Obez Çocukların Bağırsak Mikrobiyotasındaki Laktik Asit Bakterilerinin Değişiminin Araştırılması
Year 2025,
Volume: 9 Issue: 2, 243 - 250, 08.08.2025
Cihat Öztürk
,
Serdar Fidan
,
Memiş Bolacalı
,
Elif Sevim
,
Ali Güneş
Abstract
Amaç: Bu çalışmada, obez çocuklarda bağırsak mikrobiyotasındaki bakteri popülasyonlarının değişimlerini belirlemek ve obezitenin bağırsak mikrobiyota kompozisyonu üzerindeki etkilerini değerlendirmek amaçlanmıştır.
Araçlar ve Yöntem: Çalışmaya, KAEÜ Eğitim-Araştırma Hastanesi Çocuk Polikliniği’ne başvuran toplam 50 çocuk dahil edilmiştir. Çalışma grubunu, Dünya Sağlık Örgütü’nün vücut kitle indeksi (VKİ) kriterlerine göre obez olarak sınıflandırılan 25 çocuk ve kontrol grubunu VKİ’si normal olan 25 çocuk oluşturmuştur. Toplam bakteri, Lactobacillus spp., Bifidobacterium spp., Enterococcus spp., Staphylococcus spp. ve Gram negatif bakteriler gibi hedef mikroorganizmalar kültür ve moleküler yöntemlerle analiz edilmiştir. İstatistiksel değerlendirme, bağırsak mikrobiyotasındaki popülasyon değişikliklerini tespit etmek amacıyla uygun analiz yöntemleriyle yapılmıştır.
Bulgular: Obez çocukların VKİ ve vücut ağırlıkları kontrol grubundan anlamlı derecede daha yüksek bulunmuştur (p<0.001). Obez çocuklarda total bakteri, Enterococcus spp., Lactobacillus spp. ve Gram negatif bakteri oranlarında rakamsal bir artış gözlenirken, Bifidobacterium spp. ve Staphylococcus spp. oranlarında rakamsal bir azalma tespit edilmiştir. Yaş ile total bakteri sayısı arasında negatif yönlü düşük bir korelasyon (r=-0.428), yaş ile VKİ arasında ise pozitif yönlü bir korelasyon (r=0.479) bulunmuştur. Ayrıca, total bakteri ile Enterococcus spp. arasında (r=0.558) ve Lactobacillus spp. ile Enterococcus spp. arasında yüksek düzeyde pozitif korelasyonlar tespit edilmiştir (r=0.730).
Sonuç: Bu bulgular, mikrobiyotanın erken dönemde izlenmesi ve yönetiminin çocukluk çağı obezitesinin önlenmesi ve tedavisinde yeni fırsatlar sunabileceğini, ayrıca mikrobiyotanın düzenlenmesine yönelik müdahalelerin obezitenin önlenmesi ve yönetimi için umut vadeden yaklaşımlar olarak değerlendirilebileceğini göstermektedir.
Ethical Statement
Bu çalışma için Kırşehir Ahi Evran Üniversitesi Klinik Araştırmalar Etik Kurulu’ndan onay alındı (tarih: 01.06.2021; sayı 2021-10/11).
Supporting Institution
Kırşehir Ahi Evran Üniversitesi Bilimsel Araştırma Projeleri Koordinatörlüğü
Project Number
TIP.A4.21.014
Thanks
Bu çalışmanın yapılması için desteklerinden dolayı Kırşehir Ahi Evran Üniversitesi Bilimsel Araştırma Projeleri Koordinatörlüğüne teşekkür ederiz.
References
-
1. Zsálig D, Berta A, Tóth V, et al. A Review of the Relationship between Gut Microbiome and Obesity. Appl. Sci. 2023;13(1):610.
-
2. Geng J, Ni Q, Sun W, Li L, Feng X. The links between gut microbiota and obesity and obesity related diseases. Biomed Pharmacother. 2022;147:112678.
-
3. Zhang X, Liu J, Ni Y, et al. Global Prevalence of Overweight and Obesity in Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. JAMA Pediatr. 2024;178(8):800-813.
-
4. Demiray G, Yorulmaz F. Obesity Management with A Public Health Perspective. Value Health Sci. 2023; 13(1):147-155.
-
5. Tekin T, Çiçek B, Konyalıgil N. The Relatıonshıp Between Intestınal Mıcrobıota And Obesıty. J. Health Sci. 2018;27(1):95-99.
