Clinical Research
BibTex RIS Cite

Investigation of the Relationship Between Nurses’ Perceptions of Nurse Manager Caring Behaviors and Their Work-Related Attitudes

Year 2025, Volume: 4 Issue: 3, 100 - 110, 17.11.2025
https://doi.org/10.59398/ahd.1604907

Abstract

Objective
In work environments where positive relationships are supported among employees, nurses’ attitudes toward work are positively affected. In this context, there is a need to reveal the relationship between nurse manager caring behavior to colleagues and nurses’ attitudes toward work. The aim of this research is to investigate nurses’ perceptions of nurse manager caring behaviors, their attitudes towards work, and the relationships between these variables.
Methods
The research, which has a descriptive and relational design, was conducted with 326 nurses who had been working in a university hospital for at least six months and who worked in units with a charge nurse. “The Descriptive Characteristics And Research Variables Form” and “Caring Assessment Tool-Administration (CAT-Adm)” were used as measurement tools. The data were evaluated with descriptive statistics and correlation test. The STROBE reporting criteria were used in both framing and reporting the study.
Results
Nurses’ perceptions of nurse manager caring behaviours were found to be positive (3.83 ± 0.99), their job satisfaction was at a ‘satisfied’ level (2.73 ± 0.75; median: 3), and 47.3% had a high intention to leave within the last year. A positive relationship was found between nurse perceptions’ of nurse manager caring behaviors and job satisfaction (ρ = .18, p = .001) and a negative relationship was found between intention to leave (ρ = -.20, p = .000).A moderate negative and significant correlation was found between job satisfaction and intention to leave (ρ = -.58, p = .000).
Conclusion
The results of the study revealed the areas that need to be developed in nurse managers’ caring behavior to their colleagues. In order for nurse managers to have a positive caring behaviors towards nurses, importance should be given to developing the nurse managers caring behaviors at all levels. Healthcare organizations can increase nurses’ job satisfaction and reduce their intention to leave the institution by developing relationship-based nurse manager caring behaviors.

