Impact of Agricultural Mechanizes Rain fed Scheme Expansion and Human Intervention on Natural Forests –Case study Upper Nile State, Southern Sudan.
Abstract
This study was
carried at northern Upper Nile State. The main objective is to study the impact
of Agricultural Mechanizes Rain fed Scheme Expansion on Natural Forests and
human intervention affecting natural forests in the area; it was focused on
vegetation cover, distribution and density. According to the differences in
woody cover which include quantity, types, density and the differences of the
factors affecting them, the area was subdivided into five strata, for ease of
study.
§ First stratum:
include the areas of agriculture schemes, (Goz Rom, Goz Fami and ElDola
schemes).
§
Second stratum: is the around villages areas, (El Gagier,
Renk, Shomidi, Gelhak, Palouge and Melut).
§
Third stratum: Charcoal and Gum production areas (around
Gelhak).
§
Fourth stratum: (Manpyok area in southeast Gelhak).
§
Fifth stratum: (Palouge and Adar Yale area).
The method of simple
randomized sampling of vegetation cover was specifically directed to the wood
strata. A 100 x 100m quadrates were laid at random on selected sites. Also a
questionnaire was prepared for data collection and the main target groups were
foresters and those who are related to natural forests, such as charcoal
makers, fuel wood cutters, nomads, gum producers, farmers, wildlife officers
and stockholders, 72 respondents were interviewed.The study found that there
were expansion of mechanized rainfed schemes, traditional rainfed (shifting and
monocropping), over grazing (cutting, lobbing and bending) of Acacia seyal, illegal cutting of Acacia seyal and other species for
firewood and charcoal production, over tapping in traditional ways, setting
uncontrolled fires in the natural forests. Also the study found that, there are
changes in vegetation cover and trees species. Acacia seyal, Balanites aegyptiaca and Acacia senegal
disappeared in many areas. They have been replaced by Acacia mellifera which become a dominant species in the study
area.The study recommended that to mitigate the effects of these factors and
utilize natural forests in a sustainable way, the integration and coordination
between sectors involve in natural resources’ planning, implementing,
evaluating and utilization in the area, should be activated.
Keywords
References
- Adam, A. M., 2007. Assessment of Some Environmental Dimensions of Rainfed Agriculture in Upper Nile State – Sudan, A case Study of Goz Roum Area. (Renk). M.Sc. Thesis – College of Forestry and Range Science, Sudan University of Science and Technology.
- Ajawin, O A., 2006. Soil degradation in Goz Rom Mechanized crop production Scheme in Northern Upper Nile Province (Renk). M.Sc. Thesis, Department of Geography, University of Khartoum.
- Anderson, A., 1990. Alternatives to Deforestation Steps Toward Sustainable Use of the Amazon Rain Forest. New York.
- FAO, 1993. The challenge of sustainable forest management, what future for the world’s forest, Rome.
- Garang, G. D., 1991. Upper Nile State at Present and Future.
- Joseph, K., 1948. Forest Influences (the effects of woody vegetation on climate, water, soil) USA.
- Khairalseed, A.R., 2015. Desertification in Sudan, Concept, Causes and Control, Journal of Science and Technology. Vol 5.No 2.
- Madon, G., 1999. An Assessment of Tropical Dry-land Forest Management in Africa: What Are Its Lessons? France.
- MFC El Renk, 2007. Reports of Agricultural rianfed schemes in the area.
- Odara, J., Deng, I., Band, N., 2004. Framework for Rehablitation ad Development of Post War Suoth Sudan, University of Bahr El Gazal, pp143.
Impact of Agricultural Mechanizes Rain fed Scheme Expansion and Human Intervention on Natural Forests –Case study Upper Nile State, Southern Sudan.
Abstract
This study was
carried at northern Upper Nile State. The main objective is to study the impact
of Agricultural Mechanizes Rain fed Scheme Expansion on Natural Forests and
human intervention affecting natural forests in the area; it was focused on
vegetation cover, distribution and density. According to the differences in
woody cover which include quantity, types, density and the differences of the
factors affecting them, the area was subdivided into five strata, for ease of
study.
§ First stratum:
include the areas of agriculture schemes, (Goz Rom, Goz Fami and ElDola
schemes).
§
Second stratum: is the around villages areas, (El Gagier,
Renk, Shomidi, Gelhak, Palouge and Melut).
§
Third stratum: Charcoal and Gum production areas (around
Gelhak).
§
Fourth stratum: (Manpyok area in southeast Gelhak).
§
Fifth stratum: (Palouge and Adar Yale area).
The method of simple
randomized sampling of vegetation cover was specifically directed to the wood
strata. A 100 x 100m quadrates were laid at random on selected sites. Also a
questionnaire was prepared for data collection and the main target groups were
foresters and those who are related to natural forests, such as charcoal
makers, fuel wood cutters, nomads, gum producers, farmers, wildlife officers
and stockholders, 72 respondents were interviewed.The study found that there
were expansion of mechanized rainfed schemes, traditional rainfed (shifting and
monocropping), over grazing (cutting, lobbing and bending) of Acacia seyal, illegal cutting of Acacia seyal and other species for
firewood and charcoal production, over tapping in traditional ways, setting
uncontrolled fires in the natural forests. Also the study found that, there are
changes in vegetation cover and trees species. Acacia seyal, Balanites aegyptiaca and Acacia senegal
disappeared in many areas. They have been replaced by Acacia mellifera which become a dominant species in the study
area.The study recommended that to mitigate the effects of these factors and
utilize natural forests in a sustainable way, the integration and coordination
between sectors involve in natural resources’ planning, implementing,
evaluating and utilization in the area, should be activated.
Keywords
References
- Adam, A. M., 2007. Assessment of Some Environmental Dimensions of Rainfed Agriculture in Upper Nile State – Sudan, A case Study of Goz Roum Area. (Renk). M.Sc. Thesis – College of Forestry and Range Science, Sudan University of Science and Technology.
- Ajawin, O A., 2006. Soil degradation in Goz Rom Mechanized crop production Scheme in Northern Upper Nile Province (Renk). M.Sc. Thesis, Department of Geography, University of Khartoum.
- Anderson, A., 1990. Alternatives to Deforestation Steps Toward Sustainable Use of the Amazon Rain Forest. New York.
- FAO, 1993. The challenge of sustainable forest management, what future for the world’s forest, Rome.
- Garang, G. D., 1991. Upper Nile State at Present and Future.
- Joseph, K., 1948. Forest Influences (the effects of woody vegetation on climate, water, soil) USA.
- Khairalseed, A.R., 2015. Desertification in Sudan, Concept, Causes and Control, Journal of Science and Technology. Vol 5.No 2.
- Madon, G., 1999. An Assessment of Tropical Dry-land Forest Management in Africa: What Are Its Lessons? France.
- MFC El Renk, 2007. Reports of Agricultural rianfed schemes in the area.
- Odara, J., Deng, I., Band, N., 2004. Framework for Rehablitation ad Development of Post War Suoth Sudan, University of Bahr El Gazal, pp143.
Details
| Primary Language | English |
|---|---|
| Subjects | Engineering |
| Journal Section | Articles |
| Authors | |
| Publication Date | August 7, 2019 |
| Submission Date | March 16, 2019 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2019 Volume: 5 Issue: 1 |
