CONTROLLING CELL MORPHOLOGY ON ION BEAM TEXTURED POLYMERIC SURFACES

Year 2015, Volume: 9 Issue: 3, 135 - 141, 01.02.2016

Emel Sokullu Fulya Ersoy Ahmet Öztarhan İan G. Brown

Abstract

Objectives: Nano and micro sized textures on surfaces are generally useful biomaterials. Although the importance of roughness degree has been reported for cell morphology, texture morphology can be more determining for cell adhesion and proliferation. Biodegradable polymers are extensively used as scaffolds as well as implant materials in the human body. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of ion beam bombardment on cell morphology.
Methods: Gold and carbon ion implantation was made on biodegradable polymers polyglycolic acid, polycaprolactone and polylactic-co-glycolic-acid. Roughness data were obtained from atomic force microscopy. After surface modification with ion beam, B35 neural cells were evaluated on surfaces for cell compatibility. Morphology and cell surface interaction were analyzed with scanning electron microscopy.
Results: We observed improved cell adhesion after ion beam surface modification. Cell adhesion was greater on gold implanted surfaces compared to the carbon implanted. Neural cells attached to lamellar wrinkles, spread by taking the shape of the pattern and exhibited high aspect ratios and axon extension. In contrast, cells that attached on the untreated surfaces remained rounded with low spreading.
Conclusion: The findings of this study are important for development of ion beam modified cell cultures and scaffold systems to understand texture-based cell adhesion mechanisms.

Keywords

ion implantation, cell culture, polylactic-co-glycolic acid, surface treatment, topography, wettability

References

• Chu PK, Chen JY, Wang LP, Huang N. Plasma-surface modification of biomaterials. Mater Sci Eng R 2002;36:143–206.
• Lerouge S, Fozza AC, Wertheimer MR, Marchand R, Yahia LH. Sterilization by low-pressure plasma: the role of vacuum-ultraviolet radiation. Plasmas Polym 2000;5:31–46.
• Braceras I, Alava JI, Goikoetxea L, de Maeztu MA, Onate JI. Interaction of engineered surfaces with the living world: ion implantation vs. osseointegration. Surf Coat Tech 2007;201:8091–8.
• Brown IG, Bjornstad KA, Blakely EA, Galvin JE, Monteiro OR, Sangyuenyongpipat S. Growth of large patterned arrays of neurons using plasma methods. Plasma Phys Control Fusion 2003;45:547–54.
• Sokullu-Urkac E, Oztarhan A, Tihminlioglu F, Kaya N, Ila D, Muntele C, Budak S, Oks E, Nikolaev A, Ezdesir A, Tek Z. Thermal characterization of Ag and Ag + N ion implanted ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE). Nucl Instrum Methods Phys Res B, Beam Interact Mater At 2007:261;699–703.
• Sokullu Urkac E, Oztarhan A, Tihminlioglu F, Nikolaev A, Brown I. Oxidation behavior of C-and Au ion-implanted biodegradable polymers. IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science 2012;40:863–9.
• Tsuji H, Sommani P, Kitamura T, Hattori M, Sato H, Gotoh Y, Ishikawa J. Nerve-cell attachment properties of polystyrene and silicone rubber modified by carbon negative-ion implantation. Surf Coat Tech 2007;201:8123–6.
• Chung C, Burdick JA. Influence of three-dimensional hyaluronic acid microenvironments on mesenchymal stem cell chondrogenesis. Tissue Eng Part A 2009;15:243–54.
• Khetan S, Katz JS, Burdick JA. Sequential crosslinking to control cellular spreading in 3-dimensional hydrogels. Soft Matter 2009;5:1601e6.
• Parfitt AM. Age-related structural changes in trabecular and cortical bone: cellular mechanisms and biomechanical consequences. Calcif Tissue Int 1984;36:123–8.
• Sikavitsas VI, Temenoff JS, Mikos AG. Biomaterials and bone mechanotransduction. Biomaterials 2001;22:2581–93.
• Gregoire FM, Smas CM, Sul HS. Understanding adipocyte differentiation. Physiol Rev 1998;78:783–809.
• Grigoriadis AE, Heersche JN, Aubin JE. Differentiation of muscle, fat, cartilage, and bone from progenitor cells present in a bonederived clonal cell population: effect of dexamethasone. J Cell Biol 1988;106:2139–51.
• Ishikawa J, Tsuji H, Sato H, Gotoh Y. Ion implantation of negative ions for cell growth manipulation and nervous system repair. Surf Coat Tech 2007;201:8083–90.
• Kobayashi T, Katou R, Yokota T, Suzuki Y, Iwaki M, Terai T. Surface modification of silicone sheets and tubes using plasmabased ion implantation. Surf Coat Tech 2007;201:8039–42.