Crataegus tanacetifolia’nın pomolojik özellikleri ve halk sağlığı açısından önemi

Abstract

Bu çalışma ile Türkiye’nin endemik bitkilerinden olan Crataegus tanacetifolia’nın pomolojik özellikleri ile allometrik ilişkileri ve bu türün halk sağlığı açısından öneminin belirlemesi amaçlanmıştır. Çalışmada Crataegus tanacetifolia ‘nın doğal yayılış alanından toplanan meyve örnekleri üzerinde pomolojik ölçümler yapılmıştır. Daha sonra meyve pomolojik özellikler ile allometrik ilişkiler belirlenmeye çalışılmıştır. Crataegus tanacetifolia'nın; meyve uzunluğu 15,3±1,70 mm, genişliği19,5±2,30mm, kalınlığı 18,85±2,30mm, ağırlığı 3,34±0,99g, meyve etli kısım ağırlığı 2,73±0,901g, meyve aritmetik ortalama çapı 17,89±2,04mm, meyve geometrik ortalama çapı 17,78±2,02mm, meyve küresellik indeksi 116,26±4,79%, meyve yüzey alanı 1005,55±223,28mm2, meyve görünüş oranı 0,79±0,05, meyve çekirdek oranı 0,19±0,04, meyve sapı 3,26±0,24mm, meyve eti sertliği 14,02±1,61 kg/cm2 ve meyve rengi (L*a*b) 71,54±0,92*9,34±1,82*60,62±3,11 olduğu bulunmuştur. Meyve rengi açık sarıdan açık pembeye kadar değişim göstermekte ve olgunlaşmamış meyvelerde baskın renk yeşildir. Çekirdek uzunluğu 7,20±0,51mm, genişliği 4,14±0,37mm, kalınlığı 5,42±0,43mm, ağırlığı 0,12±0,02g, hacmi 53,73±8,48mm3 ve çekirdek yüzey alanı 80,09±9,29 bulunmuştur. Meyve yüzey alanı ile meyve allometrik ilişkileri R²=0,9603 ve R²=0,8729 güven aralığında tanımlanan yüksek bir ilişki vardır. Meyve çekirdek oranı ve meyve boyutları arasındaki allometrik ilişkiler R²=0,3984 ve R²=0,5045 aralığındadır. Bu çalışmada Crataegus tanacetifolia’nın halk sağlığı açısından önemli olduğu, meyvelerinin gıda olarak tüketildiği belirlenmiştir.

Keywords

• Crataegus tanacetifolia
• halk sağlığı
• pomoloji
• alıç
• biyolojik çeşitlilik

The pomological characteristics and values for public health of Crataegus tanacetifolia

Abstract

This study aimed to determine the pomological characteristics and allometric relationships of Crataegus tanacetifolia, an endemic plant species in Türkiye, as well as to assess its significance for public health. Fruit samples collected from its natural habitat were subjected (Mihalıççık district of Eskişehir province, 1330-1350m) to pomological measurements. Subsequently, pomological characteristics were correlated with allometric relationships. The following pomological parameters were observed for Crataegus tanacetifolia: fruit length was 15.30±1.70mm, width was 19.51±2.30mm, thickness was 18.85±2.30mm, weight was 3.34±0.99g, flesh weight was 2.73±0.901g, arithmetic mean diameter was 17.89±2.04mm, geometric mean diameter was 17.78±2.02mm, sphericity index was 116.26±4.79%, surface area was 1005.55±223.28mm2, appearance ratio was 0.79±0.05, seed ratio was 0.19±0.04, peduncle length was 3.26±0.24mm, flesh hardness was 14.02±1.61kg/cm2, and fruit color (L*a*b) was 71.54±0.92*9.34±1.82*60.62±3.11. The fruit color ranged from light yellow to light pink, with green being the dominant color in unripe fruits. The seed length was 7.20±0.51 mm, width was 4.14±0.37mm, thickness was 5.42±0.43mm, weight was 0.12±0.02g, volume was 53.73±8.48mm3, and surface area was 80.09±9.29. There was a high relationship between fruit surface area and allometric relationships, with R²=0.9603 and R²=0.8729 confidence interval. The allometric relationships between seed ratio and fruit sizes were in the range of R²=0.3984 and R²=0.5045. In this study, it was determined that Crataegus tanacetifolia is important for public health, its fruits are used as food.

