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The Concept of Crime in Lacanian Psychoanalytic Theory and its Relationship with Clinical Structures and Crime

Year 2020, Volume: 1 Issue: 2, 93 - 100, 30.06.2020

Abstract

This study aims to review the relevant literature on the thoughts of psychoanalyst Jacques Lacan about the concept of crime to convey them comprehensively. Lacanian psychoanalysis aims to ap- proach the concept of crime without to de-identify and to mechanize the criminal act and the perpetrator. According to Lacan, subjects can be categorized into three clinical structures: Neurosis, psychosis, and perversion. These clinical structures described by him indicate how the subject copes with the Oedipus complex and castration, and these clinical structures are separated from each other according to the funda- mental defense mechanisms they use. In connection with the relationship of these described structures to crime, Lacan stated that the motivation behind committing a crime of neurotic individuals compared to psy- chotic individuals is related to self-punishment. He also argued that psychotic individuals do not expect any punishment for the crime they committed and therefore labeling these people who cannot be able to recognize the law as criminals lead to a problematic approach. In conclusion, it is possible to say criminality itself is not a descriptive category and that the structure of a perpetrator can be any of the three structures.

References

  • AVRAMAKI, Elissavet; TSEKERIS, Charalambos, (2011), “The Role of the Father in the Development of Psychosis”. Filozofija i društvo, s. 183-206.
  • ARISTODEMOU, Maria, (2014). Law, Psychoanalysis, Society: Taking the Unconscious Seriously. Routledge, London.
  • BÉGIN, Richard, (2014, The Objective: The Configuration of Trauma in the “War on Terror,” or the Sublime Object of the Medium. In: Žižek and Media Studies, s. 53-63, Palgrave Macmillan, New York.
  • BIAGI-CHAI, Francesca, (2011), “Lacan Criminologue”, La Cause Freudienne, 3: s. 88-93.
  • BOND, Henry, (2012), Lacan at the Scene, MIT Press, Cambridge.
  • BOWIE, Malcolm, (2007), Lacan, Dost Kitabevi, Ankara.
  • COSTELLO, Stephen J., (2018), The Pale Criminal: Psychoanalytic Perspectives, Routledge, London.
  • DE SUTTER, Laurent (ed.), (2015), Zizek and Law, Routledge, New York.
  • DOLAN, Brendan, (2014), Oedipal Guilt, Punishment and Criminal Behaviour, Master Thesis, Dublin Business School.
  • EVANS, Dylan, (2006), An Introductory Dictionary of Lacanian Psychoanalysis, Routledge, London and New York.
  • FREUD, Sigmund, (1913).Totem and Taboo, Vintage Books, New York.
  • GRIGG, Russell, (2009), Lacan, Language, and Philosophy. SUNY Press, New York.
  • HENDRICKX, David, (2017), Freud and Lacan on Fetishism and Masochism/Sadism as Paradigms of Perversion, PhD Thesis, Ghent University.
  • HOMER, Sean, (2005), Jacques Lacan, Routledge, New York.
  • IFFLI, Sandie; ANDRAUD, Christelle; PETIT, Laetitia, (2019), “The Lacanian Act and Passage à l’acte: A Case History of the Subjective Effects of Crime on the Criminal”, Ágora: Estudos em Teoria Psicanalítica,, 22.1, s. 134-143.
  • JARRETT, Hugh, (2015), What am I now? A Psychoanalytic Investigation of Tattooing, PhD Thesis, Dublin Business School.
  • JEJCIC, Marie, (2012), “Fantasme et Mutations du Sujet dans un Passage à l'acte Criminel”. La Revue Lacanienne, 1, s. 137-148.
  • JOHNSTON, Adrian, (2018), The Standford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, Edward N. Zalta ed., Standford University. Erişim adresi: https://plato.standford.edu/archieves/fall2018/entries/lacan
  • KAMİL, Ramis Cizer, (2018), Tina Nash and Shane Jenkin: Psychotic and Neurotic Relations to Law, Erişim adresi: https://s3.amazonaws.com/academia.edu.documents/30852743/Tina_Nash_and_Shane_Jenkin_Psychotic_and_Neurotic_Relations_to_Law.pdf?response-content-disposition=inline%3B%20filename%3DTina_Nash_and_Shane_Jenkin_Psychotic_and.pdf
  • KELLY, Matthew; BIELBY, Jared, (2016), Information Cultures in the Digital Age: A Festschrift in Honor of Rafael Capurro, Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden.
  • LACAN, Jacques, (1948), Aggressivity in Psychoanalysis. In Ecrits: A selection (çev: Sheridan, A.), s. 8–29, Norton, New York.
  • LACAN, Jacques, (1996), A Theoretical Introduction to the Functions of Psychoanalysis in Criminology, In Ecrits (çev: Fink, B.), s. 102-122, WW Norton & Company, New York and London.
  • LACAN, Jacques, (2006 [1959]), On a Question Prior to Any Possible Treatment of Psychosis. In: Écrits (Miller, J. A., ed.), s. 445-488, WW Norton, New York and London.
  • MALLON, Emmet (2016), Psychopathy–A Psychoanalytic Investigation. PhD Thesis. Dublin City University.
  • MICHEL, Gilles, (2008), Le Moment Psychotique dans la Solution du Passage à l'acte, PhD Thesis, Aix-Marseille 1.
  • MULVEY, Laura, (1989), Visual and Other Pleasures: Language, Discourse, Society, Springer, New York.
  • NO SUBJECT: ENCYCLOPEDIA OF PSYCHOANALYSIS, (t.y.), Jacques Lacan: Real. Erişim adresi: https://nosubject.com/Jacques_Lacan:Real
  • POLIZZI, David, (1997), “Lacan, Transference and the Place of the Criminal Subject”, Journal of Theoretical and Philosophical Psychology,17.1, s. 32-44.
  • SALECL, Renata, (1993), “Crime as a Mode of Subjectivization: Lacan and the Law”, Law and Critique, IV: 1, s. 3-20.
  • SHON, Phillip Chong Ho; WOODS, Devere, (2004), Criminal Interrogations: A Lacanian Perspectıve, In Policing in Central and Eastern Europe: Dilemmas of Contemporary Criminal Justice (Mesko, G., Pagon, M. & Dobovsek, B., ed.), University of Maribor, Slovenia.
  • STANIZAI, Ehsan Azari, (2018), “Lacan’s Three Concepts: The Imaginary, the Borromean Knot, and the Gaze”, NIDA Lacan Study And Reading Group: October Seminar, 24 Ekim. Erişim adresi: https://www.nida.edu.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0011/47396/Three-Concepts-The-Imaginary,-the-Borromean-Knot,-and-the-Gaze.pdf
  • SWALES, Stephanie, (2011), Neurosis or perversion? A Lacanian Psychoanalytic Diagnostic and Clinical Approach to the Treatment of Paraphilia at a Forensic Outpatient Setting: A Case Study and Exegetical Method, PhD Dissertation, Duquesne University.