References

  • Worldwide prevalence and associated factors of nursing staff turnover: A systematic review and metaanalysis.. Nursi̇ng Open. 2024;11(1):1-10.
  • Falatah R. The impact of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic on nurses’ turnover intention: An integrative review.. Nursi̇ng Reports. 2021;11(4):787-810.
  • Arslan Yurumezoglu H, Kocaman G. Predictors of nurses’ intentions to leave the organisation and the profession in Turkey. J Nurs Manag. 2016;24(2):235-243.
  • Ekici D, Cerit K, Mert T. Factors That ınfluence nurses’ work-family conflict, job satisfaction, and ıntention to leave in a private hospital in Turkey. Hosp Pract Res. 2017;2(4):102–108.
  • Lee M, Jang KS, Nurses’ emotions, emotional labor, and job satisfaction. International Journal of Workplace Health Management. 2020; 13(1), 16-31.
  • Halcomb E, Bi̇rd S. Job satisfaction and career intention of australian general practice nurses: A cross‐sectional survey. Journal Of Nursi̇ng Scholarshi̇p. 2020;52(3):270-280.
  • Günday F, Taş A, Abacıgil F, Arslantaş H. Hemşirelerde iş doyumu ve iş yaşamı kalitesini etkileyen faktörler: Kesitsel bir çalışma. Adnan Menderes Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi Dergisi. 2022; 6(2), 216-232.
  • Koşucu, SN, Baltacı Göktaş S, Yıldız T. Cerrahi ve dahiliye servislerinde çalışan hemşirelerin işe bağlı gerginlik ve iş doyumu düzeylerinin değerlendirilmesi. Çukurova Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi. 2017;42(4):675–681.
  • Yüksel Kaçan C, Örsal Ö, Köşgeroğlu N. Hemşirelerde iş doyumu düzeyinin incelenmesi. Hemşirelikte Araştırma Geliştirme Dergisi. 2016;18(2- 3):1–12.
  • Wei H, Sewell KA, Woody G, Rose MA. The state of the science of nurse work environments in the United States: A systematic review. Int J Nurs Sci. 2018;5(3):287–300.
  • Feather RA, Ebright P. Nurse manager behaviors that RNs perceive to affect their job satisfaction. Nurs Forum. 2015;50(2):125–136.
  • Longo J. The relationships between manager and peer caring to registered nurses’ job satisfaction and intent to stay. International Journal for Human Caring. 2009;13(2):27-34.
  • Cummings GG, Tate K, Lee S, Wong CA, Paananen T, Micaroni SPM, et. al. Leadership styles and outcome patterns for the nursing workforce and work environment: A systematic review. Int J Nurs Stud. 2018;85(September 2018):19–60.
  • Kleinman C. The relationship between managerial leadership behaviors and staff nurse retention. Hosp Top. 2004;82(4):2-9.
  • Wei H, Hardin SR, Watson J. A unitary caring science resilience-building model: Unifying the human caring theory and research-informed psychology and neuroscience evidence. International journal of nursing sciences. 2021;8(1):130-5.
  • İleri S, Çamveren H, Kocaman G. İşe yeni başlayan genç hemşirelerin kıdemli meslektaşları ile ilişkileri: Fenomenolojik bir çalışma. Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Hemşirelik Fakültesi Elektronik Dergisi. 2023;16(1), 12-26.
  • Khofifah S, Sumarni T, Susanti IH. The relationship between caring leadership and nurse job satisfaction at Dr. R. Goeteng Taroenadibrata Purbalingga Hospital. PROMOTOR. 2023;6(5):516-521
  • Bolima DC. The relationship between caring leadership, nursing job satisfaction, and turnover ıntentions. [unpublished dissertation]. Phoenix-Arizona: Grand Canyon University, 2015.
  • Duffy JR. Caring behaviors of nurse managers: Relationship to staff nurse satisfaction and retention. In D.A. Gaut (Ed.), A global agenda for caring. New York, NY: National League for Nursing, 1993.
  • Olender L. The relationship between and factors ınfluencing staff nurses’ perceptions of nurse manager caring and exposure to workplace bullying in multiple healthcare settings. JONA. 2017;47(10):501–507.
  • Lee HF, Chiang HY, Kuo HT. Relationship between authentic leadership and nurses’ intent to leave: The mediating role of work environment and burnout. Journal of nursing management, 2019;27(1), 52-65.
  • Wesolowski CT. The relationship of authentic leadership to registered nurse job satisfaction and turnover intention. [unpublished dissertation]. United States - Arizona: Grand Canyon University, 2023.
