Research Article
BibTex RIS Cite

Zonguldak Çatalağzı Bölgesinde Bazı Atmosferik Polisiklik Aromatik Hidrokarbonların ve İz Elementlerin Karayosunları Kullanılarak Araştırılması

Year 2021, Volume: 7 Issue: 1, 44 - 52, 15.06.2021
https://doi.org/10.26672/anatolianbryology.892981

Abstract

Bu araştırma yakıt olarak kömür kullanan iki termik santralin yer aldığı Çatalağzı bölgesinde yapılmıştır. Çalışmada, 39 noktadan biyomonitör karayosunu (Hypnum cupressiforme Hedw.) örnekleri toplanmış ve bu örneklerde bazı polisiklik aromatik hidrokarbonların (PAH’lar) ve iz elementlerin atmosferik birikimleri araştırılmıştır. Karayosunu örneklerindeki PAH’ların ekstraksiyonu ultrasonik banyo kullanılarak diklorometan ile yapılmış ve ardından bir temizleme işlemi sonrasında elde edilen numuneler ultraviyole dedektörlü yüksek performans sıvı kromatografisi (HPLC-UV) ile analiz edilmiştir. Karayosunu örneklerinde ölçülen toplam PAH konsantrasyonları 53,7 ile 1707,9 ng/g arasında değişiklik göstermiştir. Fenantren, floranten ve piren baskın PAH’lar olarak tespit edilmiştir. İz elementler ile ilgili olarak, karayosunu örnekleri mikrodalgada çözünürleştirme işlemi sonrasında indüktif eşleşmiş plazma-kütle spektrometresi (ICP-MS) ile analiz edilmiştir. Yosun örneklerinde iz elementler için bulunan konsantrasyon sıralaması Zn>Pb>Cu>Cr>Ni>As>Cd şeklindedir. PAH’ların ve metallerin hem kendi içlerinde hem de birbirleriyle olan muhtemel ilişkileri Pearson korelasyon analizi ile incelenmiş ve bazı değişkenler arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı ilişkilerin olduğu bulunmuştur. PAH’lar ve iz elementler için örnekleme noktalarına göre birikim yoğunluk haritaları oluşturulmuş ve söz konusu kirleticilerin termik santrallere yakın noktalarda daha yüksek seviyelerde olduğu gözlenmiştir.

Supporting Institution

Zonguldak Bülent Ecevit Üniversitesi, Bilimsel Araştırma Projeleri

Project Number

2013-84906727-03

Thanks

Bu çalışma Zonguldak Bülent Ecevit Üniversitesi, Bilimsel Araştırma Projeleri 2013-84906727-03’nolu proje ile desteklenmiştir.