LACANYEN PSİKANALİTİK KURAMDA SUÇ KAVRAMI VE KLİNİK YAPILAR İLE SUÇ İLİŞKİSİ

Year 2020, Volume: 1 Issue: 2, 93 - 100, 30.06.2020

Abstract

Bu çalışma, psikanalist Jacques Lacan’ın suç kavramına dair düşüncelerini kapsamlı bir biçimde akta- rabilmek adına ilgili literatürü derlemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Lacanyen psikanaliz, suç eylemini ve suçu işleyen kişiyi kimliksizleştirmeden, mekanikleştirmeden “suç” kavramına yaklaşmayı hedeflemektedir. Lacan’a göre özneler nevroz, psikoz ve perversiyon olmak üzere üç klinik yapı şeklinde kategorize edilebilmektedir. La- can’ın tarif ettiği bu klinik yapılar, öznenin Oedipus kompleksi ve kastrasyon ile nasıl baş ettiğine işaret et- mektedir ve bu klinik yapılar kullandıkları temel savunma mekanizmalarına göre birbirlerinden ayrıştırılmıştır. Tarif edilen bu yapıların suçla ilişkisi ile bağlantılı olarak Lacan nevrotik yapıdaki öznelerin psikotik yapıdaki kişilere kıyasla suç işlemelerinin arkasında kendini cezalandırma motivasyonunun olduğunu ifade etmekte- dir. Psikotik yapıdaki kişilerin ise işledikleri suça dair bir ceza beklentilerinin olmadığını, dolayısıyla da yasayı tanıyamayan bu kişileri suçlu olarak etiketlemenin problemli bir yaklaşıma neden olduğunu belirtmiştir Özetle; suçun kendi başına tanımlayıcı bir kategori olmadığını ve suç işleyen bir kişinin yapısının üç yapıdan herhangi birisi olabileceğini söylemek mümkündür.

