Abstract
Genetik mühendisliği DNA manipulasyonu için kullanılan teknikler setidir. Temel olarak genetik mühendisliği gen klonlamayı içerir. DNA klonlanması için dört zorunlu komponente, restriksiyon enzimleri, gen isolasyonu için DNA kütüphanesi, vektör ve klonlanmış DNA’nın analizi, ihtiyaç duyulur. Genetik mühendisliğinin birçok farklı uygulamaları vardır. Eczacılık ve ziraat en fazla ilerlemelerin yapıldığı alanlardır. Genetik mühendisleri tarafından çok sayıda aşı ve diğer eczacılıkla ilgili ilaçlar ve transgenik bitki ve hayvanlar üretilmekte ve bunlardan bazıları kullamı için pazarlara sürülmektedir.
Keywords
Genetik Mühendisliği Gen Klonlama Restriksiyon Enzimleri Vektör Gen İzalasyonu Klonlanmış DNA Analizi
References
- Alberts, B., D., Bray, Lewis, J., M., Raff, K, Roberts, J. D., Watson., 1989. DNA Cloning and genetic engineering. Chapter. 5. Molecular Biology of the Cell. Second edition. pp: 258-271.
- Anonymous., 1996. US National Science Foundation.
- Dale, P. J., Irwin J. A. and Scheffer, J. A., 1993. The experimental and commercial release of transgenic crop plants. Plant Breeding. 111, 1-22.
- Darnell, J., Lodish, H. and Baltimore, D., 1990. Recombinant DNA: Selection and production of specific DNA. Chapter: 6 Molecular Cell Biology. Second Edition. pp: 214-223.
- Gasser, C. S., and Frayley, R. T., 1992. Transgenic crops. Crops. Sci. Amer. 266, 34-39.
- Gubta, P. K., 1996. Biotechnology. Part. I. Elements of Biotechnology. pp: 1-83.
- Hames, B. D., Hooper, N. M., Houghton, J. D., 1998. Recombinant DNA technology. Biochemistry. pp: 195-215.
- Ho, M. W., 1997. Genetic engineering biotechnology Now. Chapter.2. Genetic engineering dreams or nightmares. 13-25.
- Jongedijk, E. A., de Schutter, A. J. M., Stolte, T., Van Der Elzen P. J. M. and Cornelissen, B. J. C., 1992. Increased resistance to potato virus X and preservation of cultivar properties in transgenic potato under field conditions. Biotechnology. 10, 442-429.
- Lewin, B., 1997. DNA Biotechnology. Part 5. Genes VI. pp: 623-640.
- Old, R. W. and Primrose, S. B., 1996. Cutting and joining DNA molecules. Chapter 3. Principles of gene manipulation: An introduction of genetic engineering. pp: 22-45.
- Paterson, A. H., 1996. The DNA revolution. Chapter 2. Biotechnology intelligence unit: Genome mapping in plants. pp: 7-11.
- Perlak, F. J., Deaton, R. W., Armstrong, T. A., Fuchs, R. L., Sims, S. R., Greenplate, J. T. and Fischhoff, D. A., 1990. Insect resistant cotton plants. Biotechnology. 8, 939-943.
- Sambrook, J., Fritsch, E. F. and Maniatis, T. 1989. Molecular cloning: A Laboratory manual. 2nd ed., Vol. :2, chapter 6, pp: 3-4.
- Sheehy, R. E., Kramer, M. and Hiatt, W. R., 1988. Reduction of polygalacturonase activity in tomato fruit by antisense RNA. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 85, 8805-8809.
- Stryer, L., 1995. Exploring genes. Chapter 6. Biochemistry. pp: 115-144.
- Townsed, J. A., Thomas, L.A., Kulisek, E. S., Daywalt, M. J., Winter, K. R. K., Grace, D. J., Crook, W. J., Schmidt, H. J., Corbin, T. C., and Altenbach, S. B., 1992. Accumulation of methionine-rich brazil nut protein in seeds of transgenic soybean. Amer.Soc. Agron. Abstr. 198.
- Trevan, M. D., Boffey, S., Goulding, K. H. and Stanbury, P., 1988. Techniques of genetic engineering. Chapter 11. Biotechnology. pp: 118-147.
- Turner, P. C., McLennan, A. G., Bates, A. D. and White, M. R. H., 1998. Cloning vector, gene libraries and screen, analysis and uses of cloned DNA. Molecular Biology. pp. 111-162.
