Research Article
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Year 2020, Volume: 14 Issue: 1, 29 - 38, 30.04.2020

Abstract

References

  • Stark P, Jaramillo D. CT of the sternum. AJR Am J Roentgenol 1986;147:72-7.
  • Weaver AA, Schoell SL, Nguyen CM, Lynch SK, Stitzel JD. Morphometric analysis of variation in the sternum with sex and age. J Morphol 2014;275:1284-99.
  • Franklin D, O'Higgins P, Oxnard CE, Dadour I. Determination of sex in south african blacks by discriminant function analysis of mandibular linear dimensions : a preliminary investigation using the zulu local population. Forensic Sci Med Pathol 2006;2:263-8.
  • Akhlaghi M, Moradi B, Hajibeygi M. Sex determination using anthropometric dimensions of the clavicle in Iranian population. J Forensic Leg Med 2012;19:381-5.
  • Akhlaghi M, Sheikhazadi A, Ebrahimnia A, Hedayati M, Nazparvar B, Saberi Anary SH. The value of radius bone in prediction of sex and height in the Iranian population. J Forensic Leg Med May 2012;19:219-22.
  • Saraf A, Kanchan T, Krishan K, Ateriya N, Setia P. Estimation of stature from sternum - exploring the quadratic models. J Forensic Leg Med 2018;58:9-13.
  • Yekeler E, Tunaci M, Tunaci A, Dursun M, Acunas G. Frequency of sternal variations and anomalies evaluated by MDCT. AJR Am J Roentgenol 2006;186:956-60.
  • Bayarogullari H, Yengil E, Davran R, Aglagul E, Karazincir S, Balci A. Evaluation of the postnatal development of the sternum and sternal variations using multidetector CT. Diagn Interv Radiol 2014;20:82-9.
  • Akin K, Kosehan D, Topcu A, Koktener A. Anatomic evaluation of the xiphoid process with 64-row multidetector computed tomography. Skeletal Radiol 2011;40:447-52.
  • Gayzik FS, Yu MM, Danelson KA, Slice DE, Stitzel JD. Quantification of age-related shape change of the human rib cage through geometric morphometrics. J Biomech 2008;41:1545-54.
  • Oner Z, Turan MK, Oner S, Secgin Y, Sahin B. Sex estimation using sternum part lenghts by means of artificial neural networks. Forensic Sci Int 2019;301:6-11.
  • Scheuer L. Application of osteology to forensic medicine. Clin Anat 2002;15:297-312.
  • Morgan O, Tidball-Binz M, vanAlphen D (eds). Management of dead bodies after disasters: A field manual for first responders. Pan American Health Organization 2006. Available from: https://www.icrc.org/en/doc/assets/files/other/icrc_002_0880.pdf
  • Sidler M, Jackowski C, Dirnhofer R, Vock P, Thali M. Use of multislice computed tomography in disaster victim identification - advantages and limitations. Forensic Sci Int 2007;169:118-28.
  • Peleg S, Kallevag RP, Dar G, Steinberg N, Masharawi Y, May H. New methods for sex estimation using sternum and rib morphology. Int J Legal Med 2020;134:1519-30.
  • Torwalt CRMM, Hoppa RD. A test of sex determination from measurements of chest radiographs. J Forensic Sci 2005;50:785-90.
  • Selthofer R, Nikolic V, Mrcela T. Morphometric analysis of the sternum. Coll Antropol 2006;30:43-7.
  • Jit I, Jhingan V, Kulkarni M. Sexing the human sternum. Am J Phys Anthropol 1980;53:217-24.
  • Franklin D, Flavel A, Kuliukas A, Cardini A, Marks MK, Oxnard C, O'Higgins P. Estimation of sex from sternal measurements in a Western Australian population. Forensic Sci Int 2012;217:230.e1-5.
  • Torimitsu S, Makino Y, Saitoh H. Estimation of sex in Japanese cadavers based on sternal measurements using multidetector computed tomography. LegMed (Tokyo) 2015;17:226-31.
  • Bongiovanni R, Spradley MK. Estimating sex of the human skeleton based on metrics of the sternum. Forensic Sci Int 2012;219:290.e1-7.
