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Investigation of the Relationship between Prosocial and Play Behaviors of 60-72 Months-Old Children Attending Preschool Education

Year 2024, Volume: 12 Issue: 1, 17 - 32, 30.06.2024
https://doi.org/10.47215/aji.1409043

Abstract

This study was conducted to examine the prosocial behaviours and play behaviours of 60-72-month-old children attending preschool education and the relationship between these behaviours. For this purpose, the research was designed by adopting the correlational survey model. The sample of the study consisted of 300 children aged 60-72 months attending kindergartens in Turkey in the 2021-2022 academic year. "Penn Interactive Peer Play Scale-Teacher Form" and "Preschool Prosocial Behaviour Scale" were used in the study. It was determined that peer play behaviours differed statistically according to the variables of gender, age, parental education level, parental occupation, number of siblings, family income status and previous preschool education. Upon analyzing the prosocial skills of the children participating in the study, it was found that prosocial skills showed a statistically significant difference according to the variables of gender and previous pre-school education, but did not show a statistically significant difference according to the variables of age, parents' education level, parents' occupation, number of siblings and family income status. Another result of the study was that there was a positive relationship between children's prosocial behaviours and play interaction behaviours and a negative relationship between children's play disruptive behaviours.

References

  • Acer, S. (2018). Investigation of the relationship between value levels and peer play behaviors of 48-72-month-old children attending preschool education institution (Unpublished master thesis). Okan University, Istanbul.
  • Aktaş, V., & Güvenç, G. B. (2006). Relationships between aggressive and positive social behaviors and age, relational context and interpersonal sensitivity in boys and girls adolescents. Hacettepe University Faculty of Literature Journal, 23(2), 233-264.
  • Alisinanoğlu, F., & Kesicioğlu, O. S. (2010). Investigation of preschool children's behavior problems in terms of various variables (Giresun province example). Theoretical Education Science, 3(1), 93-110.
  • Altay, F. B., & Güre, A. (2012). The relationships between social competence and positive social behaviors of children attending preschool institutions (public-private) and their mothers' parenting styles. Educational Sciences in Theory and Practice, 12(4), 2699-2718. https://doi.org/10.12984/egeefd.526276
  • Aşık-Öztürk, M. (2018). Evaluation of play in group environments in preschool education institutions (Unpublished master thesis). Trakya University, Edirne.
  • Bağcı Çetin, B., & Öztürk Samur, A. (2018). Examining the relationship between prosocial behaviors of 60-72-month-old children and their parents' prosocial behaviors. Erzincan University Journal of Faculty of Education, 20(1), 1-17. https://doi.org/10.17556/erziefd.286651
  • Bağcı, B. (2015). Validity and reliability study of child and adult prosociality scales and examination of the relationship between child and parental prosocial behaviors (Unpublished master thesis). Adnan Menderes University, Aydın.
  • Bahadır, G. (2020). Investigation of 60-72-month-old children's peer play behaviors and social skills (Unpublished master thesis). Gazi University, Ankara.
  • Bayrak, Ş. (2019). Investigation of the relationship between 48-72-month-old children's interactive peer play behaviors and moral judgment levels (Unpublished master thesis). Istanbul Aydın University, Istanbul.
  • Coolahan, K., Fantuzzo, J., Mendez, J., & McDermott, P. (2000). Preschool peer interactions and readiness to learn: Relationships between classroom peer play and learning behaviors and conduct. Journal of Educational Psychology, 92(3), 458-465. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-0663.92.3.458
  • Çelik Kahraman, S. (2019). Development of pre-school prosocial behavior scale and examination of prosocial behaviors in 48-72-month-old children according to some variables (Unpublished master thesis). Gazi University, Ankara.
  • Çubukçu, A. (2019). Investigation of the relationship between prosocial behaviors of 48-72-month-old children and their mothers' prosocial behaviors and parental attitudes (Unpublished master thesis). Uludağ University, Bursa.
