Determination of Antibacterial Effect of Punica granatum Shell Extract

Abstract

Abstract: Punica granatum (Pomegranate) is used as fresh fruit or processed products such as pomegranate juice,

pomegranate sour and wine, jam. Although pomegranate is produced in our country, pomegranate shell is discarded

without use. In recent studies; P. granatum containing rich phenolic compounds is known to have antibacterial,

antifungal and antioxidant activity. The aim of this study was to investigate the antibacterial effect of P. granatum shell

extracts prepared by ethanol, methanol and distilled water mixture on bacteria isolated from degraded cheese and

salami samples by well diffusion method. In this study, identification of bacteria were performed by API biochemical

identification test kits. API® 20 Strep for Listeria monocytogenes, API® 20E for Salmonella typhimurium and API® Staph

test kits for Staphylococcus aureus were used. When the results of this study are evaluated, the zone diameters were

measured as 18-24 mm and it was determinated that P. granatum shell extract has antibacterial effect against to

isolated bacteria from salami and cheese samples.

Keywords

• Antibacterial activity,extract,inhibition zone,pomegranate,Punica granatum,well diffusion

References

1. Al-Zoreky, N. S. (2009). Antimicrobial Activity of Pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) Fruit Peels. International Journal of Food Microbiology. 134, 244-248.
2. Apaydın, E. (2008). Nar Suyu Konsantresi Üretim ve Depolama Süresince Antioksidan Aktivitedeki Değişimler. Yüksek Lisans Tezi (Basılmamış), Ankara Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Ankara.
3. Atya, Q. M., Karim, G. F. And AL-Salihi, S. Sh. (2018). The Antimicrobial Activity of Plant Extracts from Punica granatum, Camellia, and Prosopis farcta on Some Antibiotic Resistant Bacterial Species, Diyala Journal for Pure Sciences. 14, 3.
4. CLSI (2012). Performance Standards for Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing; Twenty-Second Informational Supplement. Clinical Standards Institue. 32(3), 27-70.
5. Dahham, S. S., Ali, M. N., Tabassum, H. and Khan, M. (2010). Studies on antibacterial and antifungal activity of pomegranate (Punica granatum L.). American-EurasianJournal of Agricultural & Environmental Sciences. 9(3), 273–281.
6. Duman, A. D., Ozgen, M., Dayisoylu, K. S., Erbil, N., Durgac, C. (2009). Antimicrobial Activity of Six Pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) Varieties and Their Relation to Some of Their Pomological and Phytonutrient Characteristics. Molecules. 14(5), 1808- 1817.
7. Fischer, U. A., Carle, R. and Kammerer, D. R. (2011). Identification and Quantification of Phenolic Compounds from Pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) Peel, Mesocarp, Ariland Differently Produced Juicesby HPLCDADESI/ MSn. Food Chem., 127, 807-821.
8. Gündoğdu, M., Yılmaz, H. (2012). Organicacid, phenolic profile and antioxidant capacities of pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) cultivars and selected genotypes. Sci. Hortic., 143, 38-42.

9. Hayrapetyan, H., Hazeleger, W. C., and Beumer, R. R. (2012). Inhibition of Listeria monocytogenes by pomegranate (Punica granatum) peel extract in meatpaté at different temperatures. Food Control. 23, 66-72.
10. Kanatt, S. R., Chander, R., and Sharma, A. (2010). Antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of pomegranate peel extract improve the shelf life of chicken products. International Journal of Food Science & Technology. 45(2), 216-222.
11. Li, Y., Guo, C., Yang, J., Wel, J., Xu, J. and Cheng, S. (2006). Evaluation of Antioxidant Properties of Pomegranate Peel Extract in Comparison with Pomegranate Pulp Extract. Food Chemistry. 96, 254-260.
12. Naveena, B. M., Sen, A. R., Vaithiyanathan, S., Babji, Y. and Kondaiah, N. (2008). Comparative efficacy of pomegranate juice, pomegranate rind powder and BHT in cooked chicken patties. Meat Sci., 80, 1304–1308.
13. Negi, P. S. and Jayaprakasha, G.K. (2003). Antioxidant and antibacterial activities of Punica granatum peel extracts J. FoodSci., 68, 1473–1477.
14. Nuamsetti, T., Dechayuenyong, P. & Tantipaibulvut, S. (2012). Antibacterial activity of pomegranate fruit peels and arils. Science Asia, 38(3), 319-22.