  • Gautam RS, Shah GV, Jadav HR, Gohil BJ. The human sternum – as an index of age & sex. Journal of the Anatomical Society of India 2003;52:22-3.
  • Ekizoglu O, Hocaoglu E, Inci E. Sex estimation from sternal measurements using multidetector computed tomography. Medicine (Baltimore) 2014;93:e240.
  • Macaluso PJ. The efficacy of sternal measurements for sex estimation in South African blacks. Forensic Sci Int 2010;202:111.e1-7.
  • Osunwoke EA, Gwunireama IU, Orish CN, Ordu KS, Ebowe I. A study of sexual dimorphism of the human sternum in the southern Nigerian population Journal of Applied Biosciences 2010;26:1636-39.
  • Ramadan SU, Türkmen M, Dolgun N. Sex determination from measurements of the sternum and fourth rib using multislice computed tomography of the chest. Forensic Sci Int 2010;15:120.e1-3.
  • Hunnargi SA, Menezes RG, Kanchan T. Sexual dimorphism of the human sternum in a Maharashtrian population of India: a morphometric analysis. Leg Med (Tokyo) 2008;10:6-10.
  • Manoharan C, Jeyasingh T, Dhanalakshmi V, Thangam D. Is Human Sternum a Tool for Determination of Sex. Indian Journal of Forensic and Community Medicine 2016;3:60-3.
  • Kirum GG, Munabi IG, Kukiriza J. Anatomical variations of the sternal angle and anomalies of adult human sterna from the Galloway osteological collection at Makerere University Anatomy Department. Folia Morphol 2017;76:689-94.
  • Standring S (ed). Gray's anatomy: The anatomical basis of clinical practice. 40th ed. London: Churchill Livingstone Elsevier; 2016. p.136
  • Babinski MA, de Lemos L, Babinski MSD, Goncalves MVT, De Paula RC, Fernandes RMP. Frequency of sternal foramen evaluated by MDCT: a minor variation of great relevance. Surg Radiol Anat 2015;37:287-91.
  • Singh J, Pathak RK. Sex and age related non-metric variation of the human sternum in a Northwest Indian postmortem sample: a pilot study. Forensic Sci Int 2013;228:181.e1-12.
  • Stark P. Midline sternal foramen: CT demonstration. J Comput Assist Tomogr 1985;9:489-90.
  • Moore MK, Stewart JH, McCormick WF. Anomalies of the human chest plate area. Radiographic findings in a large autopsy population. Am J Forensic Med Pathol 1988;9:348-354.
  • Wolochow M. Fatal cardiac tamponade through congenital sternal foramen. Lancet 1995;346:442.
  • Bhootra BL. Fatality following a sternal bone marrow aspiration procedure: a case report. Med Sci Law 2004;44:170-2.
  • Halvorsen TB, Anda SS, Naess AB, Levang OW. Fatal cardiac tamponade after acupuncture through congenital sternal foramen. Lancet 1995;345:1175.
  • Pascali VL, Lazzaro P, Fiori A. Is sternal bone-marrow needle-biopsy still a hazardous technique - report of 3 further fatal cases. Am J Foren Med Path 1987;8:42-44.
  • Pekcan M. Age and gender determination according to the degree of fusion of the sternum and segments with multislice CT imaging. Dissertation, Istanbul. Istanbul Medical Faculty Radiodiagnostics Department 2014;62-3. Available from: http://acikerisim.istanbul.edu.tr/bitstream/handle/123456789/24513/52780.pdf?sequence=1.
  • Garg A, Goyal N, Gorea R, Bharwa J. Radiological age estimation from manubrio-sternal joint in living population of punjab. Journal of Punjab Academy of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology 2011;11:69-71.
  • Kaneriya D, Umarvanshi B, Patil D, Mehta C, Chauhan K, Vora R. Age determination from fusion of the sternal elements. International Journal of Basic and Applied Medical Sciences 2013;3:22-9.
  • Chandrakanth HV, Kanchan T, Krishan K, Arun M, Pramod Kumar GN. Estimation of age from human sternum: an autopsy study on a sample from South India. Int J Legal Med 2012;126:863-8.

