2022;12(1):52-57.
• 19. Chen JJ, Ho SY, Wang MP, Lam TH. Reactions to Thirdhand Smoke are Associated with Openness to Smoking in Young Never Smoking Children. J Community Health. 2016;41(3):461-467.
• 20. Shehab K, Ziyab AH. Beliefs of parents in Kuwait about thirdhand smoke and its relation to home smoking rules: A cross-sectional study. Tob Induc Dis. 2021;19(66):1-13.
• 21. Xie Z, Chen M, Fu Z, et al. Thirdhand smoke beliefs and behaviors among families of primary school children in Shanghai. Tob Induc Dis. 2021;19(10):1-10.
• 22. Drehmer JE, Ossip DJ, Rigotti NA, et al. Pediatrician Interventions and Thirdhand Smoke Beliefs of Parents. Am J Prev Med. 2012;43(5):533-536.
• 23. Darlow SD, Heckman CJ, Munshi T, Collins BN. Thirdhand Smoke Beliefs and Behaviors among Healthcare Professionals. Psychol Health Med. 2017;22(4):415-424.
• 24. Delgado-Rendon A, Cruz TB, Soto D, Baezconde-Garbanati L, Unger JB. Second and Thirdhand Smoke Exposure, Attitudes and Protective Practices: Results from a Survey of Hispanic Residents in Multi-unit Housing. J Immigr Minor Health. 2017;19(5):1148-1155.
• 25. Yücel MO. Knowledge, Attitude and Behavior of Patients Applying to Family Medicine Outpatient Clinic and Tobacco Addiction Treatment Outpatient Clinic About Thirdhand Smoke. Medical Speciality Thesis. University of Health Sciences; 2021. https://tez.yok.gov.tr/UlusalTezMerkezi/tezSorguSonucYeni.jsp. Accessed 17 November, 2022.
• 26. Roberts C, Wagler G, Carr MM. Environmental Tobacco Smoke: Public Perception of Risks of Exposing Children to Second- and Third-Hand Tobacco Smoke. J Pediatr Health Care. 2017;31(1):e7-e13.
• 27. Díez-Izquierdo A, Cassanello P, Cartanyà A, Matilla-Santander N, Balaguer Santamaria A, Martinez-Sanchez JM. Knowledge and attitudes toward thirdhand smoke among parents with children under 3 years in Spain. Pediatr Res. 2018;84(5):645-649.
• 28. Record RA, Greiner LH, Wipfli H, et al. Evaluation of a Social Media Campaign Designed to Increase Awareness of Thirdhand Smoke among California Adults. Health Commun. 2023;38(3):437-446.
• 29. Rosen L, Kostjukovsky I. Parental risk perceptions of child exposure to tobacco smoke. BMC Public Health. 2015;15(1):1-11.
• 30. Myers V, Shiloh S, Rosen L. Parental perceptions of children’s exposure to tobacco smoke: development and validation of a new measure. BMC Public Health. 2018;18(1):1-11.
• 31. Escoffery C, Bundy L, Carvalho M, et al. Third-hand smoke as a potential intervention message for promoting smoke-free homes in low-income communities. Health Educ Res. 2013;28(5):923-930.