-
6. Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu (TÜİK). Stratejik Plan 2014–2018. Ankara: TÜİK Yayınları, Eylül 2014. Erişim adresi: https://www.tuik.gov.tr/Kurumsal/Stratejik_Plan. Access date 20 November, 2024.
-
7. TÜİK. Türkiye Sağlık Araştırması, (2022). Erişim Adresi: https://data.tuik.gov.tr/Bulten/Index?p=Turkiye-Saglik-Arastirmasi-2022-49747. Access date 20 November, 2024.
-
8. Çetinbaş S, Kemeriz F, Göker G, Biçer İ, Velioğlu YS. Human Microbiome: Nutritional and Health Effects. Akademik Gıda. 2017;15(4):409-415.
-
9. Turnbaugh PJ, Ley RE, Mahowald MA, Magrini V, Mardis ER, Gordon JI. An obesity-associated gut microbiome with increased capacity for energy harvest. Nature. 2006;444(7122):1027-1031.
-
10. Yatsunenko T, Rey FE, Manary MJ, et al. Human gut microbiome viewed across age and geography. Nature. 2012;486(7402):222-227.
-
11. Arrieta MC, Stiemsma LT, Amenyogbe N, Brown EM, Finlay B. The intestinal microbiome in early life: health and disease. Front Immunol. 2014;5:427.
-
12. Rodriguez JM, Murphy K, Stanton C, et al. The composition of the gut microbiota throughout life, with an emphasis on early life. Microb Ecol Health Dis. 2015;26(1):26050.
-
13. Milani C, Duranti S, Bottacini F, et al. The first microbial colonizers of the human gut: composition, activities, and health implications of the infant gut microbiota. Microbiol. Mol. Biol. 2017;81(4):10-1128.
-
14. Reuter G. The Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium microflora of the human intestine: composition and succession. Curr Issues Intest Microbiol. 2001;2(2):43-53.
-
15. Ouwehand A. A review of dose-responses of probiotics in human studies. Beneficial Microbes. 2017;8(2): 143-151.
-
16. Rada V, Machova M, Huk J, Marounek M, Dušková. Microflora in the honeybee digestive tract: counts, characteristics and sensitivity to veterinary drugs. Apidologie. 1997;28(6):357-365.
-
17. Killer J, Dubná S, Sedláček I, Švec P. Lactobacillus apis sp. nov., from the stomach of honeybees (Apis mellifera), having an in vitro inhibitory effect on the causative agents of American and European foulbrood. Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 2014;64(1):152-157.
-
18. Sharifpour MF, Mardani K, Ownagh A. Molecular identification and phylogenetic analysis of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium spp. isolated from gut of honeybees (Apis mellifera) from West Azerbaijan, Iran. Vet Res Forum. 2016;7(4):287-294.
-
19. Durmaz B. Relationship Between Obesity and Gut Microbiota. Turk Hij Den Biyol Derg. 2019;76(3): 353-360.
20. Özkarabulut AH. Beden Kitle İndeksi (BKI) ile belirlenmiş zayıf ve obez bireylerde barsak mikrobiyota profilinin karşılaştırılması. 2020.
-
21. Sepp E, Loivukene K, Julge K, Voor T, Mikelsaar M. The association of gut microbiota with body weight and body mass index in preschool children of Estonia. Microb Ecol Health Dis. 2013;24(1):19231.
-
22. Ignacio A, Fernandes MR, Rodrigues VA, et al. Correlation between body mass index and faecal microbiota from children. Clin Microbiol Infect. 2016;22(3): 1-258.
-
23. Ridaura VK, Faith JJ, Rey FE, et al. Gut microbiota from twins discordant for obesity modulate metabolism in mice. Science. 2013;341(6150):1241214.
-
24. Cani PD, Bibiloni R, Knauf C, et al. Changes in gut microbiota control metabolic endotoxemia-induced inflammation in high-fat diet–induced obesity and diabetes in mice. Diabetes. 2008;57(6):1470-1481.
-
25. Blaut M, Clavel T. Metabolic diversity of the intestinal microbiota: implications for health and disease. J Nutr. 2007;137(3):751-755.
-
26. Heeney DD, Gareau MG, Marco ML. Intestinal Lactobacillus in health and disease, a driver or just along for the ride? Curr Opin Biotechnol. 2018;49:140-147.
