Yerel ekmeklik buğday çeşitlerinin hasat öncesi çimlenme toleransı ve kalite özelliklerinin belirlenmesi

Year 2024, , 84 - 96, 15.11.2024

Nevzat Aydın , Cafer Akyürek , Mustafa Çakmak , Yalçın Coşkuner , Dilek Karabaş Mutlu , Cemal Şermet , Bedrettin Demir , Tuğba Güleç

https://doi.org/10.30616/ajb.1452342

Abstract

Bu çalışmada, Türkiye'deki bazı buğday yerel çeşitler ve modern çeşitlerin hasat öncesi filizlenme toleransı ve bazı kalite özellikleri belirlenmiştir. Türkiye'nin Eskişehir, Karaman ve Samsun lokasyonlarında 2014-2015 yetiştirme sezonlarında 126 genotip, 2015-2016 ve 2016-2017 yetiştirme sezonlarında ise 48 genotip iki tekerrürlü denemelerde test edilmiştir. Genotiplerin çimlenme indeksi, protein içeriği, sedimantasyon hacmi ve düşme sayısına ilişkin verileri alınmıştır. Tanenin fiziksel özellikleri, başaklanma gün sayısı ve bitki boyu da araştırılmıştır. Genotipler arasındaki farkın tüm özellikler açısından istatistiksel olarak önemli olduğu belirlenmiştir. Genotiplerin çimlenme indeksinin 2015-2016 ve 2016-2017 yetiştirme sezonları için sırasıyla 0,19 ile 0,70 arasında değiştiği tespit edilmiştir. Kırmızı taneli genotiplerin ortalama çimlenme indeksi değeri beyaz taneli genotiplere göre daha düşük bulunmuştur. Araştırmaya dahil edilen Türkiye'deki yerel çeşitlerin daha uzun boylu ve hasada kadar geçen sürenin daha uzun olduğu belirlenmiştir. Tüm genotipler karşılaştırıldığında modern çeşitler sedimantasyon hacmi açısından ilk sıralarda yer almışlardır. Yerel çeşitler modern çeşitlere göre daha yüksek protein içeriğine ancak daha düşük protein kalitesine sahiptir. Üç yılda yerel çeşitlerin tane sertliği modern çeşitlerden daha düşük olmuştur. Çimlenme indeksi, tane doldurma süresi, bin tane ağırlığı ve tane rengi arasında pozitif ilişki olduğu belirlenmiştir. Protein içeriği, sedimantasyon hacmi, düşme sayısı ve tane sertliği çimlenme indeksi ile negatif ve önemli ölçüde ilişkilidir. Sonuçlar, beyaz taneli Clark's Cream ve kırmızı taneli Karakılçık (1) genotiplerinin ekmeklik buğdaylarda hasat öncesi çimlenme toleransı ıslahında gen kaynağı olarak kullanılabileceğini göstermiştir.

Keywords

Hasat öncesi çimlenme, ekmeklik buğday, yerel çeşit, kalite özellikleri

Project Number

TUBİTAK 113O913

Determination of pre-harvest sprouting tolerance and quality traits of the bread wheat landraces

Abstract

In this study, pre-harvest sprouting tolerance and some quality characteristics of some wheat landraces and modern varieties in Turkey were determined. In Eskişehir, Karaman and Samsun locations of Turkey, 126 genotypes were tested in the 2014-2015 growing seasons, and 48 genotypes were tested in the 2015-2016 and 2016-2017 growing seasons in two-replication experiments. Data regarding germination index, protein content, sedimentation volume and falling number of genotypes were observed. Physical properties of grain, the number of days to spike, and plant height were also investigated. The difference between genotypes was found to be statistically significant for all traits. We found the germination index of the genotypes varied between 0.19 and 0.70 for the 2015-2016 and 2016-2017 growing seasons, respectively. The average germination index value of red kernel genotypes is lower than white kernel genotypes. The landraces from Turkiye included in the research were taller and harvested lately. In comparison, modern genotypes are in the first place regarding sedimentation volume. The landraces had higher protein content but lower protein qualities than modern cultivars. The grain hardness of landraces was lower than that of modern cultivars in the three years. We found positive relationships between the germination index, grain filling time, thousand-grain weight, and grain color. Protein content, sedimentation volume, falling number, and grain hardness are negatively and significantly related to the germination index. The results showed that white kernel Clark's Cream and red kernel Karakılçık (1) genotypes could be used as gene sources for pre-harvest sprouting tolerance breeding in bread wheat.

