Cognitive Functions and Intelligence Quotient in Patients with Metabolic Syndrome Through the Window of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Abstract

Purpose: To evaluate the cognitive functions and intelligence quotient (IQ) in patients with metabolic syndrome (MetS) by also considering Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM).
Materials and Methods: A cross‑sectional study was conducted from January to March 2020. Participants in this study are from a tertiary care hospital. Patients admitted to the outpatient clinic with health check-up, or follow-up of DM were included in the study. A total of 80 patients (44 patients with MetS and 36 patients without MetS), 18-75 years old, were recruited to the study consecutively.
Clinical and laboratory parameters, Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) and Kent E-G-Y scores of patients were measured. 
Results: Glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and triglycerides levels were higher, whereas high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-c) and ferritin levels were lower in patients with MetS. MMSE score was lower in participants with MetS than without MetS, whereas Kent E-G-Y score was similar in both groups. Depending on whether all patients have DM and/or MetS, subgroup analyzes were performed and evaluated. Patients with diabetes had lower IQ scores compared to the other subgroups. 
Conclusion: MetS reduces cognitive functions, whereas it has been shown that this generally does not have any effect on IQ. However, even though DM presence has been shown to be a worsening factor on intelligence in MetS, further studies are needed.

Keywords

• Cognitive Function
• Intelligence Quotient
• Metabolic Syndrome
• Diabetes Mellitus

Tip 2 Diabetes Mellitus Penceresinden Metabolik Sendromlu Hastalarda Bilişsel Fonksiyonlar ve Zeka Katsayısı

Abstract

Amaç: Metabolik sendrom (MetS) olan hastalarda bilişsel işlevleri ve zeka katsayısı (IQ) değerini, tip 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) hastalığını dikkate alarak değerlendirmek.
Araçlar ve Yöntem: Ocak-Mart 2020 tarihleri arasında kesitsel bir çalışma yürütüldü. Bu çalışmaya katılanlar üçüncü basamak bir hastanedendir. Sağlık kontrolü veya DM takibi ile polikliniğe başvuran hastalar çalışmaya dahil edildi. Çalışmaya 18-75 yaşlarında toplam 80 hasta (44 MetS'li ve 36 MetS'siz hasta) art arda dahil edildi. Hastaların klinik ve laboratuvar parametreleri, Mini Mental
Durum Muayenesi (MMSE) ve Kent E-G-Y skorları ile ölçüldü.
Bulgular: MetS'li hastalarda glikozile hemoglobin (HbA1c) ve trigliserid düzeyleri daha yüksek, yüksek dansiteli lipoprotein-kolesterol (HDL-c) ve ferritin düzeyleri daha düşüktü. MMSE skoru MetS'li katılımcılarda MetS'siz katılımcılardan daha düşükken, Kent E-G-Y skoru her iki grupta da benzerdi. Tüm hastaların DM ve/veya MetS olup olmadığına bağlı olarak, alt grup analizleri yapıldı ve
değerlendirildi. Diyabetli hastalar, diğer alt gruplara kıyasla daha düşük IQ puanlarına sahipti.
Sonuç: MetS, bilişsel işlevleri azaltır, ancak bunun genel olarak IQ üzerinde bir etkisi olmadığı gösterilmiştir. Bununla birlikte, DM varlığının MetS’lu hastalarda zeka üzerine kötüleştiren bir faktör olduğu gösterilmiş olsa da, daha fazla çalışmaya ihtiyaç vardır.

Keywords

• Bilişsel İşlev
• Zekâ katsayısı
• Metabolik sendrom
• Diyabetes Mellitus

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