Investigation of the antifungal activity of lichen (Usnea longissima) extracts against Fusarium graminearum

Abstract

The aim of this study was to investigate the antifungal effects and molecular changes caused by Usnea longissima Ach. extracts against Fusarium greaminearum. In agar well diffusion assay, the zone of inhibition increased as the concentration increased in both of methanol and acetone extracts (1, 10, 20 and 50 mg/ml). In terms of bioactivities, 1 mg/ml was active, while other concentrations were very active. At the molecular level, changes caused by 50 mg/ml methanol extract was analyzed by qPCR with terms of cat, mst20, and tri5 genes, which are associated with antioxidation, apoptosis, and trichothecene production, respectively. Transcript levels of tri5 decreased (0.29 fold) while cat (2.41 fold) and mst20 (1.48 fold) increased. Findings from this study showed that U. longissima extracts could be natural antifungal agent against worldwide phytopathogen F. graminearum.

Keywords

• Agar well diffusion assay
• Fusarium graminearum
• gene expression
• Usnea longissima

Liken (Usnea longissima) ekstraktlarının Fusarium graminearum’a karşı antifungal aktivitesinin araştırılması

Abstract

Bu çalışmanın amacı, Usnea longissima ekstraktlarının Fusarium greaminearum’a karşı neden olduğu antifungal etkileri ve moleküler değişiklikleri araştırmaktır. Agar kuyu difüzyon testinde, hem metanol hem de aseton özütlerinde (1, 10, 20 ve 50 mg/ml) konsantrasyon arttıkça inhibisyon bölgesi arttı. Biyoaktiviteler açısından bakıldığında, 1 mg/ml konsatrasyon aktifken, diğer konsantrasyonlar çok aktifti. Moleküler düzeyde, 50 mg/ml metanol özütünün neden olduğu değişiklikler, sırasıyla antioksidasyon, apoptoz ve trikotesen üretimi ile ilişkili cat, mst20 ve tri5 genleri açısından qPCR ile analiz edildi. tri5’in transkript seviyeleri azalırken (0.29 kat), cat (2.41 kat) ve mst20 (1.48 kat) arttı. Bu çalışmadan elde edilen bulgular, U. longissima ekstraktlarının dünya çapında fitopatojen F. graminearum’a karşı doğal antifungal ajan olabileceğini göstermektedir.

Keywords

• Agar kuyu difüzyon testi
• Fusarium graminearum
• gen ekspresyonu
• Usnea longissima

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