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Türkçenin Kıbrıs Rumcası Üzerindeki Etkisi

Year 2024, Issue: 16, 103 - 119, 31.07.2024
https://doi.org/10.46628/itbhssj.1400091

Abstract

Kıbrıs, 1571’de Osmanlılar tarafından fethedildiğinde yerli halkın çoğunluğu Ortodoks inancına mensup Hristiyan Rumlardı. Fetihten sonra adaya Anadolu’dan göç eden Müslüman Türkler de yerleşmiştir. Böylece ada nüfusunun en büyük iki topluluğunu oluşturan Rumlar ve Türkler, yaklaşık üç yüzyıl boyunca, Osmanlı idaresinde birlikte yaşamışlardır. Bu süreçte, adada iki dillilik fenomeninin görülmesi kaçınılmazdır. Toplumlar arası ilişkiler nedeniyle adada konuşulan Türkçe ve Rumca arasında etkileşimler oluşmuştur. Her iki halk da diğerinin dilinden ödünç kelimeler almıştır. Bugüne kadar yapılan çalışmalarda, genel kanı, Türklerin adada Rumlardan sayıca az olmaları nedeniyle, Türkçenin Kıbrıs’ta konuşulan Rumcayı çok fazla etkilemediği doğrultusundadır. Ancak bu konuda yeterince çalışma yapıldığı söylenemez. Bu çalışmada, ada Rumcasına Türkçeden geçen sözcüklere odaklanılmıştır. Türkçe kökenli sözcükler, bunların aldıkları yeni biçimler ve bunlardan türetilen sözcükler belirlenmiştir. Elde edilen bulgular ışığında, toplumdilbilimsel bir yaklaşımla, Türkçenin, Kıbrıs Rumcası üzerindeki etkisi tartışılmıştır.

Ethical Statement

Bu makale, 17-18 Eylül 2021 tarihlerinde Kıbrıs Lefkoşa’da düzenlenen “Bilinmeyen Türk Dünyası” Uluslararası Konferansı’nda sunulan bildiriden geliştirilmiştir.

References

  • Beckingham, C. F. (1957). The Turks of Cyprus. The Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland, 87(2), 165–174. https://doi.org/10.2307/2844102
  • Clyne, M. (1997). Multilingualism. In F. Coulmas (Ed.), The handbook of sociolinguistics (pp. 301-314). Blackwell Publishing.
  • Coulmas, F. (2018). An introduction to multilingualism. Oxford University Press.
  • Demir, N. (2018). Cypriot Turkish. In C. Bulut (Ed.), Turcologica 111 linguistic minorities in Turkey and Turkic-speaking minorities of the periphery (pp. 45–72). Harrassowitz.
  • Djité, P. G. (2008). The sociolinguistics of development in Africa. Multilingual matters.
  • Gezer, D. (2020, November 17th). Hükümet 5 tambura dört okka. Kıbrıs Manşet. Retrieved January 16, 2024 from kibrismanset.com.
  • Gökçeoğlu, M. (2010). Kıbrıs Türk küme sözler sözlüğü. Gökçeoğlu Yayınları.
  • Hakeri, B. H. (2003). Hakeri’nin Kıbrıs Türkçesi sözlüğü. Samtay Vakfı Yayınları.
  • Hatzipieris, G., & Kabataş, O. (2015). Kıbrıs Türk ve Rum diyalektlerinin ortak sözlüğü. Self-published.
  • Kabataş, O. (2007). Kıbrıs Türkçesinin etimolojik sözlüğü. Kıbrıs Yazarlar Birliği.
  • Karyolemou, M. (2005). From linguistic liberalism to legal regulation the Greek language in Cyprus. In A. Papapavlou (Ed.), Contemporary sociolinguistic issues in Cyprus (pp. 27-50). University Studio Press.
  • Maher, J. (2010). Metroethnicities and metrolanguages. In N. Coupland (Ed.), The handbook of language and globalisation (pp. 575-91). Willey-Blackwell.
  • Papanisiforou, M. P. (2004). Idiomatismoi kai alligorikes Ekfraseis tis Kypriakis Dialektou. Parga.
  • Papapavlou, A. N. (1994). Language contact & lexical borrowing in the Greek Cypriot dialect. N. C. Grivas Publications.
  • Sesli Sözlük. (2022). Okka. Retrieved January 16, 2024 from seslisozluk.net.
  • Sesli Sözlük. (2022). Tambura. Retrieved January 16, 2024 from seslisozluk.net.
  • Sridhar, K. K. (1996). Societal multilingualism. In S. L. McKay and N. H. Hornberger (Eds), Sociolinguistics and language teaching (pp. 47-70). Cambridge University Press.
  • Trask, R. L. (2000). The dictionary of historical and comparative linguistics. Psychology Press.
  • Trudgill, P. (2003). A glossary of sociolinguistics. Edinburgh University Press.
  • Türk Dil Kurumu Sözlükleri. (n.d.). Eksik olsun. Retrieved January 16, 2024 from sozluk.gov.tr.
  • Varella, S. (2006). Language contact and the lexicon in the history of Cypriot Greek. Peter Lang.
  • Wei, L. (2000). Dimensions of bilingualism. In L. Wei (Ed.), The bilingualism reader (pp. 3-25). Routledge.
  • Weinreich, U. (1979). Languages in contact findings and problems. Mouton Publishers.
  • Yenidüzen (2019, June 10th). Kıbrıs İki Dillilik Derneği kuruldu [The Association of Bilingualism in Cyprus was founded]. Retrieved January 16, 2024 from yeniduzen.com.
  • Yiangoullis, Κ. Υ., (2003). Οι Τουρκικές λέξεις της Κυπριακής διαλέκτου Türk sözleri Kıbrıs’ın lehçede. Library of Cypriot Folk Poets.

