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An Eclectic Methodological Approach in Analyzing Foreign Policy: Turkey’s Foreign Policy Roles and Events Dataset (TFPRED)

Year 2019, , 255 - 283, 01.07.2019
https://doi.org/10.20991/allazimuth.476890

Abstract

This article describes the steps in
developing an eclectic coding scheme that utilizes the Role theory framework. Role
theory proposes that foreign policy is conducted with an attempt to fulfill the
role conceptions that decision-makers formulate. Studies utilizing this
framework usually identify national role conceptions (NRCs) in the foreign
policy speeches of decision-makers with various research techniques. Following
the literature, this article first explains how to use content analysis in
identifying the most frequently referred NRCs in Turkish Foreign Policy (TFP).
Then, unlike the literature, it takes a step further and offers event data
analysis to look at the performance of these NRCs as well. With such an approach,
it develops the Turkish Foreign Policy Roles and Events Dataset (TFPRED). The TFPRED
is a dataset that is the product of a combination of ‘hand-coded content
analysis’ with ‘computer-assisted event data analysis’. The article presents a
detailed explanation of the steps in using content analysis and event data
analysis to build the TFPRED. It also explains the development of the eclectic
methodological approach and gives an assessment of the author’s experiences in
combining the two methods. 

References

  • Aras, Bülent, and Aylin Görener. “National Role Conceptions and foreign policy orientation: the ideational bases of the Justice and Development Party’s Foreign Policy Activism in the Middle East.” Journal of Balkan and Near Eastern Studies 12 (2010): 73–93. Azar, Edward E. Conflict And Peace Data Bank (COPDAB), 1948–1978 [Computer file]. 3rd release. College Park, MD: University of Maryland, Center for International Development and Conflict Management, 1993. ———. “Editorial Notes.” International Interactions: Empirical and Theoretical Research in International Relations 5 (1979): 111–12. Baehr, R. “Trials and Errors: The Netherlands and Human Rights." in Human Rights and Comparative Foreign Policy, edited by David P. Forythe, 49–86. Tokyo, New York, Paris: United Nations University Press, 2000. Barnett, Michael N. “Institutions, Roles and Disorder, The Case of Arab State System.” International Studies Quarterly 37 (1993): 271–96. Bar-Tal, Daniel, and Dikla Antebi. “Beliefs about Negative Intentions of the World: A Study of Israeli Siege Mentality,” Political Psychology 13 (1992): 633–45. Bengttson, Rikard, and Ole Elgström. “Conflicting Role Conceptions? The European Union in Global Politics.” Foreign Policy Analysis 8 (2012): 93–108. Bloomfield Lincoln P. and Robert R. Beattie, CASCON Project: Local Conflict Data, 1945–1969. ICPSR05301-v1. Ann Arbor, MI: Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research, 1999. Bond, Doug, Joe Bond, Churl Oh, J. Jenkins and Charles Lewis Taylor. “Integrated Data for Events Analysis (IDEA): An Event Typology for Automated Events Data Development.” Journal of Peace Research 40 (2003): 733–45. Breuning, Marijke. “Words and Deeds: Foreign Assistance Rhetoric and Policy Behavior in the Netherlands, Belgium and the United Kingdom.” International Studies Quarterly 39 (1995): 235–54. Catalinac, Amy L. “Identity Theory and Foreign Policy: Explaining Japan’s Responses to the 1991 Gulf War and the 2003 U.S. War in Iraq.” Politics & Policy 35 (2007): 58–100. Chafetz, G. “The Struggle for a National Identity in Post-Soviet Russia.” Political Science Quarterly 111, no. 4 (1996): 661–88. Chafetz, Glenn, Hillel Abramson, and Suzette Grillot. “Role Theory and Foreign Policy: Belarussian