  • Değirmenci, Ş. (2016). Adaptation of "renewed knox pre-school play scale" for 48-72 months old children into Turkish and examination of its psychometric properties (Unpublished master thesis). Marmara University, Istanbul.
  • Dinç, B. (2002). Teachers' opinions on the effects of pre-school education on the social development of 4-5 year old children (Unpublished master thesis). Anadolu University, Eskişehir.
  • Durualp, E., & Aral, N. (2011). Play-based social skills education (1st ed.). Ankara: Vize Publishing.
  • Eisenberg, N., Spinrad, T. L., & Morris, A. S. (2013). Prosocial Development 13. The Oxford Handbook of Developmental Psychology.
  • Eisenberg, N., & Fabes, R. (1998). Prosocial development. In W. Damon & N. Eisenberg (Eds.), Handbook of child psychology: Social, emotional, and personality development (pp. 701-778), New York, NY: Wiley.
  • Erten Sarıkaya, H. (2021). The effect of preschool teachers' communication skills psycho-education program on teacher's communication skills and 5-year-old children's social-emotional adjustment levels and prosocial behaviors (Unpublished doctoral dissertation). Pamukkale University, Denizli.
  • Ferreira, T., Cadima, J., Matias, M., Vieira, J. M., Leal, T., & Matos, P. M. (2016). Preschool children’s prosocial behavior: The role of mother–child, father–child and teacher–child relationships. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 25, 1829-1839. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10826-016-0369-x
  • Gülay Ogelman, H., & Sarıkaya, H. E. (2014). The predictive effect of preschool children's play behaviors on peer relationships. Abant İzzet Baysal University Journal of Institute of Social Sciences, 14(3), 301- 321.
  • Günal, N. (2019). Examination of preschool children's playing tendencies and learning styles in terms of various variables (Unpublished master thesis). Gazi University, Ankara.
  • Günindi, N. (2008). Investigation of the relationship between social adjustment skills of six-year-old children attending preschool education institutions and empathic skills of their parents (Unpublished master thesis). Gazi University, Ankara.
  • Hay, D. F., Payne, A., & Chadwick, A. (2004). Peer relations in childhood. The Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 45, 84-108. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.0021-9630.2003.00308.x
  • Kadim, M. (2012). Examination of preschool teachers' self-efficacy towards play teaching (Unpublished master thesis). Abant İzzet Baysal University, Bolu.
  • Karasar, N. (2012). Scientific research method: Concepts, principles, techniques. Ankara: Nobel Publication. Kerlinger, F. N., & Lee, H. B. (1999). Foundations of behavioral research. New York: Harcourt College Publishers.
  • Kılınç, N. (2016). Investigation of the relationship between 5-6 years old children's social skills and problem behaviors and play behaviors (Unpublished master thesis). Karabuk University, Karabuk.
  • Kozikoğlu, İ. (2019). Investigation of play behaviors of children attending preschool education institutions. AJESI - Anadolu Journal of Educational Sciences International, 9(2), 787-817. https://doi.org/10.18039/ajesi.582075
  • Köster, M., Ohmer, X., Nguyen, T. D., & Kärtner, J. (2016). Infants understand others’ needs. Psychological science, 27(4), 542-548. https://doi.org/10.1177/0956797615627426
  • Köycekaş, A. (2019). Investigation of children's temperament characteristics and play behaviors (Unpublished master thesis). Gazi University, Ankara.
  • Ladd, G. W., & Profilet, S. M. (1996). The Child Behavior Scale: A teacher-report measure of young children's aggressive, withdrawn, and prosocial behaviors. Developmental Psychology, 32(6), 1008–1024. https://doi.org/10.1037/001
  • Leung, C. (2013). Validation of the penn interactive peer play scale with preschool children in low-income families in Hong Kong. Early Child Development and Care, 184(1), 118-137. https://doi.org/10.1080/03004430.2013.773990
  • Malti, T., & Dys, S. P. (2018). From being nice to being kind: Development of prosocial behaviors. Current Opinion in Psychology, 20, 45-49. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.copsyc.2017.07.036