Keywords

Pre-harvest sprouting, bread wheat, landrace, quality characteristics

Supporting Institution

TUBİTAK 113O913

Project Number

TUBİTAK 113O913

Thanks

This research was carried out within the scope of TUBITAK supported project numbered 113O913.

References

• Abe F, Haque E, Hisano H (2019) Genome-edited triple-recessive mutation alters seed dormancy in wheat. Cell Reproducion 28: 1362-1369.
• Aghanejad M, Mahfoozi S, Sharghi Y (2015). Effects of late-season drought stress on some physiological traits yield and yield components of wheat genotypes. International Journal 7(1): 1426-1431.
• Barrero JM, Cavanagh C, Verbyla KL, Tibbits JFG, Verbyla AP, Huang BE, RosewarneGM, Stephen S, Wang P, Whan A, Rigault P, Hayden MJ,GublerF (2015). Transcriptomic analysis of wheat near-isogenic lines identifies PM19-A1 and A2 as candidates for a major dormancy QTL. Genome Biology 16(1): 93.
• Bassoi MC, Flintham J,Riede CR (2006). Analysis of Pre-harvest sprouting resistance in bread wheat 259 sprouting in three Brazilian wheat populations. Pesquisa Agro. Brasileira 41(4): 583-590.
• Bohn M, UtzHF, Melchinger AE (1998). Genetic similarities among winter wheat cultivars determined on the basis of RFLPs, AFLPs, Their Use for Predicting Progeny Variance. Crop Science 39(1): 228-237.
• Cabral AL, Jordan MC, McCartney CA, You FM, Humphreys DG, MacLachlan R, Pozniak CJ (2014). Identification of candidate genes, regions and markers for pre-harvest sprouting resistance in wheat. BMC Plant Biology 14: 340.
• Coşkuner Y, Ercan R, Karababa E,Nazlıcan AN (2002). Physical and chemical properties of chufa (Cyperus esculentus L.) tubers grown in the Çukurova region of Turkey. J. Sci. Food Agriculture82(6): 625-631.
• DePauw RM, McCaig TN (1983). Recombining dormancy and white seed color in a spring wheat cross. Canadian Journal Plant Science 63:581-589.
• Elgün A, Ertugay Z, Certel M, Kotancıla HG (2002). Tahıl ve ürünlerindeanalitik kalite kontrolü ve laboratuvar klavuzu (3. baskı). Erzurum: Atatürk Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Yayınları.
• Gautam N, Garg S,Yadav S (2021). Underutilized finger millet crop for starch extraction, characterization, and utilization in the development of flexible thin film. Journal Food Science Technology 58(11): 4411-4419.
• Gavazza MIA, Bassoi MC, de Carvalho TC, Filho JCB, Panobianco M (2012). Methods for assessment of pre harvest sprouting in wheat cultivars. Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira 47(7):928-933.
• Hanft JM, Wych RD (1982). Visual indicators of physiological maturity in hard red spring wheat. Crop Science 22:584-587.
• Köksel H, Sivri D, Özboy Ö, Başman A, Karacan H (2000). HububatLaboratuarı El Kitabı. Ankara: Hacettepe Üniversitesi Yayınları.
• Kruger J, Tipples KH (1982). Comparison of the Hagberg Falling number and modified grain amylase analyzer methods for estimating sprout damage in rye. Canadian Journal Plant Science6: 839-844.
• KulwalPL, Kumar N, GaurAKhurana P, Khurana JP, Tyagi AK. Balyan HS, Gupta PK(2005). Mapping of a major QTL for pre-harvest sprouting tolerance on chromosome 3A in bread wheat. Theoretical Application Genetic 111: 1052-1059.
• Lawson WR, Godwin ID, Cooper M, Brennan PS (1997). Genetic analysis of pre-harvest sprouting tolerance in three wheat crosses. Australian Journal Agricultural Resource 48: 215-221.
• Lin M, Cai S, Wang S, Liu S, Zhang G, Bai G (2015). Genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS) identified SNP tightly linked to QTL for pre-harvest sprouting resistance. Theoretical and Applied Genetics 128: 1385-1395.