-
27. Million M, Maraninchi M, Henry M, et al. Obesity-associated gut microbiota is enriched in Lactobacillus reuteri and depleted in Bifidobacterium animalis and Methanobrevibacter smithii. Int J Obes (Lond). 2012;36(6):817-825.
-
28. Faith JJ, Rey FE, O'Donnell D, et al. Creating and characterizing communities of human gut microbes in gnotobiotic mice. ISME J. 2010;4(9):1094-1098.
-
29. Cani PD, Possemiers S, Van de Wiele T, et al. Changes in gut microbiota control inflammation in obese mice through a mechanism involving GLP-2-driven improvement of gut permeability. Gut. 2009;58(8):1091-1103.
Investigation of Changes in Lactic Acid Bacteria in the Gut Microbiota of Obese Children
Year 2025,
Volume: 9 Issue: 2, 243 - 250, 08.08.2025
Cihat Öztürk
,
Serdar Fidan
,
Memiş Bolacalı
,
Elif Sevim
,
Ali Güneş
Abstract
Purpose: This study aimed to identify changes in bacterial populations within the gut microbiota of obese children and to evaluate the effects of obesity on gut microbiota composition.
Materials and Methods: The study included a total of 50 children admitted to the Pediatric Clinic of Kırşehir Ahi Evran University Training and Research Hospital. The study group consisted of 25 children classified as obese according to the body mass ındex (BMI) criteria of the World Health Organization (WHO), while the control group included 25 children with normal BMI. Target microorganisms such as total bacteria, Lactobacillus spp., Bifidobacterium spp., Enterococcus spp., Staphylococcus spp., and Gram-negative bacteria were analyzed using culture and molecular methods. Statistical analyses were performed to assess changes in the gut microbiota population.
Results: In obese children, numerical increases were observed in the total bacteria, Enterococcus spp., Lactobacillus spp., and Gram-negative bacteria, whereas numerical decreases were noted in Bifidobacterium spp. and Staphylococcus spp.. A negative correlation was found between age and total bacterial count, while a positive correlation was observed between age and BMI. Additionally, positive correlations were detected between total bacteria and Enterococcus spp., also, between Lactobacillus spp. and Enterococcus spp.
Conclusion: These findings suggest that early monitoring and management of the gut microbiota could offer new opportunities in the prevention and treatment of childhood obesity, in addition, interventions to regulate the microbiota could also be considered as promising approaches for the prevention and management of obesity.
Ethical Statement
This study was approved by Kırşehir Ahi Evran University Clinical Research Ethics Committee (Date: 01.06.2021; numbered 2021-10/11).
Supporting Institution
Kırşehir Ahi Evran University Scientific Research Projects Coordination Office
Project Number
TIP.A4.21.014
Thanks
We would like to thank Kırşehir Ahi Evran University Scientific Research Projects Coordination Office for the support provided for the realisation of this study.
References
-
1. Zsálig D, Berta A, Tóth V, et al. A Review of the Relationship between Gut Microbiome and Obesity. Appl. Sci. 2023;13(1):610.
-
2. Geng J, Ni Q, Sun W, Li L, Feng X. The links between gut microbiota and obesity and obesity related diseases. Biomed Pharmacother. 2022;147:112678.
-
3. Zhang X, Liu J, Ni Y, et al. Global Prevalence of Overweight and Obesity in Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. JAMA Pediatr. 2024;178(8):800-813.
-
4. Demiray G, Yorulmaz F. Obesity Management with A Public Health Perspective. Value Health Sci. 2023; 13(1):147-155.
-
5. Tekin T, Çiçek B, Konyalıgil N. The Relatıonshıp Between Intestınal Mıcrobıota And Obesıty. J. Health Sci. 2018;27(1):95-99.
-
6. Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu (TÜİK). Stratejik Plan 2014–2018. Ankara: TÜİK Yayınları, Eylül 2014. Erişim adresi: https://www.tuik.gov.tr/Kurumsal/Stratejik_Plan. Access date 20 November, 2024.
-
7. TÜİK. Türkiye Sağlık Araştırması, (2022). Erişim Adresi: https://data.tuik.gov.tr/Bulten/Index?p=Turkiye-Saglik-Arastirmasi-2022-49747. Access date 20 November, 2024.
-
8. Çetinbaş S, Kemeriz F, Göker G, Biçer İ, Velioğlu YS. Human Microbiome: Nutritional and Health Effects. Akademik Gıda. 2017;15(4):409-415.