  • McDermott, P. A., Fantuzzo, J., & Bulotsky-Shearer R. J. (2008). An investigation of classroom situational dimensions of emotional and behavioral adjustment and cognitive and social outcomes for head start children. Developmental Psychology, 44(1), 139-154. https://doi.org/10.1037/0012-1649.44.1.139
  • McGinley, M., & Carlo, G. (2007). Two sides of the same coin? The relations between prosocial and physically aggressive behaviors. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 36(3), 337-349. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10964-006-9095-9
  • Metin Aslan, Ö. (2013). Investigation of the play behaviors of children attending kindergarten and the bullying behaviors that occur in their plays (Unpublished doctoral dissertation). Hacettepe University, Ankara.
  • Ogelman, H. G., & Erten Sarıkaya, H. (2014). The predictive effect of preschool children's play behaviors on peer relationships. Journal of AİBÜ Institute of Social Sciences, 14(3), 301-321.
  • Önal, F. (2018). Investigation of prosocial behaviors of children with and without mainstreaming students in preschool education (Unpublished master thesis). Istanbul University, Istanbul.
  • Önder, A., & Arslan Çiftçi, H. (2020). Play in early childhood and learning through play. Ankara: Nobel.
  • Özcan, A. (2016). Examination of master's and doctoral theses and articles about prosocial behaviors in preschool period in Turkey. International Journal of Social Science, 51, 489-504.
  • Özcan, A. (2017). Investigation of the relationships between 60-72-month-old children's perceptions of moral and social rules, prosocial behaviors and emotion regulation skills (Unpublished master thesis). Gazi University, Ankara.
  • Özkılıç Kabul, N. D. (2019). Examination of the effects of technological device use on social skills, play skills and language development in three-year-old children (Unpublished doctoral dissertation). Maltepe University, Istanbul.
  • Öztürk, F. D. (2019). Investigation of the relationship between attachment styles of preschool children aged 4-6 years and social skill level and play behavior (Unpublished master thesis). Istanbul Aydın University, Istanbul.
  • Sönmez, K. (2019). Examination of the relationship between the temperaments of preschool children and their peer relationships (Unpublished master thesis). Trakya University, Edirne.
  • Şen, M. (2009). Investigation of 3-6 age group children's social behaviors in terms of some variables (Unpublished doctoral dissertation). Hacettepe University, Ankara.
  • Taylı, A. (2007). The effect of having or not having siblings on social play in preschool period (Unpublished master thesis). Ankara University, Ankara.
  • Uluyurt, F. (2012). Peer relationships of 5-6 year old children attending pre-school education institutions according to some variables (Unpublished master thesis). Selçuk University, Konya.
  • Uzmen, S., & Mağden, D. (2002). Supporting prosocial behaviors of six-year-old children attending preschool education institutions with illustrated children's books. Marmara University Atatürk Faculty of Education Journal of Educational Sciences, 15, 193-212.
  • Üzel, I. (2020). Investigation of the effect of 48-72 months old children's aggression orientation on play interaction (Unpublished master thesis). Istanbul Okan University, Istanbul.
  • Yavuzer, H. (1999). Parent and child. Istanbul: Remzi.
  • Yavuzer, H. (2007). The first 6 years of your child's physical, mental and social development. Istanbul: Remzi.
  • Yazıcı, Z., & Salıkutluk Y.Z. (2018). The relationship between parents' prosocial behaviors and children's prosocial behaviors. In A. Kodaman & E. İ. Işıklı (Eds.), Academic research in social, humanities and administrative sciences (pp. 411-430). Ankara: Gece.
  • Yenidede, E. E. (2018). Investigation of the effect of social, emotional and cognitive development on the prosocial behaviors of 60-72-month-old children (Unpublished master thesis). Maltepe University, Istanbul.
  • Yokuş, G., & Yavuz Konokman, G. (2019). Examining the levels of play behaviors of preschool children in terms of various variables. Kastamonu Journal of Education, 27(3), 1141-1148. https://doi.org/10.24106/kefdergi.2722
  • Zahn-Waxler, C., Radke-Yarrow, M., Wagner, E., & Chapman, M. (1992). Development of concern for others. Developmental Psychology, 28, 126-136. https://doi.org/10.1037/0012-1649.28.1.126
Year 2024, Volume: 12 Issue: 1, 17 - 32, 30.06.2024
https://doi.org/10.47215/aji.1409043