  • Duffy JR. Quality caring in nursing and health systems. Second Edition. Zuccarini M. Springer Publishing Company, LLC; 2013.
  • Tomkins L, Simpson P. Caring leadership: A heideggerian perspective. Organ Stud. 2015;36(8):1013–1031.
  • Kostich K, Lasiter S, Duffy JR, George V. The relationship between staff nurses’ perceptions of nurse manager caring behaviors and patient experience: A correlational study. J Nurs Adm. 2021;51(9):468–73.
  • Wolverton CL. Staff nurse perceptions’ of nurse manager caring behaviors: Psychometric testing of the Caring Assessment Tool-Administration (CAT-adm©). Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, 2016.
  • Putra KR, Sutadi H, Setyowati S, Hariyati RTS. The impact of nurse manager caring behaviors and work environment on burnout syndrome among nurses. Kontakt. 2021;23(2):1–7.
  • Şentürk SG, Küçükgüçlü Ö. Bridging Healing and Therapy: A Mixed-Methods Study on Support Group Intervention Based on Watson’s Theory of Human Caring. Holistic Nursing Practice, 2021;35(2), 81-91.
  • Mondol Hernández, D, Solano López, AL. Humanized oncology nursing care in a person with gastric cancer: A case report. Enfermería Clínica (English Edition), 2024; 34(3), 224-231.
  • Duffy, JR. Quality Caring in Nursing and Health Professions:Implications for Clinicians, Educators, and Leaders. Third Edition: Implications for Clinicians, Educators, and Leaders. New York, Springer Publishing Company, 2018.
  • Kostich K, Lasiter S, Gorrell R. Staff nurses’ perceptions of nurse manager caring behaviors: A scoping study. J Nurs Adm. 2020;50(5):293–299.
  • Wolverton CL, Sue L, Duffy JR, Weaver MT, Mc- Daniel AM. Psychometric testing of the caring assessment tool: Administration (CAT-Adm©). SAGE Open Med. 2018;6:1–11.
  • Fakunmoju SB. Validity of single-item versus multiple-item job satisfaction measures in predicting life: Satisfaction and turnover intention. Asia-Pacific Journal of Management Research and Innovation, (2020);16(3), 210-228.
  • Hasselhorn, H. M., Tackenberg, P. & Müller B. (Eds.). Next-Study group. Working conditions and intent to leave the profession among nursing staff in Europe. Stockholm: National Institute for Working Life 2003;7. İleri S,
  • Boz İ, Kocaman G. Turkish adaptation and psychometric testing of the caring assessment tool-administration. Perspect Psychiatr Care. 2022;58(2):584–91.
  • Schober, Patrick MD, PhD, MMedStat; Boer, Christa PhD, MSc; Schwarte, Lothar A. MD, PhD, MBA. Correlation Coefficients: Appropriate Use and Interpretation. Anesthesia & Analgesia 126(5):p 1763-1768, May 2018. | DOI: 10.1213/ ANE.0000000000002864
  • Yılmaz H, Kantek F. Türkiye’deki yönetici hemşirelerin liderlik tarzları : Literatür inceleme. Sağlık ve Hemşirelik Yönetimi Dergisi. 2016;3(2):110–117.
  • Baltaş A. Türk kültüründe yönetmek. İstanbul: Remzi Kitabevi. 2010;240.
  • Kostich K. The Relationship Between Staff Nurses’ Perceptions of Nurse Manager Caring Behaviors and Patient Experience: A Correlational Study. University of Missouri-Kansas City, 2020. https:// www.proquest.com/pagepdf/2434714591?accountid= 10527
  • Gadolin C, Skyvell Nilsson M, Larsman P, Pousette A, Törner M. Managing health care under heavy stress: Effects of the COVID‐19 pandemic on care unit managers’ ability to support the nurses—A mixed‐methods approach. Journal of Nursing Management, 2022, 30.8: 4080-4089.
  • Taşkaya S, Aksoy A. Türkiye’de Sağlık Çalışanlarında İş Tatmini ile İşten Ayrılma Niyeti Arasındaki İlişki: Bir Meta-Analiz Çalışması. Hacettepe Sağlık İdaresi Dergisi, 2023;26(1), 115-132.
  • Essex R, Kennedy J, Miller D, Jameson J. A scoping review exploring the impact and negotiation of hierarchy in healthcare organisations. Nursing Inquiry, 2023;30(4), e12571.
  • Yapıcı D, Yürümezoğlu HA. Klinik hemşirelerinin sağlıklı çalışma ortamı standartlarına göre çalışma ortamlarını değerlendirmeleri. Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Hemşirelik Fakültesi Elektronik Dergisi, 2021; 14(3), 240-252.