Evaluation of sternal morphology according to age and sex in multidedector computerized tomography

Year 2020, Volume: 14 Issue: 1, 29 - 38, 30.04.2020

Abstract

Objectives: The sternum is located in the middle of the anterior wall of the thoracic cage. It consists of three parts; manubrium, body (corpus) and xiphoid process. Since it is an easy bone to scan, it can be used for age and sex determination in forensic medicine. The aim of the study was to investigate the characteristics of the sternum according to age and gender.
Methods: This study was performed retrospectively on 700 CT images. 3D volume rendering images of sternum were created from the axial CT images at a 1 mm slice thickness.
Results: There were significant differences in sternum measurements according to age and sex. The xiphoid process was identified under three different types. Ossification between the manubrium and sternum body showed significant differences according to age and sex.
Conclusion: Data collected from a single bone is important for age and sex prediction especially in forensic medicine. These data taken from a large series may also contribute to evaluation of variations in sternal morphology.

References

  • Stark P, Jaramillo D. CT of the sternum. AJR Am J Roentgenol 1986;147:72-7.
  • Weaver AA, Schoell SL, Nguyen CM, Lynch SK, Stitzel JD. Morphometric analysis of variation in the sternum with sex and age. J Morphol 2014;275:1284-99.
  • Franklin D, O'Higgins P, Oxnard CE, Dadour I. Determination of sex in south african blacks by discriminant function analysis of mandibular linear dimensions : a preliminary investigation using the zulu local population. Forensic Sci Med Pathol 2006;2:263-8.
  • Akhlaghi M, Moradi B, Hajibeygi M. Sex determination using anthropometric dimensions of the clavicle in Iranian population. J Forensic Leg Med 2012;19:381-5.
  • Akhlaghi M, Sheikhazadi A, Ebrahimnia A, Hedayati M, Nazparvar B, Saberi Anary SH. The value of radius bone in prediction of sex and height in the Iranian population. J Forensic Leg Med May 2012;19:219-22.
  • Saraf A, Kanchan T, Krishan K, Ateriya N, Setia P. Estimation of stature from sternum - exploring the quadratic models. J Forensic Leg Med 2018;58:9-13.
  • Yekeler E, Tunaci M, Tunaci A, Dursun M, Acunas G. Frequency of sternal variations and anomalies evaluated by MDCT. AJR Am J Roentgenol 2006;186:956-60.
  • Bayarogullari H, Yengil E, Davran R, Aglagul E, Karazincir S, Balci A. Evaluation of the postnatal development of the sternum and sternal variations using multidetector CT. Diagn Interv Radiol 2014;20:82-9.
  • Akin K, Kosehan D, Topcu A, Koktener A. Anatomic evaluation of the xiphoid process with 64-row multidetector computed tomography. Skeletal Radiol 2011;40:447-52.
  • Gayzik FS, Yu MM, Danelson KA, Slice DE, Stitzel JD. Quantification of age-related shape change of the human rib cage through geometric morphometrics. J Biomech 2008;41:1545-54.
  • Oner Z, Turan MK, Oner S, Secgin Y, Sahin B. Sex estimation using sternum part lenghts by means of artificial neural networks. Forensic Sci Int 2019;301:6-11.
  • Scheuer L. Application of osteology to forensic medicine. Clin Anat 2002;15:297-312.
  • Morgan O, Tidball-Binz M, vanAlphen D (eds). Management of dead bodies after disasters: A field manual for first responders. Pan American Health Organization 2006. Available from: https://www.icrc.org/en/doc/assets/files/other/icrc_002_0880.pdf
  • Sidler M, Jackowski C, Dirnhofer R, Vock P, Thali M. Use of multislice computed tomography in disaster victim identification - advantages and limitations. Forensic Sci Int 2007;169:118-28.
  • Peleg S, Kallevag RP, Dar G, Steinberg N, Masharawi Y, May H. New methods for sex estimation using sternum and rib morphology. Int J Legal Med 2020;134:1519-30.
  • Torwalt CRMM, Hoppa RD. A test of sex determination from measurements of chest radiographs. J Forensic Sci 2005;50:785-90.
  • Selthofer R, Nikolic V, Mrcela T. Morphometric analysis of the sternum. Coll Antropol 2006;30:43-7.
  • Jit I, Jhingan V, Kulkarni M. Sexing the human sternum. Am J Phys Anthropol 1980;53:217-24.