Abstract

References

  • Acer, S. (2018). Investigation of the relationship between value levels and peer play behaviors of 48-72-month-old children attending preschool education institution (Unpublished master thesis). Okan University, Istanbul.
  • Aktaş, V., & Güvenç, G. B. (2006). Relationships between aggressive and positive social behaviors and age, relational context and interpersonal sensitivity in boys and girls adolescents. Hacettepe University Faculty of Literature Journal, 23(2), 233-264.
  • Alisinanoğlu, F., & Kesicioğlu, O. S. (2010). Investigation of preschool children's behavior problems in terms of various variables (Giresun province example). Theoretical Education Science, 3(1), 93-110.
  • Altay, F. B., & Güre, A. (2012). The relationships between social competence and positive social behaviors of children attending preschool institutions (public-private) and their mothers' parenting styles. Educational Sciences in Theory and Practice, 12(4), 2699-2718. https://doi.org/10.12984/egeefd.526276
  • Aşık-Öztürk, M. (2018). Evaluation of play in group environments in preschool education institutions (Unpublished master thesis). Trakya University, Edirne.
  • Bağcı Çetin, B., & Öztürk Samur, A. (2018). Examining the relationship between prosocial behaviors of 60-72-month-old children and their parents' prosocial behaviors. Erzincan University Journal of Faculty of Education, 20(1), 1-17. https://doi.org/10.17556/erziefd.286651
  • Bağcı, B. (2015). Validity and reliability study of child and adult prosociality scales and examination of the relationship between child and parental prosocial behaviors (Unpublished master thesis). Adnan Menderes University, Aydın.
  • Bahadır, G. (2020). Investigation of 60-72-month-old children's peer play behaviors and social skills (Unpublished master thesis). Gazi University, Ankara.
  • Bayrak, Ş. (2019). Investigation of the relationship between 48-72-month-old children's interactive peer play behaviors and moral judgment levels (Unpublished master thesis). Istanbul Aydın University, Istanbul.
  • Coolahan, K., Fantuzzo, J., Mendez, J., & McDermott, P. (2000). Preschool peer interactions and readiness to learn: Relationships between classroom peer play and learning behaviors and conduct. Journal of Educational Psychology, 92(3), 458-465. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-0663.92.3.458
  • Çelik Kahraman, S. (2019). Development of pre-school prosocial behavior scale and examination of prosocial behaviors in 48-72-month-old children according to some variables (Unpublished master thesis). Gazi University, Ankara.
  • Çubukçu, A. (2019). Investigation of the relationship between prosocial behaviors of 48-72-month-old children and their mothers' prosocial behaviors and parental attitudes (Unpublished master thesis). Uludağ University, Bursa.
  • Değirmenci, Ş. (2016). Adaptation of "renewed knox pre-school play scale" for 48-72 months old children into Turkish and examination of its psychometric properties (Unpublished master thesis). Marmara University, Istanbul.
  • Dinç, B. (2002). Teachers' opinions on the effects of pre-school education on the social development of 4-5 year old children (Unpublished master thesis). Anadolu University, Eskişehir.
  • Durualp, E., & Aral, N. (2011). Play-based social skills education (1st ed.). Ankara: Vize Publishing.
  • Eisenberg, N., Spinrad, T. L., & Morris, A. S. (2013). Prosocial Development 13. The Oxford Handbook of Developmental Psychology.
  • Eisenberg, N., & Fabes, R. (1998). Prosocial development. In W. Damon & N. Eisenberg (Eds.), Handbook of child psychology: Social, emotional, and personality development (pp. 701-778), New York, NY: Wiley.
  • Erten Sarıkaya, H. (2021). The effect of preschool teachers' communication skills psycho-education program on teacher's communication skills and 5-year-old children's social-emotional adjustment levels and prosocial behaviors (Unpublished doctoral dissertation). Pamukkale University, Denizli.
