Fingerprint pattern similarity: a family-based study using novel classification

Year 2019, Volume: 13 Issue: 2, 116 - 121, 31.08.2019

Eric Aigbogun , Chinagorom Ibeachu Ann Lemuel

Abstract

Objectives: Establishing that certain traits are inherited
can be assessed from the extent of morphological similarity of the offspring
and their parents. This study, evaluated the pattern similarity of the
fingerprint of offspring to that of their parents using a novel classification.

Methods: Fifty families (comprising of father, mother and a
child) without ethnic considerations were recruited and digital fingerprints
were obtained. The fingerprints; arch (A), loop (L), and whorl (W) were
identified and a novel classification (A, L, W, AL, AW, and LW) for heredity
study as described by Aigbogun et al.(2018) was adopted. Chi-square analysis
was used to test distribution differences, while a pedigree tree was designed
for the offspring’s similarity to the parents.

Results: In this study, loop (L) was consistently
predominant both as single (>60%) and combined distribution (>75%),
followed by whorl (<25%) and then arch (<22%); although not entirely
consistent for the whorl (W) and arch (A). The distribution except the ring
finger (¯2=24.891; P=0.036) was not statistically significant (p>0.05). From
the pedigree tree, the possibility that the offspring displayed patterns similar
to that of the parental combinations was 84% for the thumb, 76% for the index
finger, 84% for the middle finger, 88% for the ring finger, and 92% for the
little finger.

Conclusion: Morphological evidence from this study suggests
that fingerprints are more genetically determined than environmentally
influenced; however, the pattern in which they are inherited seemed closer to
co-recessivity with complex expressivity.

Keywords

fingerprint pattern, human, inheritance, family, novel classification

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