Farklı SARS-Cov-2 Varyantları ile Enfekte COVID-19 Hastalarının Klinik Seyirleri, Ölüm Oranları ve Aşı Durumları

Year 2025, Volume: 9 Issue: 2, 210 - 214, 08.08.2025

Tuğçe Ünalan-altıntop , Fikriye Milletli Sezgin , Pelin Onarer , Mustafa Cihangiroğlu , Nilüfer Tali

Abstract

Amaç: COVID-19 pandemisi sırasında birçok farklı SARS-CoV-2 varyantları ortaya çıkmış ve alfa, beta ve delta varyantları endişe verici varyant olarak kabul edilmiştir. Çalışmamızın amacı alfa, beta ve delta varyantları ile enfekte COVID-19 hastalarının klinik seyir ve aşı durumlarını belirlemektir.

Araçlar veYöntem: Hastaların üst solunum yolları örneklerinde SARS-CoV-2 virüs varlığı ve varyant tipleri Rt-PCR ile saptanmıştır.

Bulgular: Alfa, beta ve delta varyantların ölüm oranları sırasıyla %4.12, %18.43, ve %3.30’dur (p=0.001). Yoğun bakım ihtiyacı alfa varyant için hastaların %3.50’sinde, beta için %18.42’sinde ve delta için % 3.85’inde oluşmuştur (p=0.001). Alfa varyantı ile enfekte hastaların % 2.47’sinde mekanik ventilasyon (MV) ihtiyacı gelişmiş olup, beta enfekte hastaların %13.6’sında ve delta enfekte hastaların % 1.10’unda MV ihtiyacı gelişmiştir (p=0.001). Alfa enfekte hastaların % 49,8’i, beta enfekte hastaların %65.79’u, ve delta enfekte hastaların % 36.81’i tam aşılıdır (p<0.001). m-RNA aşı oranı (% 7.69 ) ve ek aşı oranları delta varyant ile enfekte hastalarda daha yüksektir (p=0.001).

Sonuç: Beta varyant ciddi klinik seyir ve azalmış aşı yanıtı açısından en riskli bulunmuştur. Riskli varyantların yayılımının önlenmesinde küresel halk sağlığı önemleri gereklidir.

Keywords

alfa, beta, delta, SARS-CoV-2, varyantlar

The Mortality, Clinical Course and Vaccine Status of COVID-19 Patients with Different SARS-Cov-2 Variants

Abstract

Purpose: Several SARS-CoV-2 variants have emerged during the COVID-19 pandemic and alpha, beta, and delta variants were declared as variants of concern. Our aim is to determine the clinical course and vaccine status of COVID-19 patients with alpha, beta, and delta variants.

Materials and Methods: SARS-CoV-2 virus and variant determination in upper respiratory swab samples were done by Rt-PCR.

Results: The mortality rates for the alpha, beta, and delta variants were as follows: 4.12 %, 18.43 %, and 3.30 % respectively (p=0.001). Patients who required an intensive care unit (ICU) stay were also different for alpha, beta, and delta variants: 3.50 %, 18.42 %, and 3.85 % respectively (p=0.001). 2.47 % of alpha-infected patients were in need of mechanical ventilation (MV), whereas 13.16 % of beta infected, and 1.10 % of delta infected patients needed MV (p=0.001). 49.8 % of Alpha infected patients, % 65.79 of Beta patients, and 36.81 % of Delta patients were fully vaccinated (p<0.001). The m-RNA vaccination (7.69 %) and booster dose vaccination rate (2.75%) were higher in the delta variant (p=0.001).

Conclusion: Beta variant has been shown to employ the highest possibility for clinical severity and reduced vaccine efficacy. Global public health interventions are needed to avoid the emergence of high risk variants.

Keywords

alpha, beta, delta, SARS-CoV-2, variants

Ethical Statement

The study was approved by Amasya University Non-interventional Clinical Studies Ethical Committee (Number: 158, Date: 02.12.2021).

Supporting Institution

None.

Thanks

None.

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