- Twyman, R. M., 1998. Recombinant DNA and Molecular Cloning. Advanced Molecular Biology. pp: 323-348.
Abstract
Genetic engineering is the set of the techniques using for manipulation of DNA. Basically this technique involves gene cloning. For cloning of DNA, four essential components, restriction enzymes, DNA library for gene isolation, vector and analysis of cloned DNA, are needed. There are different applications of genetic engineering. Medicine and agriculture are the areas in which rapid progress have been made. A large number of vaccines and other pharmaceutical drugs and transgenic plants and animal are being produced by genetic engineer and some of them are being released to the markets for use.
Keywords
Genetic engineering gene cloning restriction enzymes vectors gene isolation analysis of cloned DNA
References
- Alberts, B., D., Bray, Lewis, J., M., Raff, K, Roberts, J. D., Watson., 1989. DNA Cloning and genetic engineering. Chapter. 5. Molecular Biology of the Cell. Second edition. pp: 258-271.
- Anonymous., 1996. US National Science Foundation.
- Dale, P. J., Irwin J. A. and Scheffer, J. A., 1993. The experimental and commercial release of transgenic crop plants. Plant Breeding. 111, 1-22.
- Darnell, J., Lodish, H. and Baltimore, D., 1990. Recombinant DNA: Selection and production of specific DNA. Chapter: 6 Molecular Cell Biology. Second Edition. pp: 214-223.
- Gasser, C. S., and Frayley, R. T., 1992. Transgenic crops. Crops. Sci. Amer. 266, 34-39.
- Gubta, P. K., 1996. Biotechnology. Part. I. Elements of Biotechnology. pp: 1-83.
- Hames, B. D., Hooper, N. M., Houghton, J. D., 1998. Recombinant DNA technology. Biochemistry. pp: 195-215.
- Ho, M. W., 1997. Genetic engineering biotechnology Now. Chapter.2. Genetic engineering dreams or nightmares. 13-25.
- Jongedijk, E. A., de Schutter, A. J. M., Stolte, T., Van Der Elzen P. J. M. and Cornelissen, B. J. C., 1992. Increased resistance to potato virus X and preservation of cultivar properties in transgenic potato under field conditions. Biotechnology. 10, 442-429.
- Lewin, B., 1997. DNA Biotechnology. Part 5. Genes VI. pp: 623-640.
- Old, R. W. and Primrose, S. B., 1996. Cutting and joining DNA molecules. Chapter 3. Principles of gene manipulation: An introduction of genetic engineering. pp: 22-45.
- Paterson, A. H., 1996. The DNA revolution. Chapter 2. Biotechnology intelligence unit: Genome mapping in plants. pp: 7-11.
- Perlak, F. J., Deaton, R. W., Armstrong, T. A., Fuchs, R. L., Sims, S. R., Greenplate, J. T. and Fischhoff, D. A., 1990. Insect resistant cotton plants. Biotechnology. 8, 939-943.
- Sambrook, J., Fritsch, E. F. and Maniatis, T. 1989. Molecular cloning: A Laboratory manual. 2nd ed., Vol. :2, chapter 6, pp: 3-4.
- Sheehy, R. E., Kramer, M. and Hiatt, W. R., 1988. Reduction of polygalacturonase activity in tomato fruit by antisense RNA. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 85, 8805-8809.
- Stryer, L., 1995. Exploring genes. Chapter 6. Biochemistry. pp: 115-144.
- Townsed, J. A., Thomas, L.A., Kulisek, E. S., Daywalt, M. J., Winter, K. R. K., Grace, D. J., Crook, W. J., Schmidt, H. J., Corbin, T. C., and Altenbach, S. B., 1992. Accumulation of methionine-rich brazil nut protein in seeds of transgenic soybean. Amer.Soc. Agron. Abstr. 198.
- Trevan, M. D., Boffey, S., Goulding, K. H. and Stanbury, P., 1988. Techniques of genetic engineering. Chapter 11. Biotechnology. pp: 118-147.
- Turner, P. C., McLennan, A. G., Bates, A. D. and White, M. R. H., 1998. Cloning vector, gene libraries and screen, analysis and uses of cloned DNA. Molecular Biology. pp. 111-162.
- Twyman, R. M., 1998. Recombinant DNA and Molecular Cloning. Advanced Molecular Biology. pp: 323-348.
Details
| Primary Language | English |
|---|---|
| Subjects | Agricultural Engineering |
| Journal Section | Articles |
| Authors | |
| Publication Date | June 1, 2000 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2000 Volume: 13 Issue: 1 |