  • Franklin D, Flavel A, Kuliukas A, Cardini A, Marks MK, Oxnard C, O'Higgins P. Estimation of sex from sternal measurements in a Western Australian population. Forensic Sci Int 2012;217:230.e1-5.
  • Torimitsu S, Makino Y, Saitoh H. Estimation of sex in Japanese cadavers based on sternal measurements using multidetector computed tomography. LegMed (Tokyo) 2015;17:226-31.
  • Bongiovanni R, Spradley MK. Estimating sex of the human skeleton based on metrics of the sternum. Forensic Sci Int 2012;219:290.e1-7.
  • Gautam RS, Shah GV, Jadav HR, Gohil BJ. The human sternum – as an index of age & sex. Journal of the Anatomical Society of India 2003;52:22-3.
  • Ekizoglu O, Hocaoglu E, Inci E. Sex estimation from sternal measurements using multidetector computed tomography. Medicine (Baltimore) 2014;93:e240.
  • Macaluso PJ. The efficacy of sternal measurements for sex estimation in South African blacks. Forensic Sci Int 2010;202:111.e1-7.
  • Osunwoke EA, Gwunireama IU, Orish CN, Ordu KS, Ebowe I. A study of sexual dimorphism of the human sternum in the southern Nigerian population Journal of Applied Biosciences 2010;26:1636-39.
  • Ramadan SU, Türkmen M, Dolgun N. Sex determination from measurements of the sternum and fourth rib using multislice computed tomography of the chest. Forensic Sci Int 2010;15:120.e1-3.
  • Hunnargi SA, Menezes RG, Kanchan T. Sexual dimorphism of the human sternum in a Maharashtrian population of India: a morphometric analysis. Leg Med (Tokyo) 2008;10:6-10.
  • Manoharan C, Jeyasingh T, Dhanalakshmi V, Thangam D. Is Human Sternum a Tool for Determination of Sex. Indian Journal of Forensic and Community Medicine 2016;3:60-3.
  • Kirum GG, Munabi IG, Kukiriza J. Anatomical variations of the sternal angle and anomalies of adult human sterna from the Galloway osteological collection at Makerere University Anatomy Department. Folia Morphol 2017;76:689-94.
  • Standring S (ed). Gray's anatomy: The anatomical basis of clinical practice. 40th ed. London: Churchill Livingstone Elsevier; 2016. p.136
  • Babinski MA, de Lemos L, Babinski MSD, Goncalves MVT, De Paula RC, Fernandes RMP. Frequency of sternal foramen evaluated by MDCT: a minor variation of great relevance. Surg Radiol Anat 2015;37:287-91.
  • Singh J, Pathak RK. Sex and age related non-metric variation of the human sternum in a Northwest Indian postmortem sample: a pilot study. Forensic Sci Int 2013;228:181.e1-12.
  • Stark P. Midline sternal foramen: CT demonstration. J Comput Assist Tomogr 1985;9:489-90.
  • Moore MK, Stewart JH, McCormick WF. Anomalies of the human chest plate area. Radiographic findings in a large autopsy population. Am J Forensic Med Pathol 1988;9:348-354.
  • Wolochow M. Fatal cardiac tamponade through congenital sternal foramen. Lancet 1995;346:442.
  • Bhootra BL. Fatality following a sternal bone marrow aspiration procedure: a case report. Med Sci Law 2004;44:170-2.
  • Halvorsen TB, Anda SS, Naess AB, Levang OW. Fatal cardiac tamponade after acupuncture through congenital sternal foramen. Lancet 1995;345:1175.
  • Pascali VL, Lazzaro P, Fiori A. Is sternal bone-marrow needle-biopsy still a hazardous technique - report of 3 further fatal cases. Am J Foren Med Path 1987;8:42-44.
  • Pekcan M. Age and gender determination according to the degree of fusion of the sternum and segments with multislice CT imaging. Dissertation, Istanbul. Istanbul Medical Faculty Radiodiagnostics Department 2014;62-3. Available from: http://acikerisim.istanbul.edu.tr/bitstream/handle/123456789/24513/52780.pdf?sequence=1.
  • Garg A, Goyal N, Gorea R, Bharwa J. Radiological age estimation from manubrio-sternal joint in living population of punjab. Journal of Punjab Academy of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology 2011;11:69-71.
  • Kaneriya D, Umarvanshi B, Patil D, Mehta C, Chauhan K, Vora R. Age determination from fusion of the sternal elements. International Journal of Basic and Applied Medical Sciences 2013;3:22-9.
  • Chandrakanth HV, Kanchan T, Krishan K, Arun M, Pramod Kumar GN. Estimation of age from human sternum: an autopsy study on a sample from South India. Int J Legal Med 2012;126:863-8.
There are 42 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Health Care Administration
Journal Section Original Articles
Authors

