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The Moroccan Monarchy and the Islam-oriented PJD: Pragmatic Cohabitation and the Need for Islamic Political Secularism

Year 2016, Volume: 5 Issue: 1, 43 - 56, 02.01.2016
https://doi.org/10.20991/allazimuth.167341

Abstract

This paper aims to analyze the political relationship between the Moroccan monarchy and the moderate Islam-oriented Party of Justice and Development (PJD), which has been in power since 2011. The research methodology involves an in-depth case analysis and relies on a substantial number of primary and secondary sources such as official speeches, official political statements, journal articles and newspapers. The study finds the relationship between the PJD and the monarchy inconsistent, similar to the PJD’s relationship with other political parties. The paper argues that adopting an approach based on an Islamic political secularism that considers Morocco’s specific political realities may ease tension between the PJD on the one hand and the monarchy and other parties on the other

References

  • Alyaoum, Akhbar. “Benkirane breaks his silence about the case of Choubani and Benkhaldoun.” Alyaoum 24, April 23, 2015. http://www.alyaoum24.com/pdf/%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d8%af%d8%af-1658.
  • Arieff, Alexis. Morocco: Current issues (CRS Report No. RL21579) Washington, DC: Congressional Research Service, 2013. http://www.fas.org/sgp/crs/row/RS21579.pdf.
  • Liddell, “Notables,” 322.
  • Bayart, Jean-François. “Etre laïque en terre d’islam.” Le Monde, November 28, 2011.
  • Benkirane, Abdelilah. “Benkirane: Democracy in Morocco advancing slowly but surely.” October 10, 2012. http:// moroccoonthemove.com/2012/10/10/Benkirane-democracy-in-morocco-advancing-slowly-but-surely-middle- east-online/#sthash.Oju2H05S.dpbs.
  • Boukhars, Anouar. “Morocco’s Islamists: Bucking the trend?” FRIDE Policy Brief No. 182, June 2014. http://fride. org/download/PB_182_Morocco_Islamists.pdf.
  • Daadaoui, Mohamed. “Rituals of Power and Political Parties in Morocco: Limited elections as positional strategies.” Middle Eastern Studies 46, no. 2 (2010): 195-219.
  • Dalmasso, Emanuela and Francesco Cavatorta. “Political Islam in Morocco: Negotiating the liberal space post 2003.” Paper prepared for the ECPR Joint Sessions Workshop, ‘Globalisation, Secularisation and Religion - Different States, Same Trajectories?’ St. Gallen, Switzerland, April 2011. http://doras.dcu.ie/16302/1/1104.pdf.
  • Dieste, Josep L-M. “Demonstrating Islam: the Conflict of Text and the Mudawwana Reform in Morocco.” The Muslim World 99, no. 1 (2009): 134-154.
  • El Aouni, Zouhair. “Morocco: A Case Study for Political Schizophrenia.” Tariq Ramadan, May 6, 2014. http:// tariqramadan.com/english/2014/05/06/morocco-a-case-study-for-political-schizophrenia-by-zouhair-el-aouni/.