References

  • Akçay N. Baltaş H. Batan N. Uyar G. Yangın S. Karayılan M. Ferah K. 2019. Determination of Seasonal Variation of Air Pollution in Rize Province by Using a Type of Biomonitor Moss Hypnum. Journal of Technical Sciences, 9:3, 1-8.
  • Allajbeu S. Qarri F. Marku E. Bekteshi L. Ibro V. Frontasyeva M. V. Stafilov T. Lazo P. 2017. Contamination scale of atmospheric deposition for assessing air quality in Albania evaluated from most toxic heavy metal and moss biomonitoring. Air Qual Atmos Health. 10, 587-599.
  • Babicki S. Arndt D. Marcu A. Liang Y. Grant J. R. Maciejewski A. Wishart D. S. 2016. Heatmapper: web-enabled heat mapping for all. Nucleic Acids Res. 2016 May 17 (epub ahead of print). doi:10.1093/nar/gkw419.
  • Batan N. Özdemir T. Mendil D. 2012. Determination of Heavy Metal Concentration of Mosses in Degirmendere Valley of Trabzon Province of Turkey. Asian Journal of Chemıstry, 24:1, 193-196.
  • Çabuk H. Kılıç M. S. Ören M. 2014. Biomonitoring of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in urban and industrial environments of the Western Black Sea Region, Turkey. Environ Monit Assess. 186:3, 1515-1524.
  • Çates 2013. Çatalağzı Termik Santrali. Web sayfası: http://www.cates.gov.tr/tarihce/tarihce.html,. [Erişim: 24 Ağustos 2013].
  • Fernández J.A. Boquete M.T. Carballeira A. Aboal J.R. 2015. A critical review of protocols for moss biomonitoring of atmospheric deposition: sampling and sample preparation. The Science of the Total Environment. 517, 132-150.
  • Glime J.M. 2017. Bryophyte ecology, Ebook sponsored by Michigan Technological University and the International Association of Bryologists. Web sayfası: http://digitalcommons.mtu.edu/bryophyte-ecology. [Erişim: 15 Mart 2020].
  • İçel Y. Çobanoğlu G. 2009. Biomonitoring of Atmospheric Heavy Metal Pollution Using Lichens and Mosses in The City of Istanbul, Turkey. Fresenius Environmental Bulletin. 18:11, 2066-2071.
  • Kılıç Ö. Belivermiş M. Sıkdokur E. Sezer N. Erentürk S. A. Haciyakupoğlu S. Madadzada A. Frontasyeva M. 2019. Assessment of 210Po and 210Pb by moss biomonitoring technique in Thrace region of Turkey. J Radioanal Nucl Chem. 322, 699-706.
  • Kiathm 2016. T.C. Çevre ve Şehircilik Bakanlığı, Kuzey İç Anadolu Temiz Hava Merkez Müdürlüğü, Zonguldak İli Hava Kalitesi Analiz Raporu (2010-2016), Ankara.
  • Landrigan P.J. Fuller R. 2015. Global health and environmental pollution. Int J Public Health, 60, 761-762.
  • Özdemir T. Batan N. Mendil D. Apaydın G. Cengiz E. 2013. Some Element Levels in Moss Samples Collected from the Igdir-Nahhicevan International Highway, Turkey. Asian Journal of Chemistry, 25:12, 6741-6744.
  • Özdemir T. Mendil D. 2008. Determination of trace elements in some moss samples by atomic absorption spectrometry. Asıan Journal of Chemıstry. 20:3, 1786-1790.
  • Sarı H. Mendil D. Tuzen M. Hasdemir E. Özdemir T. 2005. AAS determination of trace metals in some moss samples from Trabzon, Turkey. Fresenius Environmental Bulletin. 14:6, 473-477.
  • Stafilov T. Šajn R. Barandovski L. Andonovska K. B. Malinovska S. 2018. Moss biomonitoring of atmospheric deposition study of minor and trace elements in Macedonia. Air Qual Atmos Health, 11, 137-152.
  • Tchounwou P.B. Yedjou C. G. Patlolla A.K. Sutton D.J. 2012. Heavy metal toxicity and the environment. Experientia supplementum. 101: 133-164.
  • URL 1 Çatalağzı Tanıtımı, Çatalağzı Belediyesi. Web sitesi: https://www.catalagzi.bel.tr/?page_id=2776, [Erişim: 28 Şubat 2021].
  • URL 2 Çatalağzı İklimi Web sitesi. https://tr.climate-data.org/asya/tuerkiye/zonguldak/catalagz%c4%b1-681976/ , [Erişim: 28 Şubat 2021].
  • Us Epa 2020. Hazardous Air Pollutants (United States Environmental Protection Agency). Web sitesi: https://19january2017snapshot.epa.gov/haps_.html. [Erişim: 01 Mart 2021].
  • Uyar G. Avcıl E. Ören M. Karaca F. Öncel M. S. 2009. Determination of Heavy Metal Pollution in Zonguldak (Turkey) by Moss Analysis (Hypnum cupressiforme). Environmental Engineering Science, 26:1, 183-194.
  • Uyar G. Ören, M. Ince M. 2007b. Atmospheric Heavy Metal Deposition in Düzce Province by Using Mosses as Biomonitors. Fresenius Environmental Bulletin. 16:2, 145-153.
  • Uyar G. Ören M. Yıldırım Y. 2008. Biomonitoring of Metal Deposition in the Vicinity of Ereğli Steel Plant in Turkey. Environmental Forensics. 9, 350-363.
  • Uyar G. Ören M. Yildirim Y. Ince M. 2007a. Mosses as indicators of atmospheric heavy metal deposition around a coal-fired power plant in Turkey. Fresenius Environmental Bulletin. 16:2, 182-192.
  • Uyar A. Çabuk H. Uyar G. Ören M. Alataş M. 2020. Trace Metal Profiles of Human Hair and Nail Samples Collected from Urban and Rural Areas of Zonguldak Turkey. Düzce University Journal of Science & Technology. 8, 915-924.
  • Zetes 2013. Eren Enerji Termik Santrali Web sitesi: http://www.eren-enerji.com.tr/. [Erişim: 24 Temmuz 2013].