The Influence of Turkish on Cypriot Greek

Year 2024, Issue: 16, 103 - 119, 31.07.2024
https://doi.org/10.46628/itbhssj.1400091

Abstract

When Cyprus was conquered by the Ottomans in 1571, the majority of the local population were Orthodox Greek Christians. After the conquest, Muslim Turks who migrated from Anatolia also settled on the island. Thus, Greeks and Turks, who constituted the two largest communities of the island's population, lived together under Ottoman rule for nearly three centuries. As part of this, the phenomenon of bilingualism was inevitable. Because of inter-community relations, there were interactions between the Turkish and Greek languages spoken on the island. Both communities borrowed words from each other's languages. In the studies conducted to date, the general opinion is that Turkish has not had much influence on the Greek spoken in Cyprus, since the Greeks outnumber the Turks on the island. However, it cannot be said that sufficient studies have been carried out on this subject. The present study focuses on Turkish loanwords in the island's Greek language. Words of Turkish origin, the new forms they have taken, and the words derived from them have been identified. In the light of the findings, and using a sociolinguistic approach, the influence of Turkish on Cypriot Greek is discussed.

Ethical Statement

This article has been developed from the paper presented at the International Conference “The Unknown Turkic World”, which was held on September 17-18, 2021, in Nicosia, Cyprus

References

  • Beckingham, C. F. (1957). The Turks of Cyprus. The Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland, 87(2), 165–174. https://doi.org/10.2307/2844102
  • Clyne, M. (1997). Multilingualism. In F. Coulmas (Ed.), The handbook of sociolinguistics (pp. 301-314). Blackwell Publishing.
  • Coulmas, F. (2018). An introduction to multilingualism. Oxford University Press.
  • Demir, N. (2018). Cypriot Turkish. In C. Bulut (Ed.), Turcologica 111 linguistic minorities in Turkey and Turkic-speaking minorities of the periphery (pp. 45–72). Harrassowitz.
  • Djité, P. G. (2008). The sociolinguistics of development in Africa. Multilingual matters.
  • Gezer, D. (2020, November 17th). Hükümet 5 tambura dört okka. Kıbrıs Manşet. Retrieved January 16, 2024 from kibrismanset.com.
  • Gökçeoğlu, M. (2010). Kıbrıs Türk küme sözler sözlüğü. Gökçeoğlu Yayınları.
  • Hakeri, B. H. (2003). Hakeri’nin Kıbrıs Türkçesi sözlüğü. Samtay Vakfı Yayınları.
  • Hatzipieris, G., & Kabataş, O. (2015). Kıbrıs Türk ve Rum diyalektlerinin ortak sözlüğü. Self-published.
  • Kabataş, O. (2007). Kıbrıs Türkçesinin etimolojik sözlüğü. Kıbrıs Yazarlar Birliği.
  • Karyolemou, M. (2005). From linguistic liberalism to legal regulation the Greek language in Cyprus. In A. Papapavlou (Ed.), Contemporary sociolinguistic issues in Cyprus (pp. 27-50). University Studio Press.
  • Maher, J. (2010). Metroethnicities and metrolanguages. In N. Coupland (Ed.), The handbook of language and globalisation (pp. 575-91). Willey-Blackwell.
  • Papanisiforou, M. P. (2004). Idiomatismoi kai alligorikes Ekfraseis tis Kypriakis Dialektou. Parga.
  • Papapavlou, A. N. (1994). Language contact & lexical borrowing in the Greek Cypriot dialect. N. C. Grivas Publications.
  • Sesli Sözlük. (2022). Okka. Retrieved January 16, 2024 from seslisozluk.net.
  • Sesli Sözlük. (2022). Tambura. Retrieved January 16, 2024 from seslisozluk.net.
  • Sridhar, K. K. (1996). Societal multilingualism. In S. L. McKay and N. H. Hornberger (Eds), Sociolinguistics and language teaching (pp. 47-70). Cambridge University Press.
  • Trask, R. L. (2000). The dictionary of historical and comparative linguistics. Psychology Press.
  • Trudgill, P. (2003). A glossary of sociolinguistics. Edinburgh University Press.
  • Türk Dil Kurumu Sözlükleri. (n.d.). Eksik olsun. Retrieved January 16, 2024 from sozluk.gov.tr.
  • Varella, S. (2006). Language contact and the lexicon in the history of Cypriot Greek. Peter Lang.
  • Wei, L. (2000). Dimensions of bilingualism. In L. Wei (Ed.), The bilingualism reader (pp. 3-25). Routledge.
  • Weinreich, U. (1979). Languages in contact findings and problems. Mouton Publishers.
  • Yenidüzen (2019, June 10th). Kıbrıs İki Dillilik Derneği kuruldu [The Association of Bilingualism in Cyprus was founded]. Retrieved January 16, 2024 from yeniduzen.com.
  • Yiangoullis, Κ. Υ., (2003). Οι Τουρκικές λέξεις της Κυπριακής διαλέκτου Türk sözleri Kıbrıs’ın lehçede. Library of Cypriot Folk Poets.
There are 25 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Development Studies (Other)
Journal Section Conference Proceedings
Authors

Ahmet Yıkık 0000-0002-5796-7058

Early Pub Date July 31, 2024
Publication Date July 31, 2024
Submission Date December 4, 2023
Acceptance Date June 14, 2024
Published in Issue Year 2024 Issue: 16

Cite

APA Yıkık, A. (2024). The Influence of Turkish on Cypriot Greek. Artuklu Humanities(16), 103-119. https://doi.org/10.46628/itbhssj.1400091