References

  • AVRAMAKI, Elissavet; TSEKERIS, Charalambos, (2011), “The Role of the Father in the Development of Psychosis”. Filozofija i društvo, s. 183-206.
  • ARISTODEMOU, Maria, (2014). Law, Psychoanalysis, Society: Taking the Unconscious Seriously. Routledge, London.
  • BÉGIN, Richard, (2014, The Objective: The Configuration of Trauma in the “War on Terror,” or the Sublime Object of the Medium. In: Žižek and Media Studies, s. 53-63, Palgrave Macmillan, New York.
  • BIAGI-CHAI, Francesca, (2011), “Lacan Criminologue”, La Cause Freudienne, 3: s. 88-93.
  • BOND, Henry, (2012), Lacan at the Scene, MIT Press, Cambridge.
  • BOWIE, Malcolm, (2007), Lacan, Dost Kitabevi, Ankara.
  • COSTELLO, Stephen J., (2018), The Pale Criminal: Psychoanalytic Perspectives, Routledge, London.
  • DE SUTTER, Laurent (ed.), (2015), Zizek and Law, Routledge, New York.
  • DOLAN, Brendan, (2014), Oedipal Guilt, Punishment and Criminal Behaviour, Master Thesis, Dublin Business School.
  • EVANS, Dylan, (2006), An Introductory Dictionary of Lacanian Psychoanalysis, Routledge, London and New York.
  • FREUD, Sigmund, (1913).Totem and Taboo, Vintage Books, New York.
  • GRIGG, Russell, (2009), Lacan, Language, and Philosophy. SUNY Press, New York.
  • HENDRICKX, David, (2017), Freud and Lacan on Fetishism and Masochism/Sadism as Paradigms of Perversion, PhD Thesis, Ghent University.
  • HOMER, Sean, (2005), Jacques Lacan, Routledge, New York.
  • IFFLI, Sandie; ANDRAUD, Christelle; PETIT, Laetitia, (2019), “The Lacanian Act and Passage à l’acte: A Case History of the Subjective Effects of Crime on the Criminal”, Ágora: Estudos em Teoria Psicanalítica,, 22.1, s. 134-143.
  • JARRETT, Hugh, (2015), What am I now? A Psychoanalytic Investigation of Tattooing, PhD Thesis, Dublin Business School.
  • JEJCIC, Marie, (2012), “Fantasme et Mutations du Sujet dans un Passage à l'acte Criminel”. La Revue Lacanienne, 1, s. 137-148.
  • JOHNSTON, Adrian, (2018), The Standford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, Edward N. Zalta ed., Standford University. Erişim adresi: https://plato.standford.edu/archieves/fall2018/entries/lacan
  • KAMİL, Ramis Cizer, (2018), Tina Nash and Shane Jenkin: Psychotic and Neurotic Relations to Law, Erişim adresi: https://s3.amazonaws.com/academia.edu.documents/30852743/Tina_Nash_and_Shane_Jenkin_Psychotic_and_Neurotic_Relations_to_Law.pdf?response-content-disposition=inline%3B%20filename%3DTina_Nash_and_Shane_Jenkin_Psychotic_and.pdf
  • KELLY, Matthew; BIELBY, Jared, (2016), Information Cultures in the Digital Age: A Festschrift in Honor of Rafael Capurro, Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden.
  • LACAN, Jacques, (1948), Aggressivity in Psychoanalysis. In Ecrits: A selection (çev: Sheridan, A.), s. 8–29, Norton, New York.
  • LACAN, Jacques, (1996), A Theoretical Introduction to the Functions of Psychoanalysis in Criminology, In Ecrits (çev: Fink, B.), s. 102-122, WW Norton & Company, New York and London.
  • LACAN, Jacques, (2006 [1959]), On a Question Prior to Any Possible Treatment of Psychosis. In: Écrits (Miller, J. A., ed.), s. 445-488, WW Norton, New York and London.
  • MALLON, Emmet (2016), Psychopathy–A Psychoanalytic Investigation. PhD Thesis. Dublin City University.
  • MICHEL, Gilles, (2008), Le Moment Psychotique dans la Solution du Passage à l'acte, PhD Thesis, Aix-Marseille 1.
  • MULVEY, Laura, (1989), Visual and Other Pleasures: Language, Discourse, Society, Springer, New York.
  • NO SUBJECT: ENCYCLOPEDIA OF PSYCHOANALYSIS, (t.y.), Jacques Lacan: Real. Erişim adresi: https://nosubject.com/Jacques_Lacan:Real
  • POLIZZI, David, (1997), “Lacan, Transference and the Place of the Criminal Subject”, Journal of Theoretical and Philosophical Psychology,17.1, s. 32-44.
  • SALECL, Renata, (1993), “Crime as a Mode of Subjectivization: Lacan and the Law”, Law and Critique, IV: 1, s. 3-20.
  • SHON, Phillip Chong Ho; WOODS, Devere, (2004), Criminal Interrogations: A Lacanian Perspectıve, In Policing in Central and Eastern Europe: Dilemmas of Contemporary Criminal Justice (Mesko, G., Pagon, M. & Dobovsek, B., ed.), University of Maribor, Slovenia.
  • STANIZAI, Ehsan Azari, (2018), “Lacan’s Three Concepts: The Imaginary, the Borromean Knot, and the Gaze”, NIDA Lacan Study And Reading Group: October Seminar, 24 Ekim. Erişim adresi: https://www.nida.edu.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0011/47396/Three-Concepts-The-Imaginary,-the-Borromean-Knot,-and-the-Gaze.pdf
  • SWALES, Stephanie, (2011), Neurosis or perversion? A Lacanian Psychoanalytic Diagnostic and Clinical Approach to the Treatment of Paraphilia at a Forensic Outpatient Setting: A Case Study and Exegetical Method, PhD Dissertation, Duquesne University.
There are 32 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Journal Section Reviews
Authors

Burcu Pınar Bulut 0000-0001-8168-0068

Publication Date June 30, 2020
Published in Issue Year 2020 Volume: 1 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Bulut, B. P. (2020). LACANYEN PSİKANALİTİK KURAMDA SUÇ KAVRAMI VE KLİNİK YAPILAR İLE SUÇ İLİŞKİSİ. Ankara Hacı Bayram Veli Üniversitesi Edebiyat Fakültesi Dergisi, 1(2), 93-100.

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