Investigation of Some Atmospheric Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Trace Elements Using Mosses in Zonguldak Çatalağzı Region

Year 2021, Volume: 7 Issue: 1, 44 - 52, 15.06.2021
https://doi.org/10.26672/anatolianbryology.892981

Abstract

This research was carried out in the Çatalağzı region (Zonguldak Province), where two coal-fired thermal power plants are located. In this study, biomonitor moss samples (Hypnum cupressiforme Hedw.) were collected from 39 points, and the atmospheric accumulations of some polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and trace elements were investigated in these samples. PAHs in the moss samples were extracted with dichloromethane using an ultrasonic bath, and the samples obtained after a cleaning process were analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detector (HPLC-UV). Total PAH concentrations determined in moss samples were ranged from 53.7 to 1707.9 ng/g. The predominant PAHs were phenanthrene, pyrene and fluoranthene. Regarding trace elements, moss samples were analyzed by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) after microwave digestion process. The concentration order was found for trace elements in moss samples was Zn> Pb> Cu> Cr> Ni> As> Cd. Possible relationships between PAHs and metals, both within themselves and with each other, were investigated using Pearson correlation analysis, and it was found that there were statistically significant relationships between some variables. Deposition density maps were created according to the sampling points for PAH and trace elements, and it was observed that the pollutants were at higher levels near the thermal power plants.

