Case Report
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An Endometrial Stromal Tumor with Extensive Smooth Muscle Differentiation, Collagenous Rosettes and Focal Fibromyxoid Change: Case Report and Diagnostic Pitfalls

Year 2025, Volume: 9 Issue: 3, 403 - 407, 22.12.2025
https://doi.org/10.46332/aemj.1644066

Abstract

Endometrial stromal tumors (ESTs) are the second most common type of uterine mesenchymal tumors and endometrial stromal nodule (ESN) is a benign neoplasm within this category. ESNs can exhibit smooth muscle differentiation, epithelial patterns, or fibromyxoid stroma, which can complicate differential diagnosis. In this report, we present a rare case of ESN with featuring extensive smooth muscle differentiation and focal myxoid areas. Grossly, the tumor was intramural, well-circumscribed, and cystic. Histologically, the
tumor consisted of cellular areas, myxoid areas, and extensive collagen roset formation. Immunohistochemical analysis showed that, the tumor cells were diffusely positive for B-catenin and WT-1, focally positive for CD56, smooth muscle marker, CAM5.2, PanCK and CD10. ESN with smooth muscle differentiation and collagenous rosettes should be considered in the differential diagnosis of intracavitary and intramural uterine mesenchymal tumors. Both fibromyxoid stroma and extensive smooth muscle differentiation have been documented in ESNs. Recognizing this morphologic variant of ESN is crucial for accurate tumor classification.

Ethical Statement

Informed consent was obtained from the patient.

References

  • 1. Höhn AK, Brambs CE, Hiller GGR, May D, Schmoeckel E, Horn LC. 2020 WHO classification of female genital tumors. Geburtshilfe Frauenheilkd. 2021;81(10):1145-1153.
  • 2. Kolson Kokohaare E, Strauss DC, Jones RL, Thway K. Endometrial Stromal Sarcoma With Hyalinizing Giant Rosettes, Mimicking Low-Grade Fibromyxoid Sarcoma. Int J Surg Pathol. 2018;26(6):525-527.
  • 3. Fdili Alaoui FZ, Chaara H, Bouguern H et al. Endometrial stromal nodule: report of a case. Case Rep Med. 2011;2011(1):260647.
  • 4. Dionigi A, Oliva E, Clement PB et al. Endometrial stromal nodules and endometrial stromal tumors with limited infiltration: a clinicopathologic study of 50 cases. Am J Surg Pathol. 2002;26(5):567-581.
  • 5. Lloreta J, Prat J. Endometrial stromal nodule with smooth and skeletal muscle components simulating stromal sarcoma. Int J Gynecol Pathol. 1992;11(4): 293-298.
  • 6. Mohamed M, Fisher C, Thway K. Low-grade fibromyxoid sarcoma: Clinical, morphologic and genetic features. Ann Diagn Pathol. 2017;28:60-67.

Yaygın Düz Kas Farklılaşması, Kollajen Rozetler ve Fokal Fibromiksoid Değişiklikler İçeren Bir Endometriyal Stromal Tümör: Olgu Sunumu ve Tanısal Tuzaklar

Year 2025, Volume: 9 Issue: 3, 403 - 407, 22.12.2025
https://doi.org/10.46332/aemj.1644066

Abstract

Endometriyal stromal tümörler (EST'ler) uterin mezenkimal tümörler içerisinde 2. sıklıkta görülür ve endometrial stromal nodül (ESN) bu grup içerisindeki benign neoplazmıdır. ESN, düz kas diferansiyasyonu, epitelyal paternler veya fibromiksoid stroma içerebilir, bu da ayırıcı tanıyı zorlaştırır. Burada, yaygın düz kas farklılaşması ve fokal miksoid alanlar içeren nadir bir ESN olgusu sunulmaktadır. Makroskopik olarak, tümör intramural, iyi sınırlı ve kistikti. Histolojik olarak, tümör selüler alanlar, miksoid odaklar içermekteydi ve yaygın kollajen rozet formasyonları oluşuyordu. İmmünohistokimyasal olarak, tümör hücreleri B-katenin ve WT-1 için yaygın pozitif; CD56, düz kas belirteçleri, epitelyal belirteçler ve CD10 için fokal pozitifti. Düz kas farklılaşması ve kollajenöz rozetler içeren ESN, intrakaviter ve intramural uterin mezenkimal tümörlerin ayırıcı tanısında düşünülmelidir. ESN'de fibromiksoid stroma ve yaygın düz kas farklılaşması tanımlanmıştır. ESN'nin bu morfolojik varyantının bilinmesi doğru tümör sınıflandırması için önemlidir.

Ethical Statement

Hastadan aydınlatılmış onam alınmıştır.