Hemşirelerin, Yönetici Hemşire Yaklaşımları Algısı ile İşe Yönelik Tutumları Arasındaki İlişkinin İncelenmesi

Year 2025, Volume: 4 Issue: 3, 100 - 110, 17.11.2025
https://doi.org/10.59398/ahd.1604907

Abstract

Amaç
Çalışanlar arasında olumlu ilişkilerin desteklendiği çalışma ortamlarında, hemşirelerin işe yönelik tutumları olumlu yönde etkilenmektedir. Bu bağlamda, yöneticilerin meslektaşlarına yaklaşımının, hemşirelerin işe yönelik tutumları ile olan ilişkisinin ortaya konmasına gereksinim vardır. Bu araştırmanın amacı hemşirelerin, yönetici hemşire yaklaşımları algısı ile işe yönelik tutumlarını ve bu değişkenler arasındaki ilişkileri incelemektir.
Yöntem
Araştırma, tanımlayıcı ve ilişkisel tasarımda, bir üniversite hastanesinde en az altı aydır görev yapan, sorumlu hemşiresi olan birimlerde çalışan 326 hemşire ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Ölçüm araçları olarak “Tanıtıcı Özellikler ve Araştırma Değişkenleri Formu” ve “Hemşirelerin Yönetici Hemşire Yaklaşımları Algı Ölçeği” kullanılmıştır. Veriler, tanımlayıcı istatistikler ve korelasyon testi ile değerlendirilmiştir. Çalışmanın hem çerçevelenmesinde hem de raporlanmasında STROBE raporlama kriterleri kullanılmıştır.
Bulgular
Hemşirelerin, yönetici hemşire yaklaşımlarını olumlu algıladıkları (3.83 ± .99), iş doyumlarının “memnun” düzeyinde (2.73± 0.75; medyan:3) olduğu ve %47.3’ünün son bir yıl içinde ayrılma niyetlerinin yüksek olduğu belirlenmiştir. Hemşirelerin yönetici hemşire yaklaşımı algısı ile iş doyumu (ρ = .18, p = .001) arasında pozitif, ayrılma niyeti (ρ = -.20, p = .000) arasında ise negatif bir ilişki saptanmıştır. İş doyumu ve ayrılma niyeti arasında negatif yönlü anlamlı ilişki (ρ = -.58, p = .000) olduğu belirlenmiştir.
Sonuç
Çalışmanın sonuçları, yönetici hemşirelerin meslektaşlarına karşı yaklaşımlarında geliştirilmesi gereken bakım alanlarını ortaya koymuştur. Yönetici hemşirelerin, hemşirelere karşı olumlu bir yaklaşım sergileyebilmesi için her düzeyde yönetici hemşire yaklaşımlarının geliştirilmesine önem verilmelidir. Sağlık kuruluşları, ilişkilere dayalı yönetici yaklaşımlarını geliştirerek hemşirelerin iş doyumunu artırabilir ve kurumdan ayrılma niyetlerini azaltabilir.

Ethical Statement

Tüm yazarların makaleye kayda değer katkıda bulunduklarını, makalenin nihai halini onayladıklarını ve Akdeniz Hemşirelik Dergisi’ne gönderilmesinde hemfikir olduklarını teyit ederim.

Supporting Institution

YOK

Thanks

Zamanınız ve ilginiz için teşekkür ederiz.

