TÜRKİYE’DE İŞ KAZASI VE MESLEK HASTALIĞINA BAĞLI SÜREKLİ İŞ GÖREMEZLİKLERİN EKONOMİK MALİYETİNE İLİŞKİN İSTATİSTİKSEL ANALİZ VE DEĞERLENDİRME

Year 2024, Volume: 25 Issue: 4, 51 - 71, 31.12.2024

Deniz Boz Eravcı , İbrahim Yılmaz

https://doi.org/10.53443/anadoluibfd.1453333

Abstract

İş kazası ve meslek hastalığı (İKMH) sonuçları itibariyle ülkemizde olduğu gibi dünyada da ciddi bir halk sağlığı ve sosyal politika problemi olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Her yıl milyonlarca çalışan bunun sonucunda geçici/kalıcı olarak çalışamaz hale gelmektedir. Çalışmada, Sosyal Güvenlik Kurumunun 2013-2022 yılları arasındaki iş kazası ve meslek hastalıkları veri seti kullanılarak iş günü kayıpları ve toplam sürekli iş göremezlikler (SİG) tanımlayıcı istatistik yöntemleri ile analiz edilmiştir. Yapılan analizlere göre, Türkiye’de 2013-2022 yılları arasında İKMH sonrası 15.647 çalışan SİG almıştır. Kadınlarda yaş ortalaması 38,4 ± 0,37; erkeklerde ise 38,5±0,08’dir. En fazla sürekli iş göremezliğin kadın (%57,84) ve erkeklerde (%59,70) ilkokul mezunlarına verildiği tespit edilmiştir. Referans yıllar arasında SİG’lerin toplam ekonomik maliyetinin 2.967.509.235 TL olduğu ve bunun GSYH’nın %6,26’lık payını oluşturduğu tespit edilmiştir. Toplam maliyetin yıllara ve iş göremezlik derecelerine göre istatistiksel anlamlılıkta farklılık gösterdiği tespit edilmiştir (p<0,05). Elde edilen sonuçlar, politik ve pratik uygulamalar çerçevesinde değerlendirilerek, karar vericilere öneriler sunulmuştur.

Keywords

İş Kazaları, Meslek Hastalıkları, İşe Dönüş, Maliyet, Sürekli İş Göremezlik

STATISTICAL ANALYSIS AND EVALUATION ON THE ECONOMIC COST OF PERMANENT DISABILITY DUE TO OCCUPATIONAL ACCIDENTS AND OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES IN TURKEY

Abstract

Occupational accidents and occupational diseases are a serious public health and social policy problem in our country and around the world. Every year, millions of workers are temporarily/permanently unable to work as a result. In this study, working days lost and total permanent incapacity to work were analysed using descriptive statistical methods on the basis of the Social Insurance Institution's data set on occupational accidents and diseases for the years 2013-2022. According to the analyses, 15,647 workers in Turkey received permanent incapacity to work after occupational accidents and occupational diseases between 2013 and 2022. The average age was 38.4 ± 0.37 for women and 38.5 ± 0.08 for men. It was found that the highest rate of permanent incapacity to work was among primary school graduates for women (57.84%) and men (59.70%). It was determined that the total economic cost of permanent disability between the reference years was TL 2,967,509,235 which constituted 6,26 per cent of GDP. It was found that the total costs differed with statistical significance according to the year and the degree of disability (p<0.05). The results obtained are evaluated in the framework of political and practical applications and recommendations are presented to decision makers.

Keywords

Occupational Accidents, Occupational Diseases, Return to Work, Cost, Permanent Incapacity

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