References

  • 1. Höhn AK, Brambs CE, Hiller GGR, May D, Schmoeckel E, Horn LC. 2020 WHO classification of female genital tumors. Geburtshilfe Frauenheilkd. 2021;81(10):1145-1153.
  • 2. Kolson Kokohaare E, Strauss DC, Jones RL, Thway K. Endometrial Stromal Sarcoma With Hyalinizing Giant Rosettes, Mimicking Low-Grade Fibromyxoid Sarcoma. Int J Surg Pathol. 2018;26(6):525-527.
  • 3. Fdili Alaoui FZ, Chaara H, Bouguern H et al. Endometrial stromal nodule: report of a case. Case Rep Med. 2011;2011(1):260647.
  • 4. Dionigi A, Oliva E, Clement PB et al. Endometrial stromal nodules and endometrial stromal tumors with limited infiltration: a clinicopathologic study of 50 cases. Am J Surg Pathol. 2002;26(5):567-581.
  • 5. Lloreta J, Prat J. Endometrial stromal nodule with smooth and skeletal muscle components simulating stromal sarcoma. Int J Gynecol Pathol. 1992;11(4): 293-298.
  • 6. Mohamed M, Fisher C, Thway K. Low-grade fibromyxoid sarcoma: Clinical, morphologic and genetic features. Ann Diagn Pathol. 2017;28:60-67.
There are 6 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Pathology
Journal Section Case Report
Authors

Hale Kivrak 0000-0002-1637-7553

Elçin Kadan This is me 0000-0002-8006-0972

Vildan Altahhan This is me 0000-0002-1792-8708

Özhan Özdemir 0000-0002-0930-775X

Önder Bozdoğan 0000-0002-2917-6646

Submission Date February 20, 2025
Acceptance Date May 26, 2025
Publication Date December 22, 2025
Published in Issue Year 2025 Volume: 9 Issue: 3

Cite

APA Kivrak, H., Kadan, E., Altahhan, V., Özdemir, Ö., & Bozdoğan, Ö. (2025). An Endometrial Stromal Tumor with Extensive Smooth Muscle Differentiation, Collagenous Rosettes and Focal Fibromyxoid Change: Case Report and Diagnostic Pitfalls. Ahi Evran Medical Journal, 9(3), 403-407. https://doi.org/10.46332/aemj.1644066
AMA 1.Kivrak H, Kadan E, Altahhan V, Özdemir Ö, Bozdoğan Ö. An Endometrial Stromal Tumor with Extensive Smooth Muscle Differentiation, Collagenous Rosettes and Focal Fibromyxoid Change: Case Report and Diagnostic Pitfalls. Ahi Evran Med J. 2025;9(3):403-407. doi:10.46332/aemj.1644066
Chicago Kivrak, Hale, Elçin Kadan, Vildan Altahhan, Özhan Özdemir, and Önder Bozdoğan. 2025. “An Endometrial Stromal Tumor With Extensive Smooth Muscle Differentiation, Collagenous Rosettes and Focal Fibromyxoid Change: Case Report and Diagnostic Pitfalls”. Ahi Evran Medical Journal 9 (3): 403-7. https://doi.org/10.46332/aemj.1644066.
EndNote Kivrak H, Kadan E, Altahhan V, Özdemir Ö, Bozdoğan Ö (December 1, 2025) An Endometrial Stromal Tumor with Extensive Smooth Muscle Differentiation, Collagenous Rosettes and Focal Fibromyxoid Change: Case Report and Diagnostic Pitfalls. Ahi Evran Medical Journal 9 3 403–407.
IEEE [1]H. Kivrak, E. Kadan, V. Altahhan, Ö. Özdemir, and Ö. Bozdoğan, “An Endometrial Stromal Tumor with Extensive Smooth Muscle Differentiation, Collagenous Rosettes and Focal Fibromyxoid Change: Case Report and Diagnostic Pitfalls”, Ahi Evran Med J, vol. 9, no. 3, pp. 403–407, Dec. 2025, doi: 10.46332/aemj.1644066.
ISNAD Kivrak, Hale - Kadan, Elçin - Altahhan, Vildan - Özdemir, Özhan - Bozdoğan, Önder. “An Endometrial Stromal Tumor With Extensive Smooth Muscle Differentiation, Collagenous Rosettes and Focal Fibromyxoid Change: Case Report and Diagnostic Pitfalls”. Ahi Evran Medical Journal 9/3 (December 1, 2025): 403-407. https://doi.org/10.46332/aemj.1644066.
JAMA 1.Kivrak H, Kadan E, Altahhan V, Özdemir Ö, Bozdoğan Ö. An Endometrial Stromal Tumor with Extensive Smooth Muscle Differentiation, Collagenous Rosettes and Focal Fibromyxoid Change: Case Report and Diagnostic Pitfalls. Ahi Evran Med J. 2025;9:403–407.
MLA Kivrak, Hale, et al. “An Endometrial Stromal Tumor With Extensive Smooth Muscle Differentiation, Collagenous Rosettes and Focal Fibromyxoid Change: Case Report and Diagnostic Pitfalls”. Ahi Evran Medical Journal, vol. 9, no. 3, Dec. 2025, pp. 403-7, doi:10.46332/aemj.1644066.
Vancouver 1.Kivrak H, Kadan E, Altahhan V, Özdemir Ö, Bozdoğan Ö. An Endometrial Stromal Tumor with Extensive Smooth Muscle Differentiation, Collagenous Rosettes and Focal Fibromyxoid Change: Case Report and Diagnostic Pitfalls. Ahi Evran Med J [Internet]. 2025 Dec. 1;9(3):403-7. Available from: https://izlik.org/JA59YK58RW

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