Breastfeeding and Smoking

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 30 Sayı: 3, 150 - 157, 30.09.2021

Hale Uyar Hazar , Sinem Gültekin

https://doi.org/10.17827/aktd.854101

Cited By: 2

Öz

It is desired to increase breastfeeding rates at national and international level. However, maternal smoking during the lactation period, which has negative effects on breastfeeding, is common both in our country and in Europe. Smoking during the breastfeeding period of the mother is directly related to the inhibition of the milk let-down reflex and the decrease in milk production. Maternal smoking during lactation causes changes in infants' sleep/wake patterns, deterioration of the pro-oxidant-antioxidant balance of breast milk, and low iodine-based breast milk transfer. In addition, in the babies of smoker mothers; bad taste from breast milk, restlessness, possibility of getting respiratory system infections such as pneumonia, asthma, bronchitis, risk of sudden infant death syndrome tendency to colic and obesity are more higher. Some mothers who smoke believe that it is safer to give formula than to breastfeed. In addition, there are mothers who ask questions such as whether smoking spoils the quality and taste of my milk, what can I do to make smoking less harmful to my baby, I smoke, can I breastfeed my baby in clinical practice. Medical staff Ali should be aware of the effects of nicotine exposure on infants of breastfeeding and smoking mothers during breastfeeding education and counseling, and should pay enough attention to this issue. Healthcare professionals should seize every opportunity to increase interest in breastfeeding, to raise awareness of the harm caused by cigarette exposure in the newborn, and to encourage smoking cessation.For this reason, the aim of this review is to review the literature on breastfeeding and smoking.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Breast milk, breastfeeding, midwife, nurse, smoking

Emzirme ve Sigara

Öz

Ulusal ve uluslarası düzeyde emzirme oranları artırılmak istenmektedir. Ancak emzirme üzerine olumsuz etkileri olan laktasyon döneminde maternal sigara kullanımı hem ülkemizde hem de Avrupa da yaygındır. Annenin emzirme döneminde sigara kullanımı, süt inme refleksinin engellenmesi, süt üretiminin azalması ve sütten erken kesilme ile doğrudan bağlantılı olup, bebeklerin uyku/uyanıklık düzeninin değişmesine, anne sütünün pro-oksidan-antioksidan dengesinin bozulmasına, anne sütünün uzun zincirli çoklu doymamış yağ asitlerinin miktarının azalmasına, düşük iyot kaynaklı anne sütü transferine neden olmaktadır. Bunların yanı sıra sigara içen annelerin bebeklerinde; anne sütünden kötü tat alma, huzursuzluk, ani bebek ölümü sendromu riski, pnömoni, astım, bronşit gibi solunum sistemi enfeksiyonlarına yakalanma olasılığı, kolik olma ve obeziteye eğilim daha yüksektir. Sigara kullanmakta olan bazı anneler emzirmek yerine formül maması vermenin daha güvenli olduğuna inanmaktadır. Bunun yanı sıra klinik uygulamalarda; sigara içiyorum bebeğimi emzirebilir miyim?, sigara içmek sütümün kalitesini ve tadını bozar mı?, sigaranın bebeğime daha az zarar vermesi için neler yapabilirim? şeklinde sorular yönelten annelere de rastlanmaktadır. Emzirme eğitimi ve danışmanlığı sırasında sağlık personeli; emziren ve sigara içen annelerin bebeklerinde nikotin maruziyetinin etkilerinin farkında olarak bu konuya yeterince önem vermelidir. Emzirmeye olan ilgiyi artırmak, sigara maruziyetinin yenidoğanda oluşturduğu zararlar konusunda farkındalık sağlamak ve sigara bırakmaya teşvik etmek için sağlık personeli her fırsatı değerlendirmelidir. Bu derlemenin amacı emzirme ve sigara konusundaki literatürü inceleyerek bilgilerimizi gözden geçirmektir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Anne sütü, ebe, emzirme, hemşire, sigara

Kaynakça

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