and Ukrainian Compliance with the Nuclear Nonproliferation Regime.” Political Psychology 17 (1996): 727–57. Ghose, Guavav, and Patrick James. “Third-Party Intervention in Ethno–Religious Conflict: Role theory, Pakistan and War in Kashmir, 1965.” Terrorism and Political Violence 17 (2005): 427-45. Jack L. Granatstein. “Peacekeeping: Did Canada Make a Difference? And What Difference Did Peacekeeping Make to Canada?” In Making a Difference? Canada’s Foreign Policy in a Changing World Order, edited by John English and Norman Hillmer, 222–34. Toronto: Lester Publications, 1992. Hedetoft, Ulrich. “National Identity and Mentalities of War in Three EC Countries.” Journal of Peace Research 30 (1993): 281–300. Hermann, C., M. Hermann, M. East, B. Salmore, S. Salmore, and L. Brady. Comparative Research on the Events of Nations (CREON) Project: Foreign Policy Events, 1959–1968. ICPSR05205-v1. Ann Arbor, MI: Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research, 1977. Hirshberg Matthew S. “The Self-Perpetuating National Self-Image: Cognitive Biases in Perceptions of International Interventions.” Political Psychology 14 (1993): 77–98. Holsti, Kalevi J. “National Role Conceptions in the Study of Foreign Policy.” International Studies Quarterly 14 (1970): 233–309. Hudson, Valerie. M. FPA: Actor-Specific Theory and the Ground of International Relations. Foreign Policy Analysis 1 (2005): 1–30. McClelland, Charles. World Event/Interaction Survey (WEIS) Project, 1966–1978. (ICPSR 05211), 1978. Özdamar, Özgür, Burak Toygar Halistoprak, ve İsmail Erkam Sula. “From Good Neighbor to Model: Turkey’s Changing Roles in the Middle East in the Aftermath of the Arab Spring.” Uluslararası İlişkiler 11, no. 42 (2014): 93-113. ———. Türkiye’nin Dış Politika Rolleri: Ampirik Bir Yaklaşım. TÜBİTAK SOBAG Proje 112K163, 2014. Rosenau, James N. “Pre-theories and Theories of Foreign Policy.” In Approaches in Comparative and International Politics, edited by R. Barry Farrell, 27–92. Evanston: Northwestern University Press 1966. Schrodt, Phillip A. CAMEO Conflict and Mediation Event Observations Event and Actor Codebook. Parus Analytics, 2012. ———. “Event Data in FPA.” In FPA: Continuity and Change in Its Second Generation, edited by Laura Neack et al., 145–66. NJ: Prentice Hall, 1995. Schrodt, Phillip A., and Jay Yonamine. “A Guide to Event Data: Past, Present, and Future.” All Azimuth 2, no. 2 (2013): 5–22. Sherman, Frank L. “SHERFACS: A Cross-Paradigm, Hierarchical and Contextually Sensitive Conflict Management Data Set.” International Interactions 20 (1993): 79–100. Sula, İsmail Erkam. “Regional Directions of National Role Conceptions: Turkey’s Foreign Policy in its Neighborhood.” PhD Diss., Institute of Economics and Social Sciences, Bilkent University, Ankara, 2017. ———. “Where is the Anchor Now? A Poliheuristic Analysis of TFP in the AKP Period.” MA Thesis., Institute of Economics and Social Sciences, Bilkent University, Ankara, 2011. Tewes, Henning. “Between Deepening and Widening: Role Conflict in Germany’s Enlargement Policy.” West European Politics 21 (1998): 117–33. Thies, Cameron. “Role Theory and Foreign Policy.” International Studies Association Compendium Project, Foreign Policy Analysis section, May 2009. http://myweb.uiowa.edu/bhlai/workshop/role.pdf. Tüzüner, Musa, and Gonca Biltekin. “A Pilot Study of Quantifying Turkey’s Foreign Affairs: Data Generation, Challenges and Preliminary Analysis.” All 2, no. 2 (2013): 47–70. Walker, Stephan G. “Role theory and Origins of Foreign Policy.” In New Directions in the Study of Foreign Policy, edited by Charles F. Hermann, Charles Kegley, James Rosenau, 269–84. London: Harper Collins, 1987.
Year 2019, , 255 - 283, 01.07.2019
https://doi.org/10.20991/allazimuth.476890