Project Number

2013-84906727-03

References

  • Akçay N. Baltaş H. Batan N. Uyar G. Yangın S. Karayılan M. Ferah K. 2019. Determination of Seasonal Variation of Air Pollution in Rize Province by Using a Type of Biomonitor Moss Hypnum. Journal of Technical Sciences, 9:3, 1-8.
  • Allajbeu S. Qarri F. Marku E. Bekteshi L. Ibro V. Frontasyeva M. V. Stafilov T. Lazo P. 2017. Contamination scale of atmospheric deposition for assessing air quality in Albania evaluated from most toxic heavy metal and moss biomonitoring. Air Qual Atmos Health. 10, 587-599.
  • Babicki S. Arndt D. Marcu A. Liang Y. Grant J. R. Maciejewski A. Wishart D. S. 2016. Heatmapper: web-enabled heat mapping for all. Nucleic Acids Res. 2016 May 17 (epub ahead of print). doi:10.1093/nar/gkw419.
  • Batan N. Özdemir T. Mendil D. 2012. Determination of Heavy Metal Concentration of Mosses in Degirmendere Valley of Trabzon Province of Turkey. Asian Journal of Chemıstry, 24:1, 193-196.
  • Çabuk H. Kılıç M. S. Ören M. 2014. Biomonitoring of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in urban and industrial environments of the Western Black Sea Region, Turkey. Environ Monit Assess. 186:3, 1515-1524.
  • Çates 2013. Çatalağzı Termik Santrali. Web sayfası: http://www.cates.gov.tr/tarihce/tarihce.html,. [Erişim: 24 Ağustos 2013].
  • Fernández J.A. Boquete M.T. Carballeira A. Aboal J.R. 2015. A critical review of protocols for moss biomonitoring of atmospheric deposition: sampling and sample preparation. The Science of the Total Environment. 517, 132-150.
  • Glime J.M. 2017. Bryophyte ecology, Ebook sponsored by Michigan Technological University and the International Association of Bryologists. Web sayfası: http://digitalcommons.mtu.edu/bryophyte-ecology. [Erişim: 15 Mart 2020].
  • İçel Y. Çobanoğlu G. 2009. Biomonitoring of Atmospheric Heavy Metal Pollution Using Lichens and Mosses in The City of Istanbul, Turkey. Fresenius Environmental Bulletin. 18:11, 2066-2071.
  • Kılıç Ö. Belivermiş M. Sıkdokur E. Sezer N. Erentürk S. A. Haciyakupoğlu S. Madadzada A. Frontasyeva M. 2019. Assessment of 210Po and 210Pb by moss biomonitoring technique in Thrace region of Turkey. J Radioanal Nucl Chem. 322, 699-706.
  • Kiathm 2016. T.C. Çevre ve Şehircilik Bakanlığı, Kuzey İç Anadolu Temiz Hava Merkez Müdürlüğü, Zonguldak İli Hava Kalitesi Analiz Raporu (2010-2016), Ankara.
  • Landrigan P.J. Fuller R. 2015. Global health and environmental pollution. Int J Public Health, 60, 761-762.
  • Özdemir T. Batan N. Mendil D. Apaydın G. Cengiz E. 2013. Some Element Levels in Moss Samples Collected from the Igdir-Nahhicevan International Highway, Turkey. Asian Journal of Chemistry, 25:12, 6741-6744.
  • Özdemir T. Mendil D. 2008. Determination of trace elements in some moss samples by atomic absorption spectrometry. Asıan Journal of Chemıstry. 20:3, 1786-1790.
  • Sarı H. Mendil D. Tuzen M. Hasdemir E. Özdemir T. 2005. AAS determination of trace metals in some moss samples from Trabzon, Turkey. Fresenius Environmental Bulletin. 14:6, 473-477.
  • Stafilov T. Šajn R. Barandovski L. Andonovska K. B. Malinovska S. 2018. Moss biomonitoring of atmospheric deposition study of minor and trace elements in Macedonia. Air Qual Atmos Health, 11, 137-152.
  • Tchounwou P.B. Yedjou C. G. Patlolla A.K. Sutton D.J. 2012. Heavy metal toxicity and the environment. Experientia supplementum. 101: 133-164.
  • URL 1 Çatalağzı Tanıtımı, Çatalağzı Belediyesi. Web sitesi: https://www.catalagzi.bel.tr/?page_id=2776, [Erişim: 28 Şubat 2021].
  • URL 2 Çatalağzı İklimi Web sitesi. https://tr.climate-data.org/asya/tuerkiye/zonguldak/catalagz%c4%b1-681976/ , [Erişim: 28 Şubat 2021].
  • Us Epa 2020. Hazardous Air Pollutants (United States Environmental Protection Agency). Web sitesi: https://19january2017snapshot.epa.gov/haps_.html. [Erişim: 01 Mart 2021].
  • Uyar G. Avcıl E. Ören M. Karaca F. Öncel M. S. 2009. Determination of Heavy Metal Pollution in Zonguldak (Turkey) by Moss Analysis (Hypnum cupressiforme). Environmental Engineering Science, 26:1, 183-194.
  • Uyar G. Ören, M. Ince M. 2007b. Atmospheric Heavy Metal Deposition in Düzce Province by Using Mosses as Biomonitors. Fresenius Environmental Bulletin. 16:2, 145-153.
  • Uyar G. Ören M. Yıldırım Y. 2008. Biomonitoring of Metal Deposition in the Vicinity of Ereğli Steel Plant in Turkey. Environmental Forensics. 9, 350-363.
  • Uyar G. Ören M. Yildirim Y. Ince M. 2007a. Mosses as indicators of atmospheric heavy metal deposition around a coal-fired power plant in Turkey. Fresenius Environmental Bulletin. 16:2, 182-192.
  • Uyar A. Çabuk H. Uyar G. Ören M. Alataş M. 2020. Trace Metal Profiles of Human Hair and Nail Samples Collected from Urban and Rural Areas of Zonguldak Turkey. Düzce University Journal of Science & Technology. 8, 915-924.
  • Zetes 2013. Eren Enerji Termik Santrali Web sitesi: http://www.eren-enerji.com.tr/. [Erişim: 24 Temmuz 2013].
There are 26 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Muhammet Ören 0000-0003-1839-3087

Gülsüm Koçak 0000-0001-7783-0027

Hasan Çabuk 0000-0001-9476-0673

Project Number 2013-84906727-03
Publication Date June 15, 2021
Submission Date March 8, 2021
Published in Issue Year 2021 Volume: 7 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Ören, M., Koçak, G., & Çabuk, H. (2021). Zonguldak Çatalağzı Bölgesinde Bazı Atmosferik Polisiklik Aromatik Hidrokarbonların ve İz Elementlerin Karayosunları Kullanılarak Araştırılması. Anatolian Bryology, 7(1), 44-52. https://doi.org/10.26672/anatolianbryology.892981

13304133141331513316133242069422229 27016 27017 27017  27018