Killer Cell Immunoglobulin-Like Receptor Genes

Yıl 2011, Cilt: 20 Sayı: 3, 131 - 144, 01.09.2011

Özlem Görüroğlu Öztürk

Öz

Killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIRs) are the molecules expressed on the surface of the natural killer (NK) cells and play an important role in innate immunity. KIRs are encoded by a gene cluster at human chromosome 19q13.4. The KIR gene cluster is highly polymorphic, with individual genes exhibiting allelic variability and individual haplotypes differing in gene content. The polymorphism of the KIR locus parallels that of the HLA, facilitating the adaptation of the immune system to a dynamic, challenging environment. This variation is associated with a growing number of human diseases. This review discussed the biology and genetics of KIR molecules which are important in many diseases and transplantation immunology.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Innate immunity, HLA, KIR, KIR genes

Doğal Öldürücü Hücre Immunglobulin-Benzeri Reseptör Genleri

Öz

Doğal öldürücü hücre immünglobulin-benzeri reseptörler (Killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptors, KIR), doğal öldürücü hücrelerin yüzeylerinde eksprese olan ve doğal immünitenin düzenlenmesinde önemli rol oynayan moleküllerdir. KIR’lar 19q13.4 kromozomundaki bir gen demeti tarafından kodlanmaktadır. KIR gen demeti oldukça polimorfiktir, bireysel genler allelik polimorfizm içerirken, bireysel haplotipler gen içeriyi açısından farklılıklar gösterir. Human Lökosit Antijen (HLA) genlerine paralel olan KIR lokusunun polimorfizmleri, immün sistemin dinamik ve gelişen çevreye adaptasyonunu kolaylaştırmaktadır. Bu varyasyon pek çok hastalıkla ilişkilidir. Bu derlemede pek çok hastalıkta ve transplantasyon immünolojisinde önem taşıyan KIR moleküllerinin, biyolojisi ve genetiği konuları ele alınmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Doğal immunite, HLA, KIR, KIR genleri

Kaynakça

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