-
9. Turnbaugh PJ, Ley RE, Mahowald MA, Magrini V, Mardis ER, Gordon JI. An obesity-associated gut microbiome with increased capacity for energy harvest. Nature. 2006;444(7122):1027-1031.
-
10. Yatsunenko T, Rey FE, Manary MJ, et al. Human gut microbiome viewed across age and geography. Nature. 2012;486(7402):222-227.
-
11. Arrieta MC, Stiemsma LT, Amenyogbe N, Brown EM, Finlay B. The intestinal microbiome in early life: health and disease. Front Immunol. 2014;5:427.
-
12. Rodriguez JM, Murphy K, Stanton C, et al. The composition of the gut microbiota throughout life, with an emphasis on early life. Microb Ecol Health Dis. 2015;26(1):26050.
-
13. Milani C, Duranti S, Bottacini F, et al. The first microbial colonizers of the human gut: composition, activities, and health implications of the infant gut microbiota. Microbiol. Mol. Biol. 2017;81(4):10-1128.
-
14. Reuter G. The Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium microflora of the human intestine: composition and succession. Curr Issues Intest Microbiol. 2001;2(2):43-53.
-
15. Ouwehand A. A review of dose-responses of probiotics in human studies. Beneficial Microbes. 2017;8(2): 143-151.
-
16. Rada V, Machova M, Huk J, Marounek M, Dušková. Microflora in the honeybee digestive tract: counts, characteristics and sensitivity to veterinary drugs. Apidologie. 1997;28(6):357-365.
-
17. Killer J, Dubná S, Sedláček I, Švec P. Lactobacillus apis sp. nov., from the stomach of honeybees (Apis mellifera), having an in vitro inhibitory effect on the causative agents of American and European foulbrood. Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 2014;64(1):152-157.
-
18. Sharifpour MF, Mardani K, Ownagh A. Molecular identification and phylogenetic analysis of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium spp. isolated from gut of honeybees (Apis mellifera) from West Azerbaijan, Iran. Vet Res Forum. 2016;7(4):287-294.
-
19. Durmaz B. Relationship Between Obesity and Gut Microbiota. Turk Hij Den Biyol Derg. 2019;76(3): 353-360.
20. Özkarabulut AH. Beden Kitle İndeksi (BKI) ile belirlenmiş zayıf ve obez bireylerde barsak mikrobiyota profilinin karşılaştırılması. 2020.
-
21. Sepp E, Loivukene K, Julge K, Voor T, Mikelsaar M. The association of gut microbiota with body weight and body mass index in preschool children of Estonia. Microb Ecol Health Dis. 2013;24(1):19231.
-
22. Ignacio A, Fernandes MR, Rodrigues VA, et al. Correlation between body mass index and faecal microbiota from children. Clin Microbiol Infect. 2016;22(3): 1-258.
-
23. Ridaura VK, Faith JJ, Rey FE, et al. Gut microbiota from twins discordant for obesity modulate metabolism in mice. Science. 2013;341(6150):1241214.
-
24. Cani PD, Bibiloni R, Knauf C, et al. Changes in gut microbiota control metabolic endotoxemia-induced inflammation in high-fat diet–induced obesity and diabetes in mice. Diabetes. 2008;57(6):1470-1481.
-
25. Blaut M, Clavel T. Metabolic diversity of the intestinal microbiota: implications for health and disease. J Nutr. 2007;137(3):751-755.
-
26. Heeney DD, Gareau MG, Marco ML. Intestinal Lactobacillus in health and disease, a driver or just along for the ride? Curr Opin Biotechnol. 2018;49:140-147.
-
27. Million M, Maraninchi M, Henry M, et al. Obesity-associated gut microbiota is enriched in Lactobacillus reuteri and depleted in Bifidobacterium animalis and Methanobrevibacter smithii. Int J Obes (Lond). 2012;36(6):817-825.
-
28. Faith JJ, Rey FE, O'Donnell D, et al. Creating and characterizing communities of human gut microbes in gnotobiotic mice. ISME J. 2010;4(9):1094-1098.
-
29. Cani PD, Possemiers S, Van de Wiele T, et al. Changes in gut microbiota control inflammation in obese mice through a mechanism involving GLP-2-driven improvement of gut permeability. Gut. 2009;58(8):1091-1103.