Keywords

• Crataegus tanacetifolia
• Public health
• Pomology
• Hawthorn
• Biological diversity

References

1. Acar İ, (2016). Bazı Japon grubu erik (Prunus salicina Lindl.) çeşitlerinin Gaziantep’teki performansları. Harran Tarım ve Gıda Bilimleri Dergisi 20(4): 247-252.
2. Akgün F, Tuğlu NS, Açıl YG, Eruygur N (2023). Investigation of in vitro antidiabetic and antioxidant activity of hawthorn vinegar obtained from endemic Crataegus tanacetifolia (Poir.) Pers. Eurasian Journal of Biological and Chemical Sciences 6(2): 104-108. https://doi.org/10.46239/ejbcs.1228402
3. Aveling TA (2014). Global standards in seed health testing. In: (Gullino ML, Munkvold G eds.) Global Perspectives on the Health of Seeds and Plant Propagation Material. Springer. pp. 17-28. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-9389-6_2
4. Balta M, Karakaya O, Ekici GK (2015). Çorum’da yetişen alıçların (Crataegus spp.) fiziksel özellikleri. Ordu Üniversitesi Bilim ve Teknoloji Dergisi 5(2): 35-41.
5. Benli M, Yiğit N, Geven F, Güney K, Bingöl Ü (2008). Antimicrobial activity of endemic Crataegus tanacetifolia (Lam.) Pers and observation of the inhibition effect on bacterial cells. Cell Biochemistry and Function: Cellular biochemistry and its modulation by active agents or disease 26(8): 844-851. https://doi.org/10.1002/cbf.1515
6. Birman H, Tamer Ş, Melikoğlu G, Meriçli, AH (2001). Hypotensive activity of Crataegus tanacetifolia. Journal of Faculty of Pharmacy of Istanbul University 34(2): 23-26.
7. Büyüksoy GDB (2019). Türkiye’nin bazı sağlık düzeyi göstergelerinin halk sağlığı görüşü açısından değerlendirilmesi. Halk Sağlığı Hemşireliği Dergisi 1(2): 49-59.
8. Cemeroğlu B (1992). Meyve ve sebze işleme endüstrisinde temel analiz metotları. Ankara: Biltav Yayınları.