  • Ferreira, T., Cadima, J., Matias, M., Vieira, J. M., Leal, T., & Matos, P. M. (2016). Preschool children’s prosocial behavior: The role of mother–child, father–child and teacher–child relationships. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 25, 1829-1839. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10826-016-0369-x
  • Gülay Ogelman, H., & Sarıkaya, H. E. (2014). The predictive effect of preschool children's play behaviors on peer relationships. Abant İzzet Baysal University Journal of Institute of Social Sciences, 14(3), 301- 321.
  • Günal, N. (2019). Examination of preschool children's playing tendencies and learning styles in terms of various variables (Unpublished master thesis). Gazi University, Ankara.
  • Günindi, N. (2008). Investigation of the relationship between social adjustment skills of six-year-old children attending preschool education institutions and empathic skills of their parents (Unpublished master thesis). Gazi University, Ankara.
  • Hay, D. F., Payne, A., & Chadwick, A. (2004). Peer relations in childhood. The Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 45, 84-108. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.0021-9630.2003.00308.x
  • Kadim, M. (2012). Examination of preschool teachers' self-efficacy towards play teaching (Unpublished master thesis). Abant İzzet Baysal University, Bolu.
  • Karasar, N. (2012). Scientific research method: Concepts, principles, techniques. Ankara: Nobel Publication. Kerlinger, F. N., & Lee, H. B. (1999). Foundations of behavioral research. New York: Harcourt College Publishers.
  • Kılınç, N. (2016). Investigation of the relationship between 5-6 years old children's social skills and problem behaviors and play behaviors (Unpublished master thesis). Karabuk University, Karabuk.
  • Kozikoğlu, İ. (2019). Investigation of play behaviors of children attending preschool education institutions. AJESI - Anadolu Journal of Educational Sciences International, 9(2), 787-817. https://doi.org/10.18039/ajesi.582075
  • Köster, M., Ohmer, X., Nguyen, T. D., & Kärtner, J. (2016). Infants understand others’ needs. Psychological science, 27(4), 542-548. https://doi.org/10.1177/0956797615627426
  • Köycekaş, A. (2019). Investigation of children's temperament characteristics and play behaviors (Unpublished master thesis). Gazi University, Ankara.
  • Ladd, G. W., & Profilet, S. M. (1996). The Child Behavior Scale: A teacher-report measure of young children's aggressive, withdrawn, and prosocial behaviors. Developmental Psychology, 32(6), 1008–1024. https://doi.org/10.1037/001
  • Leung, C. (2013). Validation of the penn interactive peer play scale with preschool children in low-income families in Hong Kong. Early Child Development and Care, 184(1), 118-137. https://doi.org/10.1080/03004430.2013.773990
  • Malti, T., & Dys, S. P. (2018). From being nice to being kind: Development of prosocial behaviors. Current Opinion in Psychology, 20, 45-49. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.copsyc.2017.07.036
  • McDermott, P. A., Fantuzzo, J., & Bulotsky-Shearer R. J. (2008). An investigation of classroom situational dimensions of emotional and behavioral adjustment and cognitive and social outcomes for head start children. Developmental Psychology, 44(1), 139-154. https://doi.org/10.1037/0012-1649.44.1.139
  • McGinley, M., & Carlo, G. (2007). Two sides of the same coin? The relations between prosocial and physically aggressive behaviors. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 36(3), 337-349. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10964-006-9095-9
  • Metin Aslan, Ö. (2013). Investigation of the play behaviors of children attending kindergarten and the bullying behaviors that occur in their plays (Unpublished doctoral dissertation). Hacettepe University, Ankara.
  • Ogelman, H. G., & Erten Sarıkaya, H. (2014). The predictive effect of preschool children's play behaviors on peer relationships. Journal of AİBÜ Institute of Social Sciences, 14(3), 301-321.
