Güvenlikleştirme Teorisi Çerçevesinde İsrail’in 7 Ekim Sonrası Politikası

Öz

Bu çalışma, 7 Ekim 2023 sonrasında İsrail’in Hamas’a yönelik söylemlerini Güvenlikleştirme Teorisi bağlamında incelemektedir. Çalışmada, İsrail’in güvenlikleştirme söylemlerini kendi çıkarları doğrultusunda ve uluslararası desteği kazanmak amacıyla nasıl stratejik olarak kullandığı analiz edilmektedir. Araştırmada, Netanyahu’nun resmî açıklamaları, İsrail’li aktörlerin söylemleri, internet kaynakları ve akademik yazılar gibi çeşitli kaynaklardan yararlanılmaktadır. Güvenlikleştirme teorisi açıklanarak, İsrail’in 7 Ekim sonrası politikalarını nasıl “varoluşsal tehdit” olarak ele aldığı tartışılmaktadır. “Hamas’ın sivilleri kalkan olarak kullandığı” veya “Not an operation, but a war” gibi söylemlerin, İsrail tarafından hangi amaçlar doğrultusunda kullanıldığı, kamuoyuna nasıl yansıtıldığı ve güvenlikleştirme teorisi çerçevesinde İsrail ve eylemlerine nasıl meşruiyet kazandırmaya çalıştığı değerlendirilmektedir. Bu bağlamda, insani krizlerin görmezden gelinerek Hamas’ın varoluşsal bir tehdit olarak ele alınması, Hamas-İsrail çatışması özelindeki güvenlikleştirmenin etkilerini anlamak için bir çerçeve sunmaktadır. Bu nedenle güvenlikleştirme teorisi baz alınarak ve söylem analizi yöntemi kullanılarak, İsrail’in Hamas’ı nasıl “varoluşsal tehdit” olarak inşa etmeye çalıştığı açıklanmaktadır. Özellikle 7 Ekim 2023 sonrası dönemin analizi çalışmanın sınırlılığını oluşturmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Güvenlikleştirme Teorisi
• İsrail
• Hamas
• Söylem

Israel’s Policy After October 7 in the Context of Securitization Theory

Abstract

This study examines Israel's discourse towards Hamas after October 7, 2023, within the context of the Security Dilemma Theory. The research analyzes how Israel strategically uses its securitization discourse in line with its own interests and to gain international support. Various sources, including official statements from Netanyahu, the discourse of Israeli actors, internet resources, and academic writings, are utilized in the study. By explaining the Security Dilemma Theory, the study discusses how Israel's post-October 7 policies have framed Hamas as an "existential threat." The study assesses how phrases such as “Hamas uses civilians as shields” or “Not an operation, but a war” were strategically employed, how they were portrayed to the public, and how they legitimized Israel's actions within the framework of the securitization theory. In this context, the focus on Hamas as an existential threat, while ignoring humanitarian crises, provides a framework for understanding the effects of securitization in the context of the Hamas-Israel conflict. Therefore, using the Security Dilemma Theory as a basis and discourse analysis as a method, the study explains how Israel constructs Hamas as an "existential threat." The analysis of the period following October 7, 2023, forms the limitation of the study.

Keywords

• Securitization Theory
• Israel
• Hamas
• Discourse

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