TİPİK TÜRK EVİ VE İŞ YERLERİNDE DÜŞÜK FREKANSLI ELEKTROMANYETİK ALAN KAYNAKLARI İÇİN ELEKTROMANYETİK RİSK ANALİZİ

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 1 Sayı: 1, 1 - 14, 27.12.2023

Eda Yavuz Dirik , Kayhan Ateş , Şükrü Özen

Öz

Günlük hayatta yaygınlaşan elektronik cihaz kullanımı, bu cihazların neden olduğu elektromanyetik alanlara (EMA) ve olası etkilerine dönük çalışmalara neden olmuştur. Bu çalışmada, ev ve iş yerlerinde kullanılan çeşitli elektrikli cihazların yakın çevresinde oluşturdukları EMA seviyeleri belirlenerek düşük frekans bölgesi için ölçümler gerçekleştirilmiştir. Ayrıca çocuk, kadın ve erkekler için EMA dozimetri analizleri yapılmıştır. Bu kapsamda, 50 Hz-100 kHz frekans aralığında dış kaynaklı manyetik alanların etkisiyle çocuk ile yetişkin insan vücudunda indüklenen elektrik alanlar ve akım yoğunlukları, eliptik modeller sayesinde hesaplanmıştır. Sonuçlar, manyetik alan şiddeti 1 µT değerine normalize edilerek gerçek değerler ışığında elde edilmiştir. Ayrıca, dış kaynaklı manyetik alanın vücut modelleri ile etkileşim şekline bağlı olarak elektromanyetik risk analizleri yapılmıştır. Ölçümlere göre, en yüksek elektrik alan değeri çamaşır makinesinden 3 cm uzaklıkta ölçülmüş ve 7,52 V/m olarak belirlenmiştir. En düşük elektrik alan değeri ise elektrikli tıraş makinesinden ve bulaşık makinesinden 1 m uzaklıkta ölçülmüş ve 0,07 V/m olarak tespit edilmiştir. Manyetik alan ölçümlerinde ise en yüksek değer, 3 cm uzaklıktaki bir elektrikli süpürgeden 9,81 μT olarak kaydedilirken, en düşük değer akıllı saat ve tablet cihazlarından 1 m uzaklıkta 0,023 μT olarak ölçülmüştür. Vücut dokusunda hesaplanan indüklenen akım yoğunluğu sonuçlarına göre en yüksek değer, manyetik alanın yüz hizasına dik gelmesiyle gözlenmiştir. Sonuçlar, uluslararası standartlara göre değerlendirilmiştir. Ayrıca, günlük hayatta ev ve iş yerlerinde elektromanyetik maruziyeti azaltmak için önerilerde bulunulmuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Elektromanyetik Alan Maruziyeti, Model Analizi, Elektromanyetik Dozimetri, Ölçüm ve Simülasyon

ELECTROMAGNETIC RISK ANALYSIS FOR LOW FREQUENCY ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELD SOURCES IN TYPICAL TURKISH HOMES AND WORKPLACES

Öz

The widespread usage of electronic devices in daily life has led to studies on the electromagnetic fields (EMF) caused by these devices and their possible effects. In this study, EMF levels created in the vicinity of various household appliances and electrical devices used in workplaces were determined and measurements were carried out for the low frequency region. Additionally, EMF dosimetry analyzes were performed for children, females, and males. In this context, induced electric fields and current densities in the child and adult human body by the effect of external magnetic fields in the frequency range of 50 Hz-100 kHz were calculated using the ellipsoidal models. The results were obtained according to the realistic values by normalizing the magnetic field intensity to 1 µT. Furthermore, electromagnetic risk analyzes were carried out depending on the interaction of the external magnetic field with the body models. According to the measurements, the maximum electric field value was measured at 3 cm away from the washing machine and was determined to be 7.52 V/m. The minimum electric field value was measured at 1 m away from the electric razor and dishwasher and was detected to be 0.07 V/m. In magnetic field measurements, the maximum value was recorded as 9.81 μT from an electric vacuum cleaner at 3 cm, while the minimum value was measured as 0.023 μT at 1 m from smart watch and tablet devices. According to the results of the calculated induced current density in the body tissue, the maximum value was observed when the magnetic field was perpendicular to the face domain. The results were evaluated according to international standards. In addition, recommendations were declared to reduce electromagnetic exposure in houses and workplaces in daily life.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Electromagnetic Field Exposure, Model Analysis, Electromagnetic Dosimetry, Measurement and Simulation

Kaynakça

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