Türkiye’nin yarı kurak bölgesi Anadolu karaçam ormanında bakının toprak özellikleri üzerine etkileri

Abstract

Bu çalışmada, Orta Anadolu’da aynı iklim, bitki örtüsü ve ana materyale sahip Anadolu karaçam ormanında bakının toprak fiziko-kimyasal özellikleri (toprak kalitesi göstergeleri) üzerine etkileri araştırılmıştır. Tüm bakılarda Anadolu karaçamı ana türdür. Meşe ve sedir tüm bakılarda, ardıç ise sadece kuzey bakıda karışıma katılmıştır. Toprak özellikleri üst toprakta (0-15 cm) 50x50 m grid sistemi ile belirlenmiştir. Toplam 150 adet toprak örneğinde fiziksel ve kimyasal analizler yapılmıştır. Tek yönlü varyans analizi sonucuna göre, organik karbon, toplam azot, hacim ağırlığı, pH ve toprak tekstürü arasındaki farklılıklar istatistiksel olarak anlamlıdır. Elde edilen sonuçlar, bakının güneşlenme, buharlaşma, biyolojik aktivite ve toprak nem içeriği üzerindeki doğrudan etkileri nedeni ile orman topraklarını etkilediğini göstermektedir.

Keywords

• Kuraklık
• Bakı
• Ayrışma
• mikro iklim
• eğim
• Türkiye

Influences of slope aspects on soil properties of Anatolian black pine forests in the semiarid region of Turkey

Abstract

This study assessed the influences of slope aspect on soil physicochemical properties (soil quality indicators) on contiguous south-north facing slopes and hill plain (ridge crest) of the mid-mountain in Central Anatolia, having the same climate, vegetation and parent material. Anatolian black pine (Pinus nigra subsp. Pallasiana var. Pallasiana (Arnold)) was the dominant, and Cedar (Cedrus libani A. Richard), oak (Quercus sp.) were the co-dominant species in all aspects, whereas juniper (Juniperus sp.) was only recorded in north-facing forests. Some of the soil properties were determined on a grid with a 50 m sampling distance on the topsoil (0-15 cm depth). Accordingly, a total of 150 samples were taken from the three adjacent aspects. The data was analyzed using one-way ANOVA statistical methods. The investigated soil variables were soil organic matter (SOM), soil organic carbon (SOC), total nitrogen (TN), bulk density (BD), texture, lime (CaCO3), and pH. The showed that differences between SOC, BD and soil texture were statistically significant at 0.05 levels. Topographic aspect induced microclimatic differences were found to be important factors for the significant variations in SOC stocks. The resulting analyses showed no significant variation (p < 0.05) across slope aspects for SOM, TN, lime, and pH. The differences may be attributed to topographic aspect induced microclimatic differences, which cause differences in the biotic soil component and organic matter trend and affect soil fertility. These results suggest that the slope aspect affects the soils of mountain forests through their direct influence on radiation, evaporation, biological activity, and soil moisture content.

Keywords

• Ardity
• Aspect
• Decomposition
• Slope
• microclimate
• slope
• Turkey

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