• Lin M, Zhang D, Liu S, Zhang G, Yu J,Fritz AK (2016). Genome-wide association analysis on pre-harvest sprouting resistance and grain color in U.S. winter wheat. BMC Genomic 17: 794.
• Liu S, Cai S, Graybosch R, ChenC, Bai G (2008). Quantitative trait loci for resistance to pre-harvest sprouting in US hard white winter wheat Rio Blanco. Theoretical Application Genetic117:691-699.
• Maghirang EB, Lookhart GL, Bea SR, Pierce RO, Xie F, Caley MS, Wilson JD, Seabourn BW, Ram MS, Park SH, Chung OK, Dowell FE (2006). Comparison of quality characteristics and breadmaking functionality of hard red winter and hard red spring wheat. Cereal Chemistry 83:520-528.
• Marcinska I, Czyczyło-Mysza I, Skrzypek E, Filek M, Grzesiak S, Grzesiak MT, Janowiak F, Hura T, Dziurka M, Dziurka K, Nowakowska A,Quarrie SA (2013). Impact of osmotic stress on physiological ve biochemical characteristics in drought-susceptible ve drought-resistant wheat genotypes. Acta Physiologiae Plantarum 35:451-461.
• Mares D, Mrva K (2014). Wheat grain preharvest sprouting and late maturity alpha-amylase. Planta 240: 1167-1178.
• Mares D, Mrva J, Cheong K, Williams B, Watson E, Storlie M, Sutherland Y (2005). A QTL located on chromosome 4A associated dormancy in white- and red-grained wheats of diverse origin. Theoretical Application Genetic 111: 1357-1364.
• Miao C, Wang Z, Zhang L, Yao J, Hua K,Liu X (2019). The grain yield modulator miR156 regulates seed dormancy through the gibberellin pathway in rice. National Communication 10: 1-12.
• Munkvold JD, Tanaka J, Benscher D, Sorrells ME (2009). Mapping quantitative loci for preharvest sprouting resistance in white wheat. Theoretical Application Genetic 119: 1223-1235.
• Newberry M, Zwart AB,Whan A (2018). Does late maturity alpha-amylase impact wheat baking quality? Frontiers Plant Science 9: 1356.
• Nonogaki H, Barrero JM, Li C (2018). Seed dormancy, germination, and pre-harvest sprouting. Frontiers Plant Ccience 9: 428588.
• Nyachiro JM, Clarke FR, DePauw RM, Knox RE,Armstrong KC (2002). Temperature effects on seed germination and expression of seed dormancy in wheat. Euphytica 126(1): 123-127.
• Ogbonnaya FC, Imtiaz M, Ye G, Hearnden PR, Hernandez E, Eastwood RF, Ginkel MV, Shorter SC, Winchester JM (2008). Genetic and QTL analyses of seed dormancy and preharvest sprouting resistance in the wheat germplasm CN10955. Theoretical Application Genetic 116: 891-902.
• Okada T, Ridma JEA, Jayasinghe M, Eckermann P, Nathan SP, Warner Y, Albertsen M, Wolters P, Fleury D, Baumann U, Whitford R (2019). Effects of Rht‑B1 ve Ppd‑D1 loci on pollinator traits in wheat. Theoretical Application Genetic 132: 1965-1979.
• Olaerts H, Courtin CM (2018). Impact of preharvest sprouting on endogenous hydrolases technological quality of wheat and bread. Comprehensive Reviews Food Science and Food Safety 17(3): 698-713.
• Patterson HD, Hunter EA (1983). The efficiency of incomplete block designsin national list and recommended list cereal variety trials. Journal Agrcultural Science 101(2): 427-433.
• Ral JP, Whan A, Larroque O, Leyne E, Pritchard J, Dielen AS, et al. (2016). Engineering high α-amylase levels in wheat grain lowers Falling Number but improves baking properties. Plant Biotechnology 14: 364-376.
• Rasul G, Humphreys GD, Wu J, Babel A, Fofana B, Glover KD (2012). Evaluation of preharvest sprouting traits in a collection of spring wheat germplasm using genotype and genotype x environment interaction model. Plant Breeding 131: 244-251.
• Sayaslan A, Seib PA, Chung OK (2006). Wet-milling properties of waxy wheat flours by two laboratory methods. Journal Food Engineering 72: 167-178.
