Investigation of the toxicity of ethanol extracts obtained from six different Satureja L. species on Colorado Potato Beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say, 1824), (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae)

Abstract

In the present study, ethanol extracts obtained from Satureja cilicica P. H. Davis, Satureja cuneifolia Ten, Satureja hortensis L., Satureja spicigera (C. Koch) Boiss., Satureja thymbra L. and Satureja montana L. were tested against on the adults and larvae of Colorado potato beetle (Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say, 1824)). The experiments were conducted in glass Petri dishes and vacuum desiccators including 15 individual for each period with three replicates under laboratory conditions. 10, 15 and 20 mg/mL doses of ethanol extracts conducted in the Petri dishes and the desiccators showed that depending on concentration increase and duration of exposure time resulted between 2.22-100% toxic effects on the potato beetle larvae and adults. In Petri trials, the highest mortality rate was recorded as 100% for the second larval stage at the 20 mg/mL dose of S. spicigera ethanol extract after 96 hours the treatment. In desiccator experiments, the highest toxicity rate was determined as 100% for first larval stage at the 20 mg/mL dose of S. thymbra ethanol extract after 96 hours of the application. In addition to, when LD values of the ethanol extracts were taken into account the highest toxicity of adult period was determined for S. thymbra extract (LD25: 0.000, LD50: 0.010 μL/insect), the lowest toxicity was determined for S. cilicica extract (LD90: 436.020 μL/insect). The results obtained from this study suggested that the ethanol extracts of tested Satureja L. species could be used for L. decemlineata larvae and adults as bio-larvicides and insecticides.

Keywords

• Ethanol extracts
• Leptinotarsa decemlineata
• Satureja species
• toxic effect

Altı farklı Satureja L. türünden elde edilen etanol ekstraktının Patates Böceği, Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say, 1824), (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) üzerindeki toksisitelerinin araştırılması

Abstract

Bu çalışmada, Satureja cilicica P. H. Davis, Satureja cuneifolia Ten, Satureja hortensis L., Satureja spicigera (C. Koch) Boiss., Satureja thymbra L. ve Satureja montana L. bitkilerinden elde edilen ethanol ekstraktları patates böceğinin ergin ve larvaları üzerinde test edilmiştir. Testler laboratuvar koşulları altında cam Petri ve vakumlu desikatörlere yerleştirilmiş her bir döneme ait 15 bireyde 3 tekerrürlü olarak yapılmıştır. Petri ve desikatör denemelerinde ethanol ekstraklarının 10, 15 ve 20 mg/mL’lik dozları konsantrasyon artışına ve maruz kalma süresine bağlı olarak patates böceği larva dönemleri ve erginleri üzerinde 2.22-100% oranında toksik etki göstermiştir. Petri denemelerinde, en yüksek ölüm oranı uygulanmadan 96 saat sonra S. spicigera ethanol ekstraktının 20 mg/mL’lik dozunda ikinci larva döneminde %100 olarak kaydedilmiştir. Desikatör denemelerinde ise, en yüksek toksisite oranı uygulamadan 96 saat sonra S. thymbra etanol ekstraktının 20 mg/mL’lik dozunda birinci larva dönemi için % 100 olarak belirlenmiştir. Ek olarak, etanol ekstraktlarının LD değerleri dikkate alındığında, en yüksek toksitite ergin dönemde S. thymbra ekstraktında (LD25: 0.000, LD50: 0.010 μL/böcek), en düşük toksitite ise S. cilicica ekstraktında (LD90: 436.020 μL/böcek) olarak belirlenmiştir. Bu çalışmadan elde edilen sonuçlar, test edilen Satureja L. türleri etanol ekstraklarının L. decemlineata larvaları ve yetişkinleri için biyo-larvisit ve insektisit olarak kullanılabileceğini göstermiştir.

Keywords

• Etanol ekstraktı
• Leptinotarsa decemlineata
• Satureja türleri
• toksik etki

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