  • Önal, F. (2018). Investigation of prosocial behaviors of children with and without mainstreaming students in preschool education (Unpublished master thesis). Istanbul University, Istanbul.
  • Önder, A., & Arslan Çiftçi, H. (2020). Play in early childhood and learning through play. Ankara: Nobel.
  • Özcan, A. (2016). Examination of master's and doctoral theses and articles about prosocial behaviors in preschool period in Turkey. International Journal of Social Science, 51, 489-504.
  • Özcan, A. (2017). Investigation of the relationships between 60-72-month-old children's perceptions of moral and social rules, prosocial behaviors and emotion regulation skills (Unpublished master thesis). Gazi University, Ankara.
  • Özkılıç Kabul, N. D. (2019). Examination of the effects of technological device use on social skills, play skills and language development in three-year-old children (Unpublished doctoral dissertation). Maltepe University, Istanbul.
  • Öztürk, F. D. (2019). Investigation of the relationship between attachment styles of preschool children aged 4-6 years and social skill level and play behavior (Unpublished master thesis). Istanbul Aydın University, Istanbul.
  • Sönmez, K. (2019). Examination of the relationship between the temperaments of preschool children and their peer relationships (Unpublished master thesis). Trakya University, Edirne.
  • Şen, M. (2009). Investigation of 3-6 age group children's social behaviors in terms of some variables (Unpublished doctoral dissertation). Hacettepe University, Ankara.
  • Taylı, A. (2007). The effect of having or not having siblings on social play in preschool period (Unpublished master thesis). Ankara University, Ankara.
  • Uluyurt, F. (2012). Peer relationships of 5-6 year old children attending pre-school education institutions according to some variables (Unpublished master thesis). Selçuk University, Konya.
  • Uzmen, S., & Mağden, D. (2002). Supporting prosocial behaviors of six-year-old children attending preschool education institutions with illustrated children's books. Marmara University Atatürk Faculty of Education Journal of Educational Sciences, 15, 193-212.
  • Üzel, I. (2020). Investigation of the effect of 48-72 months old children's aggression orientation on play interaction (Unpublished master thesis). Istanbul Okan University, Istanbul.
  • Yavuzer, H. (1999). Parent and child. Istanbul: Remzi.
  • Yavuzer, H. (2007). The first 6 years of your child's physical, mental and social development. Istanbul: Remzi.
  • Yazıcı, Z., & Salıkutluk Y.Z. (2018). The relationship between parents' prosocial behaviors and children's prosocial behaviors. In A. Kodaman & E. İ. Işıklı (Eds.), Academic research in social, humanities and administrative sciences (pp. 411-430). Ankara: Gece.
  • Yenidede, E. E. (2018). Investigation of the effect of social, emotional and cognitive development on the prosocial behaviors of 60-72-month-old children (Unpublished master thesis). Maltepe University, Istanbul.
  • Yokuş, G., & Yavuz Konokman, G. (2019). Examining the levels of play behaviors of preschool children in terms of various variables. Kastamonu Journal of Education, 27(3), 1141-1148. https://doi.org/10.24106/kefdergi.2722
  • Zahn-Waxler, C., Radke-Yarrow, M., Wagner, E., & Chapman, M. (1992). Development of concern for others. Developmental Psychology, 28, 126-136. https://doi.org/10.1037/0012-1649.28.1.126
There are 54 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Early Childhood Education
Journal Section Makaleler
Authors

Rabia Gencer This is me 0000-0002-9054-3994

Murat Bartan 0000-0003-2947-5643

Publication Date June 30, 2024
Submission Date December 24, 2023
Acceptance Date June 23, 2024
Published in Issue Year 2024 Volume: 12 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Gencer, R., & Bartan, M. (2024). Investigation of the Relationship between Prosocial and Play Behaviors of 60-72 Months-Old Children Attending Preschool Education. Asian Journal of Instruction (E-AJI), 12(1), 17-32. https://doi.org/10.47215/aji.1409043

ASIAN JOURNAL OF INSTRUCTION

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