• Shahwani AR, Baloch SU, Baloch SK, Mengal B, Bashir W, Baloch HN, Baloch RA, Sial AH, Sabiel SA, Razzaq K, Shahwani AA (2014). Influence of seed size on germinability and grain yield of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) varieties. Journal National Science Resource 4: 147-155.
• Shao M, Bai G, Rife WR, Polan J, Lin M, Liu S, Chen H, Kumssa T, Fritz A, Trick H, Li, Zhang G (2018). QTL mapping of pre-harvest sprouting resistance in white wheat cultivar Danby. Theoretical Application Genetic 3: 212-220.
• Shewry PR, Hey SJ (2015). The contribution wheat to human diet ve health. Food Energy Section 4(3): 178-202.
• Shu K, Meng YJ, Shuai HW, Liu WG, Du JB, Liu J, Yang WY (2015). Dormancy and germination: How does the crop seed decide?. Plant Biology 17(6): 1104-1112.
• Stoy V (2019). Progress and prospect in sprouting research.In: James E (ed.). In Third International Symposium On Preharvest Sprouting In Cereals, proceeding book, Vol. 1. CRC Press, pp. 3-7.
• Taghouti MF, Gabon N, Nsarellah R, Rhrib M, El-Haila M, Kamar F,Abbad-Andaloussi SM (2010). Genotype × environment interaction for quality traits in durum wheat cultivars adapted to different environments. African Journal Biotechnology 9: 3054-3062.
• Tai L, Wang H, Xu X, Sun W, Chen K,Ju L (2021). Cereal pre-harvest sprouting: agricultural disaster regulated by complex genetic and biochemical mechanisms. Journal Experiment Botany 72: 2857-2876.
• Tavella CM (1978). Date of heading and plant height of wheat varieties as related to septoria leaf blotch damage. Euphitica 27: 577-580.
• Tekdal S, Kendal E, Aktaş H, Karaman M, Doğan H, Bayram S, Düzgün M,Efe A (2017). Biplot analiz yöntemi ile bazı makarnalık buğday hatlarının verim ve kalite özelliklerinin değerlendirilmesi. Tarla Bitkileri Merkez Araştırma Enstitüsü Dergisi 26: 68-73.
• Thomas SG (2017). Novel Rht-1 dwarfing genes: tools for wheat breeding ve dissecting the function of DELLA proteins. Journal of Experiment Botany 68(3): 354-358.
• Walker-Simsons M, Sesing J (1990). Temperature effects on embryonic abscisic acid levels during development of wheat grain dormancy. Plant Growth Regulation 9: 51-56.
• Wang X, Liu H, Mia MS, Siddique KHM, Yan G (2018). Development of nearisogenic lines targeting a major QTL on 3AL for pre-harvest sprouting resistance in bread wheat. Crop Pasture Science 69(9): 864-72.
• Wang X, Liu H, Liu G, Mia MS, Siddique KHM, Yan G (2019). Phenotypic and genotypic characterization of near-isogenic lines targeting a major 4BL QTL responsible for pre-harvest sprouting in wheat. BMC Plant Biology 19(1): 348.
• Xu F, Tang J, Gao S, Cheng X, Du L, Chu C (2019). Control of rice pre-harvest sprouting by glutaredoxin-mediated abscisic acid signaling. Plant Journal 100: 1036-1051.
• Yang J, Tan C, Lang J, Tang H, Hao M, Tan Z (2019). Identification of qPHS.sicau-1B and qPHS.sicau-3D synthetic wheat for pre-harvest sprouting resistance wheat improvement. Molecular Breeding 39: 132. Zeeshan M, Arshad W, Khan MI, Ali S, Nawaz A, Batool A, Tariq M, Akram MI, Ali MA (2018). Breeding for pre-harvest sprouting resistance in wheat under rainfed conditions. Front Agricultural Science Engineer 5(2): 253-261.
• Zhou Y, Tang H, Cheng MP, Dankwa KO, Chen ZX, Li ZY (2017). Genome-wide association study for pre-harvest sprouting resistance in a large germplasm collection of Chinese wheat landraces. Frontiers Plant Science 8: 401.
• Zhu Y, Wang S, Wei W, Xie H, Liu K., Zhang C (2019). Genome-wide association study of pre-harvest sprouting tolerance using a 90K SNP array in common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Theoretical Application Genetic 132: 2947-2963.