Abstract

References

  • Aras, Bülent, and Aylin Görener. “National Role Conceptions and foreign policy orientation: the ideational bases of the Justice and Development Party’s Foreign Policy Activism in the Middle East.” Journal of Balkan and Near Eastern Studies 12 (2010): 73–93. Azar, Edward E. Conflict And Peace Data Bank (COPDAB), 1948–1978 [Computer file]. 3rd release. College Park, MD: University of Maryland, Center for International Development and Conflict Management, 1993. ———. “Editorial Notes.” International Interactions: Empirical and Theoretical Research in International Relations 5 (1979): 111–12. Baehr, R. “Trials and Errors: The Netherlands and Human Rights." in Human Rights and Comparative Foreign Policy, edited by David P. Forythe, 49–86. Tokyo, New York, Paris: United Nations University Press, 2000. Barnett, Michael N. “Institutions, Roles and Disorder, The Case of Arab State System.” International Studies Quarterly 37 (1993): 271–96. Bar-Tal, Daniel, and Dikla Antebi. “Beliefs about Negative Intentions of the World: A Study of Israeli Siege Mentality,” Political Psychology 13 (1992): 633–45. Bengttson, Rikard, and Ole Elgström. “Conflicting Role Conceptions? The European Union in Global Politics.” Foreign Policy Analysis 8 (2012): 93–108. Bloomfield Lincoln P. and Robert R. Beattie, CASCON Project: Local Conflict Data, 1945–1969. ICPSR05301-v1. Ann Arbor, MI: Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research, 1999. Bond, Doug, Joe Bond, Churl Oh, J. Jenkins and Charles Lewis Taylor. “Integrated Data for Events Analysis (IDEA): An Event Typology for Automated Events Data Development.” Journal of Peace Research 40 (2003): 733–45. Breuning, Marijke. “Words and Deeds: Foreign Assistance Rhetoric and Policy Behavior in the Netherlands, Belgium and the United Kingdom.” International Studies Quarterly 39 (1995): 235–54. Catalinac, Amy L. “Identity Theory and Foreign Policy: Explaining Japan’s Responses to the 1991 Gulf War and the 2003 U.S. War in Iraq.” Politics & Policy 35 (2007): 58–100. Chafetz, G. “The Struggle for a National Identity in Post-Soviet Russia.” Political Science Quarterly 111, no. 4 (1996): 661–88. Chafetz, Glenn, Hillel Abramson, and Suzette Grillot. “Role Theory and Foreign Policy: Belarussian and Ukrainian Compliance with the Nuclear Nonproliferation Regime.” Political Psychology 17 (1996): 727–57. Ghose, Guavav, and Patrick James. “Third-Party Intervention in Ethno–Religious Conflict: Role theory, Pakistan and War in Kashmir, 1965.” Terrorism and Political Violence 17 (2005): 427-45. Jack L. Granatstein. “Peacekeeping: Did Canada Make a Difference? And What Difference Did Peacekeeping Make to Canada?” In Making a Difference? Canada’s Foreign Policy in a Changing World Order, edited by John English and Norman Hillmer, 222–34. Toronto: Lester Publications, 1992. Hedetoft, Ulrich. “National Identity and Mentalities of War in Three EC Countries.” Journal of Peace Research 30 (1993): 281–300. Hermann, C., M. Hermann, M. East, B. Salmore, S. Salmore, and L. Brady. Comparative Research on the Events of Nations (CREON) Project: Foreign Policy Events, 1959–1968. ICPSR05205-v1. Ann Arbor, MI: Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research, 1977. Hirshberg Matthew S. “The Self-Perpetuating National Self-Image: Cognitive Biases in Perceptions of International Interventions.” Political Psychology 14 (1993): 77–98. Holsti, Kalevi J. “National Role Conceptions in the Study of Foreign Policy.” International Studies Quarterly 14 (1970): 233–309. Hudson, Valerie. M. FPA: Actor-Specific Theory and the Ground of International Relations. Foreign Policy Analysis 1 (2005): 1–30. McClelland, Charles. World Event/Interaction Survey (WEIS) Project, 1966–1978. (ICPSR 05211), 1978. Özdamar, Özgür, Burak Toygar Halistoprak, ve İsmail Erkam Sula. “From Good Neighbor to Model: Turkey’s Changing Roles in the Middle East in the Aftermath of the Arab Spring.” Uluslararası İlişkiler 11, no. 42 (2014): 93-113. ———. Türkiye’nin Dış Politika Rolleri: Ampirik Bir Yaklaşım. TÜBİTAK SOBAG Proje 112K163, 2014. Rosenau, James N. “Pre-theories and Theories of Foreign Policy.” In Approaches in Comparative and International Politics, edited by R. Barry Farrell, 27–92. Evanston: Northwestern University Press 1966. Schrodt, Phillip A. CAMEO Conflict and Mediation Event Observations Event and Actor Codebook. Parus Analytics, 2012. ———. “Event Data in FPA.” In FPA: Continuity and Change in Its Second Generation, edited by Laura Neack et al., 145–66. NJ: Prentice Hall, 1995. Schrodt, Phillip A., and Jay Yonamine. “A Guide to Event Data: Past, Present, and Future.” All Azimuth 2, no. 2 (2013): 5–22. Sherman, Frank L. “SHERFACS: A Cross-Paradigm, Hierarchical and Contextually Sensitive Conflict Management Data Set.” International Interactions 20 (1993): 79–100. Sula, İsmail Erkam. “Regional Directions of National Role Conceptions: Turkey’s Foreign Policy in its Neighborhood.” PhD Diss., Institute of Economics and Social Sciences, Bilkent University, Ankara, 2017. ———. “Where is the Anchor Now? A Poliheuristic Analysis of TFP in the AKP Period.” MA Thesis., Institute of Economics and Social Sciences, Bilkent University, Ankara, 2011. Tewes, Henning. “Between Deepening and Widening: Role Conflict in Germany’s Enlargement Policy.” West European Politics 21 (1998): 117–33. Thies, Cameron. “Role Theory and Foreign Policy.” International Studies Association Compendium Project, Foreign Policy Analysis section, May 2009. http://myweb.uiowa.edu/bhlai/workshop/role.pdf. Tüzüner, Musa, and Gonca Biltekin. “A Pilot Study of Quantifying Turkey’s Foreign Affairs: Data Generation, Challenges and Preliminary Analysis.” All 2, no. 2 (2013): 47–70. Walker, Stephan G. “Role theory and Origins of Foreign Policy.” In New Directions in the Study of Foreign Policy, edited by Charles F. Hermann, Charles Kegley, James Rosenau, 269–84. London: Harper Collins, 1987.
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Details

Primary Language English
Journal Section Articles
Authors

İsmail Erkam Sula

Publication Date July 1, 2019
Published in Issue Year 2019

Cite

Chicago Sula, İsmail Erkam. “An Eclectic Methodological Approach in Analyzing Foreign Policy: Turkey’s Foreign Policy Roles and Events Dataset (TFPRED)”. All Azimuth: A Journal of Foreign Policy and Peace 8, no. 2 (July 2019): 255-83. https://doi.org/10.20991/allazimuth.476890.

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