References

  • Worldwide prevalence and associated factors of nursing staff turnover: A systematic review and metaanalysis.. Nursi̇ng Open. 2024;11(1):1-10.
  • Falatah R. The impact of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic on nurses’ turnover intention: An integrative review.. Nursi̇ng Reports. 2021;11(4):787-810.
  • Arslan Yurumezoglu H, Kocaman G. Predictors of nurses’ intentions to leave the organisation and the profession in Turkey. J Nurs Manag. 2016;24(2):235-243.
  • Ekici D, Cerit K, Mert T. Factors That ınfluence nurses’ work-family conflict, job satisfaction, and ıntention to leave in a private hospital in Turkey. Hosp Pract Res. 2017;2(4):102–108.
  • Lee M, Jang KS, Nurses’ emotions, emotional labor, and job satisfaction. International Journal of Workplace Health Management. 2020; 13(1), 16-31.
  • Halcomb E, Bi̇rd S. Job satisfaction and career intention of australian general practice nurses: A cross‐sectional survey. Journal Of Nursi̇ng Scholarshi̇p. 2020;52(3):270-280.
  • Günday F, Taş A, Abacıgil F, Arslantaş H. Hemşirelerde iş doyumu ve iş yaşamı kalitesini etkileyen faktörler: Kesitsel bir çalışma. Adnan Menderes Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi Dergisi. 2022; 6(2), 216-232.
  • Koşucu, SN, Baltacı Göktaş S, Yıldız T. Cerrahi ve dahiliye servislerinde çalışan hemşirelerin işe bağlı gerginlik ve iş doyumu düzeylerinin değerlendirilmesi. Çukurova Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi. 2017;42(4):675–681.
  • Yüksel Kaçan C, Örsal Ö, Köşgeroğlu N. Hemşirelerde iş doyumu düzeyinin incelenmesi. Hemşirelikte Araştırma Geliştirme Dergisi. 2016;18(2- 3):1–12.
  • Wei H, Sewell KA, Woody G, Rose MA. The state of the science of nurse work environments in the United States: A systematic review. Int J Nurs Sci. 2018;5(3):287–300.
  • Feather RA, Ebright P. Nurse manager behaviors that RNs perceive to affect their job satisfaction. Nurs Forum. 2015;50(2):125–136.
  • Longo J. The relationships between manager and peer caring to registered nurses’ job satisfaction and intent to stay. International Journal for Human Caring. 2009;13(2):27-34.
  • Cummings GG, Tate K, Lee S, Wong CA, Paananen T, Micaroni SPM, et. al. Leadership styles and outcome patterns for the nursing workforce and work environment: A systematic review. Int J Nurs Stud. 2018;85(September 2018):19–60.
  • Kleinman C. The relationship between managerial leadership behaviors and staff nurse retention. Hosp Top. 2004;82(4):2-9.
  • Wei H, Hardin SR, Watson J. A unitary caring science resilience-building model: Unifying the human caring theory and research-informed psychology and neuroscience evidence. International journal of nursing sciences. 2021;8(1):130-5.
  • İleri S, Çamveren H, Kocaman G. İşe yeni başlayan genç hemşirelerin kıdemli meslektaşları ile ilişkileri: Fenomenolojik bir çalışma. Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Hemşirelik Fakültesi Elektronik Dergisi. 2023;16(1), 12-26.
  • Khofifah S, Sumarni T, Susanti IH. The relationship between caring leadership and nurse job satisfaction at Dr. R. Goeteng Taroenadibrata Purbalingga Hospital. PROMOTOR. 2023;6(5):516-521
  • Bolima DC. The relationship between caring leadership, nursing job satisfaction, and turnover ıntentions. [unpublished dissertation]. Phoenix-Arizona: Grand Canyon University, 2015.
  • Duffy JR. Caring behaviors of nurse managers: Relationship to staff nurse satisfaction and retention. In D.A. Gaut (Ed.), A global agenda for caring. New York, NY: National League for Nursing, 1993.
  • Olender L. The relationship between and factors ınfluencing staff nurses’ perceptions of nurse manager caring and exposure to workplace bullying in multiple healthcare settings. JONA. 2017;47(10):501–507.
  • Lee HF, Chiang HY, Kuo HT. Relationship between authentic leadership and nurses’ intent to leave: The mediating role of work environment and burnout. Journal of nursing management, 2019;27(1), 52-65.
  • Wesolowski CT. The relationship of authentic leadership to registered nurse job satisfaction and turnover intention. [unpublished dissertation]. United States - Arizona: Grand Canyon University, 2023.
  • Duffy JR. Quality caring in nursing and health systems. Second Edition. Zuccarini M. Springer Publishing Company, LLC; 2013.