9. Çalişkan O, Gündüz K, Serçe S, Toplu C, Kamiloğlu Ö, Şengül M, Ercişli S (2012). Phytochemical characterization of everal hawthorn (Crataegus spp.) species sampled from the Eastern Mediterranean region of Turkey. Pharmacognosy Magazine 8(29): 16. https://doi.org/10.4103/0973-1296.93305
10. Dönmez AA (2007). Taxonomic notes on the genus Crataegus (Rosaceae) in Turkey. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 155(2): 231-240.
11. Edwards JE, Brown PN, Talent, N, Dickinson TA, Shipley PR (2012). A review of the chemistry of the genus Crataegus. Phytochemistry 79: 5-26.
12. Ercisli S, Yanar M, Sengul M, Yildiz H, Topdas EF, Taskin T, Zengin Y, Yilmaz KU (2015). Physico-chemical and biological activity of hawthorn (Crataegus spp. L.) fruits in Turkey. Acta Scientiarum Polonorum Hortorum Cultus 14(1): 83-93.
13. Gürlen A, Gundogdu M, Ozer G, Ercisli S, Duralija B (2020). Primary, secondary metabolites and molecular characterization of hawthorn (Crataegus spp.) genotypes. Agronomy 10(11): 1731. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy10111731
14. Güven K, Yücel E, Cetintaş F (2006). Antimicrobial activities of fruits of Crataegus and Pyrus species. Pharmaceutical biology 44(2): 79-83. https://doi.org/10.1080/13880200600591253
15. Koçyıldız ZÇ, Birman H, Olgaç V, Akgün‐Dar K, Melikoğlu G, Meriçli AH (2006). Crataegus tanacetifolia leaf extract prevents L‐NAME‐induced hypertension in rats: a morphological study. Phytotherapy Research: An International Journal Devoted to Pharmacological and Toxicological Evaluation of Natural Product Derivatives 20(1): 66-70. https://doi.org/10.1002/ptr.1808
16. Mohsenin NN (2020). Physical properties of plant and animal materials: v. 2: physical characteristics and mechanical properties. London: Routledge.
17. Oktan V, Gündoğdu M, Çolak AM (2017). Uşak’ta yetişen farklı alıç (Crataegus spp.) genotipi meyvelerinin bazı kimyasal ve pomolojik karakterlerinin belirlenmesi. Journal of the Institute of Science and Technology 7(3): 39-44.
18. Owolarafe OK, Olabige, MT, Faborode MO (2007). Physical and mechanical properties of two varieties of fresh oil palm fruit. Journal of Food Engineering 78(4): 1228-1232.
19. Özdemir GB, Özdemir N, Ertekin‐Filiz B, Gökırmaklı Ç, Kök‐Taş T, Budak N. H (2022). Volatile aroma compounds and bioactive compounds of hawthorn vinegar produced from hawthorn fruit (Crataegus tanacetifolia (Lam.) Pers.). Journal of Food Biochemistry 46(3): 13676. https://doi.org/10.1111/jfbc.13676
20. Özderin S, Fakir H, Dönmez E (2016). Chemical properties of hawthorn (Crataegus L. spp.) taxa naturally distributed in Western Anatolia part of Turkey. Šumarski List 140(7-8): 369-375. https://doi.org/10.31298/sl.140.7-8.5
21. Özkan NG, Aslan S, Fırat, M (2014). Crataegus L. In: (Akkemik U edt.) Türkiye’nin Doğal-Egzotik Ağac ve Çalıları. Ankara: OGM Yayınları.
22. Özyürek M, Bener M, Güçlü K, Dönmez AA, Süzgeç-Selçuk S, Pırıldar S, Apak R (2012). Evaluation of antioxidant activity of crataegus species collected from different regions of Turkey. Records of Natural Products 6(3): 263-277.
23. Polatcı H, Taşova M (2017). Sıcaklık kontrollü mikrodalga kurutma yönteminin alıç (Crataegus spp. L.) meyvesinin kuruma karakteristikleri ve renk değerleri üzerine etkisi. Türk Tarım–Gıda Bilim ve Teknoloji Dergisi 5(10): 1130-1135. https://doi.org/10.24925/turjaf.v5i10.1130-1135.1201
24. Sacilik K, Öztürk R, Keskin,R (2003). Some physical properties of hemp seed. Biosystems engineering 86(2): 191-198.
25. Serçe S, Şimşek, ÖZHAN, Toplu C, Kamiloğlu Ö, Çalışkan O, Gündüz K, Kaçar YA (2011). Relationships among Crataegus accessions sampled from Hatay, Turkey, as assessed by fruit characteristics and RAPD. Genetic resources and crop evolution 58: 933-942. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10722-010-9633-x
26. Tamer AŞ (2001). Effects of Crataegus tanacetifolia extract on haemorheological parameters in rats. ACTA Pharmaceutica Sciencia 43(3): 165-168.
27. Tamer Ş, Birman H, Melikoğlu G, Meriçli AH (2000). The comparative investigation of the leaf, flower and fruit extracts of Crataegus tanacetifolia and the medicinal species C. monogyna on their effects on the cardiovascular system. ACTA Pharmaceutica Sciencia 42(4):125-127.
28. Tomar O, Çağlar A, Akarca G, Vatansever H (2020). Physicochemical and sensory quality properties of yellow hawthorn fruit (Crataegus tanacetifolia) vinegar produced by traditional fermentation method. Avrupa Bilim ve Teknoloji Dergisi (19): 176-181. https://doi.org/10.31590/ejosat.715699
29. Tözün M, Sözmen MK (2015). Halk sağlığı bakışı ile sağlık okuryazarlığı. Smyrna Tıp Dergisi 2: 48-54. TÜBIVES, Turkish Plants Data Service (2019). Crataegus tanacetifolia. Website: http://194.27.225.161/yasin/tubives (http://www.tubives.com) / [accessed 5 July 2022].
30. Yusuf JB, Meriçli AH (2016). Pharmacological activities of Crataegus species: A review. International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Development 3(4): 73-76.
31. Yücel D, Yücel E (2020). Plants used in complementary medicine in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases in Turkey. Journal of Applied Biological Sciences 14(1): 73-85.
32. Yücel E (2008). Tıbbi Bitkiler 1. Eskişehir: Cetemenler.
33. Yücel E (2012). Ağaçlar ve çalılar 1. İstanbul: Türmatsan.
34. Yücel E (2014). Türkiye’de Yetişen Tıbbi Bitkiler Tanıma Klavuzu. İstanbul: Türmatsan.