  • Hamzawy, Amr. “Interview with Saad Eddin Al Othmani, leader of Morocco’s Party of Justice and Development.” Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, December 20, 2005. http://carnegieendowment.org/2008/08/20/ interview-with-saad-eddin-al-othmani-leader-of-morocco-s-party-of-justice-and-development/fhr5.
  • Josep, L-M. Dieste. “Demonstrating Islam: the Conflict of Text and the Mudawwana Reform in Morocco.” The Muslim World 99, no. 1 (2009): 134-54.
  • Kausch, Kristina. “The European Union and Political Reform in Morocco.” Mediterranean Politics 14, no. 2 (2009): 165-79.
  • Kuru, Ahmet T. “Passive and Assertive Secularism: Historical Conditions, Ideological Struggles, and State Policies toward Religion.” World Politics 59, no. 4 (July 2007): 568-94.
  • Lagarde, Dominique. “Maroc: un an après, Benkirane reste un Premier ministre populaire.” L’Express, January 23, 2013.
  • Liddell, James. “Notables, Clientelism and the Politics of Change in Morocco.” The Journal of North African Studies 15, no. 3 (2010): 315-31.
  • Maghraoui, Driss. “Introduction: Interpreting reform in Morocco.” Mediterranean Politics 14, no. 2 (2009): 143-49.
  • Marshall, Katherine. “Morocco: It’s complicated.” The Washington Post, February 7, 2011.
  • Monjib, Maâti. “The Democratization Process in Morocco: Progress, obstacles, and the impact of the Islamist- Secularist divide.” Working Paper 5, The Saban Center for Middle East Policy at the Brookings Institute, 2011. http://www.brookings.edu/~/media/research/files/papers/2011/8/morocco%20monjib/08_morocco_monjib.pdf.
  • Sallon, Hélène. “Mohamed VI offre au Maroc une révolution tranquille.” Le Monde, March 10, 2011.
  • Sater, James. “Parliamentary Elections and Authoritarian Rule in Morocco.” Middle East Journal 63, no. 3 (2009): 381-400.
  • Soage, Ana Belen. “Political Islam in Morocco: Is there an ‘exception marocaine’?” Middle East Review of International Affairs 17, no. 3 (Fall 2013): 1-7.
  • Tozy, Mohamed. “Islamists, Technocrats, and the Palace.” Journal of Democracy 19, no. 1 (2008): 34-41.
  • ––– . “Mohamed Tozy : Le roi du Maroc gère le temps long, celui de la stratégie.” By Youssef Aït Akdim. Jeune Afrique, August 5, 2014.
  • U.S. Department of State. 2011 Human Rights Reports: Morocco. http://www.state.gov/j/drl/rls/hrrpt/2011/nea/186440.htm.
  • Weastall, Sylvia. “Islam can exist with democracy, Turkish PM Erdogan tells Tunisians.” Reuters, September 15, 2011. http://blogs.reuters.com/faithworld/2011/09/15/islam-can-exist-with-democracy-says-turkish-pm- erdogan/.
  • Willis, J. Michael. “Islamism, Democratization and Disillusionment: Morocco’s Legislative Elections of 2007.” Research paper, St Antony’s College, Oxford University, 2008. http://www.sant.ox.ac.uk/mec/morocco/ Islamism-Democratisation-Disillusionment.pdf.