Güneş Bolatlı

Nadire Unver Dogan This is me 0000-0001-5696-5547

Mustafa Koplay 0000-0001-7513-4968

Zeliha Fazlıoğulları 0000-0002-5103-090X

Ahmet Kagan Karabulut This is me 0000-0002-9635-8829

Publication Date April 30, 2020
Published in Issue Year 2020 Volume: 14 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Bolatlı, G., Unver Dogan, N., Koplay, M., Fazlıoğulları, Z., et al. (2020). Evaluation of sternal morphology according to age and sex in multidedector computerized tomography. Anatomy, 14(1), 29-38.
AMA Bolatlı G, Unver Dogan N, Koplay M, Fazlıoğulları Z, Karabulut AK. Evaluation of sternal morphology according to age and sex in multidedector computerized tomography. Anatomy. April 2020;14(1):29-38.
Chicago Bolatlı, Güneş, Nadire Unver Dogan, Mustafa Koplay, Zeliha Fazlıoğulları, and Ahmet Kagan Karabulut. “Evaluation of Sternal Morphology According to Age and Sex in Multidedector Computerized Tomography”. Anatomy 14, no. 1 (April 2020): 29-38.
EndNote Bolatlı G, Unver Dogan N, Koplay M, Fazlıoğulları Z, Karabulut AK (April 1, 2020) Evaluation of sternal morphology according to age and sex in multidedector computerized tomography. Anatomy 14 1 29–38.
IEEE G. Bolatlı, N. Unver Dogan, M. Koplay, Z. Fazlıoğulları, and A. K. Karabulut, “Evaluation of sternal morphology according to age and sex in multidedector computerized tomography”, Anatomy, vol. 14, no. 1, pp. 29–38, 2020.
ISNAD Bolatlı, Güneş et al. “Evaluation of Sternal Morphology According to Age and Sex in Multidedector Computerized Tomography”. Anatomy 14/1 (April 2020), 29-38.
JAMA Bolatlı G, Unver Dogan N, Koplay M, Fazlıoğulları Z, Karabulut AK. Evaluation of sternal morphology according to age and sex in multidedector computerized tomography. Anatomy. 2020;14:29–38.
MLA Bolatlı, Güneş et al. “Evaluation of Sternal Morphology According to Age and Sex in Multidedector Computerized Tomography”. Anatomy, vol. 14, no. 1, 2020, pp. 29-38.
Vancouver Bolatlı G, Unver Dogan N, Koplay M, Fazlıoğulları Z, Karabulut AK. Evaluation of sternal morphology according to age and sex in multidedector computerized tomography. Anatomy. 2020;14(1):29-38.

Anatomy is the official journal of Turkish Society of Anatomy and Clinical Anatomy (TSACA).