The Relationship of First Trimester Vitamin D, Vitamin B12 and Ferritin Levels with Preeklampsia

Abstract

Purpose: We aimed to investigate the relationship between first trimester vitamin D, vitamin B12 and ferritin levels with preeclampsia and neonatal outcomes.

Materials and Methods: 191 patients diagnosed with preeclampsia (PE) and 99 healthy pregnant women were included in the study. Age, gravida, parity, body mass index (BMI), mode of delivery, birth weight, APGAR score, neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admission and delivery week were recorded. First trimester vitamin D, vitamin B12 and ferritin levels were determined in laboratory analyzes. Evaluation was made by separating three groups as without PE, with PE and with severe PE.

Results: Differences were found between BMI measurements, birth weeks, birth weights and NICU acceptance values (p=0.003; 0.001; 0.001; 0.001 respectively). Babies in the PE group had lower mean birth weeks, birth weights and APGAR scores. In the PE group had a higher rate of cesarean section (p=0.001). The vitamin D level of the PE group was lower than the group without PE. It was found that the vitamin D level decreased in proportion to the severity of PE. The B12 level of the non-PE group was higher than PE group (p=0.001). The ferritin level of the non-PE group was found to be lower than the PE group (p=0.001).

Conclusion: Low vitamin D and B12 levels and high ferritin levels in the first trimester may be beneficial in predicting preeclampsia. We think that especially vitamin D, B12 and iron supplementation is a simple but effective approach to reduce perinatal morbidity and mortality in preeclampsia.

Keywords

• Preeclampsia
• vitamin D
• vitamin B12
• ferritin
• newborn

İlk Trimester Vitamin D, Vitamin B12 ve Ferritin Seviyelerinin Preeklampsi ile İlişkisi

Abstract

Amaç: İlk trimester vitamin D, vitamin B12 ve ferritin seviyelerinin preeklampsi ve yenidoğan sonuçlarıyla olan ilişkisini araştırmayı amaçladık.

Araçlar ve Yöntem: Çalışmaya preeklampsi (PE) tanısı almış 191 hasta ve 99 sağlıklı gebe kadın dahil edildi. Hastaların yaş, gravida, parite, beden kitle indeksi (BKI), doğum şekli, doğum kilosu, APGAR skoru, yenidoğan yoğun bakım ünitesi (YYBÜ) kabulü ve doğum haftası kaydedildi. Laboratuvar analizlerinde ilk trimester vitamin D, vitamin B12 ve ferritin düzeyleri tespit edildi. PE’siz, PE’li ve şiddetli PE’li olmak üzere üç grup ayrılarak değerlendirme yapıldı.

Bulgular: BKI ölçümleri, doğum haftaları, doğum kiloları, YYBÜ kabulü değerleri arasında farklılık saptandı (p değeri sırasıyla= 0.003; 0.001; 0.001; 0.001). PE grubundaki bebeklerin ortalama doğum haftaları, doğum kiloları ve APGAR skorları PE’siz gruba göre düşük bulundu. PE grubundaki gebelerin sezaryen olma oranı yüksekti (p=0.001) . PE grubunun vitamin D düzeyi, PE’siz gruba göre anlamlı düzeyde düşüktü (p=0.001). Vitamin D düzeyinin PE şiddetiyle orantılı olarak azaldığı tespit edildi. PE’siz grubun B12 düzeyi, PE’li gruba göre yüksekti (p=0.001). PE’siz grubun ferritin düzeyi PE’li gruba göre düşük tespit edildi (p=0.001).

Sonuç: İlk trimesterde vitamin D ve B12 düşüklüğü, ferritin yüksekliği preeklampsi öngörüsünde faydalı olabilir. Özellikle D vitamini, B12 ve demir desteğinin preeklempside perinatal morbidite ve mortaliteyi azaltacak basit ama etkili bir yaklaşım olduğunu düşünmekteyiz.

Keywords

• Preeklampsi
• vitamin D
• vitamin B12
• ferritin
• yenidoğan

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