Analysis of current beekeeping conditions: A case study in Turkey

Abstract

Turkey holds a significant place in the globe in terms of bee colonies and honey production because of the country's unique geographical and climate structure. Ordu province ranks first in Turkey for honey production. This study was carried out by interviewing 60 beekeepers from four different districts who were members of the Ordu province beekeeping cooperative to reveal their current beekeeping situation and to determine the factors affecting the adoption of beehives developed to increase honey production. Descriptive statistics and logistic models were used to analyze the data. One of the important findings of the study was that 93% of the beekeepers interviewed use traditional hives while using box hives at the same time. Traditional wooden hives were found to be used instead of box hives for reasons such as excessive humidity, a cold environment for bees, low production and, increased bee disease. Age groups of beekeepers had negatively influenced the adoption of the box hive. The education levels of the participants were primary and secondary education levels and their average age was calculated as 60.72. However, it was determined that 98.3% of the participating beekeepers received formal training in beekeeping. All participants emphasized that forests are very important for beekeeping. While all the participants stated that honey forests are also a useful and appropriate practice, 96.7% (n=58) stated that they were not adequately informed about honey forests. Therefore, the establishment of honey forests in order to rehabilitate the degraded forests and offer them to the forest villagers and rural people is important in terms of reducing the pressure on forests, protecting biodiversity and sustainable rural development.

Keywords

• Beekeeper
• forestry
• Honey production
• socio-economic

Sürdürülebilir orman yönetimi için mevcut arıcılık koşullarının analizi: Ordu ili örneği

Öz

Türkiye, sahip olduğu olağanüstü topografik ve iklim yapısının da desteğiyle dünyada arı kolonileri ve bal üretimi açısından çok önemli bir konuma sahiptir. Ordu ili Türkiye'de bal üretiminde ilk sırada yer almaktadır. Bu çalışma Ordu ili arıcılık kooperatifine kayıtlı dört farklı ilçeden 60 arıcı ile görüşülerek mevcut arıcılık durumlarını ortaya koymak ve bal üretimini artırmak için geliştirilmiş arı kovanlarının benimsenmesini etkileyen faktörleri belirlemek amacıyla gerçekleştirilmiştir. Elde edilen veriler tanımlayıcı istatistikler ve lojistik modellerle analiz edilmiştir Görüşülen arıcıların %93'ünün aynı anda kutu kovanları kullanırken hala geleneksel kovanları kullanması çalışmanın önemli bulgularından biri olmuştur. Yüksek nem, arılar için ortamın soğuk olması, verimin düşük olması ve arılarda hastalıkların artması gibi nedenlerle kutu kovan yerine ahşaptan yapılmış geleneksel kovanların kullanılmaya devam edildiği görülmüştür. Katılımcıların eğitim düzeyleri ilk ve orta öğretim düzeyinde olup yaş ortalamaları ise 60,72 olarak hesaplanmıştır. Bununla birlikte katılımcı arıcıların %98,3'ünün arıcılıkla ilgili resmi olarak bir eğitim aldığı tespit edilmiştir. Tüm katılımcılar ormanların arıcılık için çok önemli olduğuna vurgu yapmıştır. Katılımcıların tamamı bal ormanlarının da faydalı ve uygun bir uygulama olduğunu belirtirken, %96,7'si (n=58) bal ormanları hakkında yeterince bilgilendirilmediklerini ifade etmiştir. Bu nedenle bozulmuş ormanların rehabilite edilerek orman köylülerine ve kırsal kesime sunulması amacıyla bal ormanlarının kurulması, ormanlar üzerindeki baskının azaltılması, biyolojik çeşitliliğin korunması ve sürdürülebilir kırsal kalkınma açısından önemlidir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Arıcı
• ormancılık
• Bal üretimi
• sosyo-ekonomik

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