Research Article
BibTex RIS Cite

ANTİK YUNAN TOPLUMUNDA ENGELLİ OLMAK

Year 2024, , 89 - 104, 31.07.2024
https://doi.org/10.48122/amisos.1514761

Abstract

Antik Yunan toplumunda tıpkı diğer toplumlarda olduğu gibi bedensel ve ruhsal bakımdan engelli
olarak tanımlanan bireylerin mevcudiyeti görülmektedir. Fiziksel ve ruhsal anlamda sağlıklı ya da
sağlıksız olma durumu gerek Atina’da ve gerekse de Sparta’da farklı şekilde algılanmış ve
tanımlanmıştır. Engelli olma hali doğuştan gelebileceği gibi kişilerin sonradan deneyimlemek
zorunda kalabilecekleri bir durum da olabilmektedir. Antik Yunanca’da “engelli” kavramını
tanımlayan farklı ifadeler ve kelimeler kullanılmıştır. Toplumda engelli olarak nitelendirilen kişiler
devlet, hukuk sistemi, ordu ve toplum nezdinde farklı muamelelere tabi tutulmuşlardır. Bunların
içinde öjeni olarak adlandırılan son derece acımasız bir uygulama ile ableist bakış açısı olduğu gibi,
tam tersi şekilde engelli bireylere sosyal yardımlarda bulunan, onların varlığını kabul edip saygı
gösteren anlayış da mevcuttur. Bu çalışmada ilk olarak engelli kavramı, bu kavramın tarihsel olarak
algılanışı, daha sonra da Antik Yunan toplumundaki (Antik Sparta ve Atina özelinde) karşılığı gerek
antik ve gerekse de modern kaynakların rehberliğinde ele alınarak konu ile ilgili bir değerlendirme
yapılacaktır.

References

  • Brunet, S. 2003, “Dwarf Athletes in the Roman Empire”, Ancient History Bulletin, 17/1-2, 31- 46.
  • Clark, P. A. 1993, The Balance of the Mind: The Experience and Perception of Mental Illness in Antiquity. Washington.
  • Compton, M. T. 1998, “The Union of Religion and Health in Ancient Asklepieia”, Journal of Religion and Health, 37/4, 301-312.
  • Davis, L. J. 2002, Bending Over Backwards: Disability, Dismodernism, and Other Difficult Positions. New York.
  • Dillon, M. P. J. 1995, “Payments to the Disabled at Athens: Social Justice or Fear of Aristocratic Patronage?”, Ancient Society, 26, 27-57.
  • Finely, M. I. 1981, “The Elderly in Classical Antiquity”, Greece and Rome, 28, 2, 156-171.
  • Garland, R. 1995, The Eye of the Beholder: Deformity and Disability in the Graeco-Roman World, New York.
  • Horstmanshoff, M. 2012, “Disability and rehabilition in the Graeco-Roman World.” Behinderungen und Beeinträchtigungen/Disability and Impairment in Antiquity, Edt. Rubert Breitwieser, Oxford, 1-11.
  • Kabaağaç, S. – Alova, E. 1995, Latince-Türkçe Sözlük, Sosyal Yayınlar, İstanbul.
  • Kelly, N. 2007, “Deformity and Disability in Greece and Rome”, This Abled Body: Rethinking Disabilities in Biblical Studies, Edt. Hector Avalos, Atalanta, 31-47.

BEING DISABLED IN ANCIENT GREEK SOCIETY

Year 2024, , 89 - 104, 31.07.2024
https://doi.org/10.48122/amisos.1514761

Abstract

In ancient Greek society, as in other societies, there were individuals who were defined as physically
and mentally disabled. Being physically and mentally healthy or unhealthy was perceived and
defined differently both in Athens and Sparta. The state of being disabled may be congenital or it
may be a situation that people may have to experience later. In ancient Greek, different expressions and words were used to define the concept of "disabled". People labelled as disabled in society have
been subjected to different treatments by the state, legal system, army and society. Among these,
there is an extremely cruel practice called eugenics and an ableist point of view, as well as an
understanding that provides social assistance to disabled individuals, recognises and respects their
existence. In this study, firstly, the concept of disability, the historical perception of this concept,
and then its counterpart in Ancient Greek society (in the case of Ancient Sparta and Athens) will be
discussed under the guidance of both ancient and modern sources and an evaluation will be made
on the subject.

References

  • Brunet, S. 2003, “Dwarf Athletes in the Roman Empire”, Ancient History Bulletin, 17/1-2, 31- 46.
  • Clark, P. A. 1993, The Balance of the Mind: The Experience and Perception of Mental Illness in Antiquity. Washington.
  • Compton, M. T. 1998, “The Union of Religion and Health in Ancient Asklepieia”, Journal of Religion and Health, 37/4, 301-312.
  • Davis, L. J. 2002, Bending Over Backwards: Disability, Dismodernism, and Other Difficult Positions. New York.
  • Dillon, M. P. J. 1995, “Payments to the Disabled at Athens: Social Justice or Fear of Aristocratic Patronage?”, Ancient Society, 26, 27-57.
  • Finely, M. I. 1981, “The Elderly in Classical Antiquity”, Greece and Rome, 28, 2, 156-171.
  • Garland, R. 1995, The Eye of the Beholder: Deformity and Disability in the Graeco-Roman World, New York.
  • Horstmanshoff, M. 2012, “Disability and rehabilition in the Graeco-Roman World.” Behinderungen und Beeinträchtigungen/Disability and Impairment in Antiquity, Edt. Rubert Breitwieser, Oxford, 1-11.
  • Kabaağaç, S. – Alova, E. 1995, Latince-Türkçe Sözlük, Sosyal Yayınlar, İstanbul.
  • Kelly, N. 2007, “Deformity and Disability in Greece and Rome”, This Abled Body: Rethinking Disabilities in Biblical Studies, Edt. Hector Avalos, Atalanta, 31-47.
There are 10 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Old Anatolian History
Journal Section MAKALELER / ARTICLES
Authors

Rahim Kızgut 0000-0001-8898-1859

Publication Date July 31, 2024
Submission Date July 11, 2024
Acceptance Date July 31, 2024
Published in Issue Year 2024

Cite

Chicago Kızgut, Rahim. “ANTİK YUNAN TOPLUMUNDA ENGELLİ OLMAK”. Amisos 9, no. Prof. Dr. Ergin AYAN’A ARMAĞAN Özel Sayı (July 2024): 89-104. https://doi.org/10.48122/amisos.1514761.

Tarihi aydınlatabilmek ümidi ile...

.................AMİSOS.................