The Moroccan Monarchy and the Islam-oriented PJD: Pragmatic Cohabitation and the Need for Islamic Political Secularism

Year 2016, Volume: 5 Issue: 1, 43 - 56, 02.01.2016
https://doi.org/10.20991/allazimuth.167341

Abstract

References

  • Alyaoum, Akhbar. “Benkirane breaks his silence about the case of Choubani and Benkhaldoun.” Alyaoum 24, April 23, 2015. http://www.alyaoum24.com/pdf/%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d8%af%d8%af-1658.
  • Arieff, Alexis. Morocco: Current issues (CRS Report No. RL21579) Washington, DC: Congressional Research Service, 2013. http://www.fas.org/sgp/crs/row/RS21579.pdf.
  • Liddell, “Notables,” 322.
  • Bayart, Jean-François. “Etre laïque en terre d’islam.” Le Monde, November 28, 2011.
  • Benkirane, Abdelilah. “Benkirane: Democracy in Morocco advancing slowly but surely.” October 10, 2012. http:// moroccoonthemove.com/2012/10/10/Benkirane-democracy-in-morocco-advancing-slowly-but-surely-middle- east-online/#sthash.Oju2H05S.dpbs.
  • Boukhars, Anouar. “Morocco’s Islamists: Bucking the trend?” FRIDE Policy Brief No. 182, June 2014. http://fride. org/download/PB_182_Morocco_Islamists.pdf.
  • Daadaoui, Mohamed. “Rituals of Power and Political Parties in Morocco: Limited elections as positional strategies.” Middle Eastern Studies 46, no. 2 (2010): 195-219.
  • Dalmasso, Emanuela and Francesco Cavatorta. “Political Islam in Morocco: Negotiating the liberal space post 2003.” Paper prepared for the ECPR Joint Sessions Workshop, ‘Globalisation, Secularisation and Religion - Different States, Same Trajectories?’ St. Gallen, Switzerland, April 2011. http://doras.dcu.ie/16302/1/1104.pdf.
  • Dieste, Josep L-M. “Demonstrating Islam: the Conflict of Text and the Mudawwana Reform in Morocco.” The Muslim World 99, no. 1 (2009): 134-154.
  • El Aouni, Zouhair. “Morocco: A Case Study for Political Schizophrenia.” Tariq Ramadan, May 6, 2014. http:// tariqramadan.com/english/2014/05/06/morocco-a-case-study-for-political-schizophrenia-by-zouhair-el-aouni/.
  • Hamzawy, Amr. “Interview with Saad Eddin Al Othmani, leader of Morocco’s Party of Justice and Development.” Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, December 20, 2005. http://carnegieendowment.org/2008/08/20/ interview-with-saad-eddin-al-othmani-leader-of-morocco-s-party-of-justice-and-development/fhr5.
  • Josep, L-M. Dieste. “Demonstrating Islam: the Conflict of Text and the Mudawwana Reform in Morocco.” The Muslim World 99, no. 1 (2009): 134-54.
  • Kausch, Kristina. “The European Union and Political Reform in Morocco.” Mediterranean Politics 14, no. 2 (2009): 165-79.
  • Kuru, Ahmet T. “Passive and Assertive Secularism: Historical Conditions, Ideological Struggles, and State Policies toward Religion.” World Politics 59, no. 4 (July 2007): 568-94.
  • Lagarde, Dominique. “Maroc: un an après, Benkirane reste un Premier ministre populaire.” L’Express, January 23, 2013.
  • Liddell, James. “Notables, Clientelism and the Politics of Change in Morocco.” The Journal of North African Studies 15, no. 3 (2010): 315-31.
  • Maghraoui, Driss. “Introduction: Interpreting reform in Morocco.” Mediterranean Politics 14, no. 2 (2009): 143-49.
  • Marshall, Katherine. “Morocco: It’s complicated.” The Washington Post, February 7, 2011.
  • Monjib, Maâti. “The Democratization Process in Morocco: Progress, obstacles, and the impact of the Islamist- Secularist divide.” Working Paper 5, The Saban Center for Middle East Policy at the Brookings Institute, 2011. http://www.brookings.edu/~/media/research/files/papers/2011/8/morocco%20monjib/08_morocco_monjib.pdf.
  • Sallon, Hélène. “Mohamed VI offre au Maroc une révolution tranquille.” Le Monde, March 10, 2011.
  • Sater, James. “Parliamentary Elections and Authoritarian Rule in Morocco.” Middle East Journal 63, no. 3 (2009): 381-400.
  • Soage, Ana Belen. “Political Islam in Morocco: Is there an ‘exception marocaine’?” Middle East Review of International Affairs 17, no. 3 (Fall 2013): 1-7.
  • Tozy, Mohamed. “Islamists, Technocrats, and the Palace.” Journal of Democracy 19, no. 1 (2008): 34-41.
  • ––– . “Mohamed Tozy : Le roi du Maroc gère le temps long, celui de la stratégie.” By Youssef Aït Akdim. Jeune Afrique, August 5, 2014.
  • U.S. Department of State. 2011 Human Rights Reports: Morocco. http://www.state.gov/j/drl/rls/hrrpt/2011/nea/186440.htm.
  • Weastall, Sylvia. “Islam can exist with democracy, Turkish PM Erdogan tells Tunisians.” Reuters, September 15, 2011. http://blogs.reuters.com/faithworld/2011/09/15/islam-can-exist-with-democracy-says-turkish-pm- erdogan/.
  • Willis, J. Michael. “Islamism, Democratization and Disillusionment: Morocco’s Legislative Elections of 2007.” Research paper, St Antony’s College, Oxford University, 2008. http://www.sant.ox.ac.uk/mec/morocco/ Islamism-Democratisation-Disillusionment.pdf.
There are 27 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Abdellatif Hissouf This is me

Publication Date January 2, 2016
Published in Issue Year 2016 Volume: 5 Issue: 1

Cite

Chicago Hissouf, Abdellatif. “The Moroccan Monarchy and the Islam-Oriented PJD: Pragmatic Cohabitation and the Need for Islamic Political Secularism”. All Azimuth: A Journal of Foreign Policy and Peace 5, no. 1 (January 2016): 43-56. https://doi.org/10.20991/allazimuth.167341.

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