  • Tomkins L, Simpson P. Caring leadership: A heideggerian perspective. Organ Stud. 2015;36(8):1013–1031.
  • Kostich K, Lasiter S, Duffy JR, George V. The relationship between staff nurses’ perceptions of nurse manager caring behaviors and patient experience: A correlational study. J Nurs Adm. 2021;51(9):468–73.
  • Wolverton CL. Staff nurse perceptions’ of nurse manager caring behaviors: Psychometric testing of the Caring Assessment Tool-Administration (CAT-adm©). Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, 2016.
  • Putra KR, Sutadi H, Setyowati S, Hariyati RTS. The impact of nurse manager caring behaviors and work environment on burnout syndrome among nurses. Kontakt. 2021;23(2):1–7.
  • Şentürk SG, Küçükgüçlü Ö. Bridging Healing and Therapy: A Mixed-Methods Study on Support Group Intervention Based on Watson’s Theory of Human Caring. Holistic Nursing Practice, 2021;35(2), 81-91.
  • Mondol Hernández, D, Solano López, AL. Humanized oncology nursing care in a person with gastric cancer: A case report. Enfermería Clínica (English Edition), 2024; 34(3), 224-231.
  • Duffy, JR. Quality Caring in Nursing and Health Professions:Implications for Clinicians, Educators, and Leaders. Third Edition: Implications for Clinicians, Educators, and Leaders. New York, Springer Publishing Company, 2018.
  • Kostich K, Lasiter S, Gorrell R. Staff nurses’ perceptions of nurse manager caring behaviors: A scoping study. J Nurs Adm. 2020;50(5):293–299.
  • Wolverton CL, Sue L, Duffy JR, Weaver MT, Mc- Daniel AM. Psychometric testing of the caring assessment tool: Administration (CAT-Adm©). SAGE Open Med. 2018;6:1–11.
  • Fakunmoju SB. Validity of single-item versus multiple-item job satisfaction measures in predicting life: Satisfaction and turnover intention. Asia-Pacific Journal of Management Research and Innovation, (2020);16(3), 210-228.
  • Hasselhorn, H. M., Tackenberg, P. & Müller B. (Eds.). Next-Study group. Working conditions and intent to leave the profession among nursing staff in Europe. Stockholm: National Institute for Working Life 2003;7. İleri S,
  • Boz İ, Kocaman G. Turkish adaptation and psychometric testing of the caring assessment tool-administration. Perspect Psychiatr Care. 2022;58(2):584–91.
  • Schober, Patrick MD, PhD, MMedStat; Boer, Christa PhD, MSc; Schwarte, Lothar A. MD, PhD, MBA. Correlation Coefficients: Appropriate Use and Interpretation. Anesthesia & Analgesia 126(5):p 1763-1768, May 2018. | DOI: 10.1213/ ANE.0000000000002864
  • Yılmaz H, Kantek F. Türkiye’deki yönetici hemşirelerin liderlik tarzları : Literatür inceleme. Sağlık ve Hemşirelik Yönetimi Dergisi. 2016;3(2):110–117.
  • Baltaş A. Türk kültüründe yönetmek. İstanbul: Remzi Kitabevi. 2010;240.
  • Kostich K. The Relationship Between Staff Nurses’ Perceptions of Nurse Manager Caring Behaviors and Patient Experience: A Correlational Study. University of Missouri-Kansas City, 2020. https:// www.proquest.com/pagepdf/2434714591?accountid= 10527
  • Gadolin C, Skyvell Nilsson M, Larsman P, Pousette A, Törner M. Managing health care under heavy stress: Effects of the COVID‐19 pandemic on care unit managers’ ability to support the nurses—A mixed‐methods approach. Journal of Nursing Management, 2022, 30.8: 4080-4089.
  • Taşkaya S, Aksoy A. Türkiye’de Sağlık Çalışanlarında İş Tatmini ile İşten Ayrılma Niyeti Arasındaki İlişki: Bir Meta-Analiz Çalışması. Hacettepe Sağlık İdaresi Dergisi, 2023;26(1), 115-132.
  • Essex R, Kennedy J, Miller D, Jameson J. A scoping review exploring the impact and negotiation of hierarchy in healthcare organisations. Nursing Inquiry, 2023;30(4), e12571.
  • Yapıcı D, Yürümezoğlu HA. Klinik hemşirelerinin sağlıklı çalışma ortamı standartlarına göre çalışma ortamlarını değerlendirmeleri. Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Hemşirelik Fakültesi Elektronik Dergisi, 2021; 14(3), 240-252.
There are 43 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Nursing Management
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Serap İleri 0000-0003-2031-996X

Gülseren Kocaman 0000-0002-4078-1652

Publication Date November 17, 2025
Submission Date December 20, 2024
Acceptance Date May 26, 2025
Published in Issue Year 2025 Volume: 4 Issue: 3

Cite

Vancouver İleri S, Kocaman G. Hemşirelerin, Yönetici Hemşire Yaklaşımları Algısı ile İşe Yönelik Tutumları Arasındaki İlişkinin İncelenmesi. Akd Nurs J. 2025;4(3):100-1.