Aşil Tendonu Neden Kopar?

Mustafa Canbolat; Deniz Şenol; Davut Özbağ

Aşil Tendonu Neden Kopar?

Year 2016, Volume: 5 Issue: 1, 53 - 57, 01.04.2016

Mustafa Canbolat Deniz Şenol Davut Özbağ

Abstract

Aşil tendonu vücudumuzdaki en güçlü tendondur. Aşil tendonu genellikle sportif aktivitelere bağlı yaralanmalar sonucu ayak ve ayak bileği bölgesinde en sık hasarlanan tendondur. Aşil tendon rüptürü genellikle orta yaş grubunda, masa başı çalışan erkeklerde sportif aktiviteler sırasında meydana gelir. Aşil tendon rüptürünün neden meydana geldiğine dair çeşitli hipotezler ortaya atılmıştır. Ancak kopma mekanizması tam olarak açıklanamamıştır. Muhtemelen pek çok faktörün biraraya gelmesiyle meydana gelen bir durumdur. Bu çalışmamızda tendon kopmasına yol açtığı ileri sürülen hipotezler topluca ele alınmıştır

Keywords

Aşil Tendonu, Rüptür, Dejenerasyon

References

1. Shampo MA, Kyle RA. Medical mythology. Mayo Clin. Proc 1992; 67: 651.
2. Schweitzer ME, Karasick D. MR Imaging of Disorders of the Achilles Tendon. AJR 2000; 175: 613-5.
3. Koivunen-Niemela T, Parkkola K. Anatomy of the Achilles tendon (tendo calcaneus) with respect to tendon thickness measurements. Surg Radiol Anat 1995; 17: 263–8.
4. Apaydın N, Ünlü S, Bozkurt M, Doral MN. Aşil tendonu’nun fonksiyonel anatomisi ve biyomekanik özellikleri. TOTBİD Dergisi 2011; 10(1): 61-8.
5. Maffuli N, Almekinders LC. The Achilles Tendon. London: Springer-Verlag; 2007. p. 36.
6. Levangie P, Norkin C. Joint structure and function: a comprehensive analysis. 5th Edition. New Delhi; Jaypee Brothers; 2011. Chapter 12, The Ankle and Foot Complex; p. 440-482.
7. Bailey A.J. Effect of an additional peptide extension of the N-terminus of collagen from the dermatosparactic calves on the cross-linking of the collagen fibres. European J. Biochem 1973; 34: 91-6.
8. Whittaker P, Canham PB. Demonstration of quantitative fabric analysis of tendon collagen using two-dimensional polarized light microscopy. Matrix 1991; 11: 56-62.
9. Cook J, Khan K, Purdam C. Achilles tendinopathy Manual Therapy, 2002; 7(3): 121– 30.
10. Maffulli N. Rupture of the Achilles tendon. J Bone Joint Surg Am 1999; 81: 1019–36.
11. Mow VC, Huiskes R. Basic Orthopaedic Biomechanics and Mechano-Biology. Philadelphia, Lippincott Williams and Wilkins 2005: 301-41.
12. Jozsa L, Kvist M, Balint BJ, Reffy A, Jarvinen M, Lehto M. The role of recreational sport activity in Achilles tendon rupture. A clinical, pathoanatomical and sociological study of 292 cases. Am. J. Sports Med 1989; 17: 338-43.
13. Azar FM. Travmatik bozukluklar, Campbell's Operative Orthopaedies 3. cilt 10. baskı. Hayat Tıp Kitapçılık, 2007: 2449-93.
14. Maffulli N, Kader D. Tendinopathy of tendo Achilles. J Bone Joint Surg Br 2002; 84: 1-8.
15. Maffulli N, Sharma P, Luscombe KL. Achilles tendinopathy: Aetiology and management. J R Soc Med 2004; 97(10): 472–6.
16. Cook JL, Khan KM, Harcourt PR. Patellar tendon ultrasonography in asymptomatic active athletes reveals hypoechoic regions: a study of 320 tendons. Clin J Sports Med 1998; 8: 73-7.
17. Magnusson SP, Qvortrup K, Larsen JO, Rosager S, Hanson P, Aagaard P, Krogsgaard M, Kjaer M. Collagen fibril size and crimp morphology in ruptured and intact Achilles tendons. Matrix Biol 2002; 21: 369–77.
18. Nehrer S, Breitenseher M, Brodner W, Kainberger F, Fellinger EJ, Engel A, Imhof A. Clinical and sonographic evaluation of the risk of rupture in the Achilles tendon. Arch. Orthop. Trauma Surg 1997; 116: 14-8.
19. Alfredson H, Pietilä T, Jonsson P, Lorentzon R. Heavy-load eccentric calf muscle training for the treatment of chronic Achilles tendinosis. Am J Sports Med 1998; 26: 360–6.
20. Kharate P, Larsen KC. Ultrasound evaluation of Achilles tendon thickness in asymptomatic’s: A reliability study. Int J Physiotheraphy Rehabil 2012; 2: 1-11.
21. Unal B, Bilgili MYK, Yılmaz S, Caglayan O, Kara S. Smoking prevents the expected postprandial increase in intestinal blood flow. J Ultrasound Med 2004; 23: 647-53.
22. Kane SM, Dave A, Haque A, Langston K. The incidence of rotator cuff disease in smoking and non-smoking patients: a cadaveric study. Orthopedics 2006; 29: 363-6.
23. Mallon WJ, Misamore G, Snead DS, Denton P. The impact of preoperative smoking habits on the results of rotator cuff repair. J Shoulder Elbow Surg 2004; 13: 129-32.
24.Jorgensen LN, Kallehave F, Christensen E, Siana JE, Gottrup F. Less collagen production in smokers. Surgery 1998; 123(4): 450-5.
25. Stenroth L, Peltonen J, Cronin NJ, Sipila S, Finni T. Age-related differences in Achilles tendon properties and triceps surae muscle architecture in vivo. J Appl Physiol 2012; 113: 1537-44.
26. Beason DP, Abboud JA, Kuntz AF, Bassora R, Soslowsky LJ. Cumulative effects of hypercholesterolemia on tendon biomechanics in a mous model. J Orthop Res 2011; 29: 380-3.
27. Haddow LJ, Sekhar MC, Hajela V, Rao GG. Spontaneous Achilles tendon rupture in patients treated with levofloxacin. J Antimicrob Chemother 2003; 51: 747-8.
28. Szarfman A, Chen M, Blum MD. More on fl uoroquinolone antibiotics and tendon rupture. New Eng J Med 1995; 332:193.
29. Reed CC, Iozzo RV. The role of decorin in collagen fibrillogenesis and skin homeostasis. Glycoconj J 2002; 19: 249–55.
30. Bernard-Beaubois K, Hecquet C, Hayem G, Rat P, Adolphe M. In vitro study of cytotoxicity of quinolones on rabbit tenocytes. Cell Biol Toxicol 1998; 14: 283–92.
31. Fisher P. Role of steroids in tendon rupture or disintegration known for decades. Arch Intern Med 2004; 164:678.
32. Newnham D, Douglas J, Legge J, Friend J. Achilles tendon rupture: An underrated complication of corticosteroid treatment. Thorax 1991; 46: 853–4.
33. Balasubramaniam P, Prathap K. The effect of injection of hydrocortisone into rabbit calcaneal tendons. J Bone Joint Surg Br 1972; 54(4): 729– 34.
34. DiStefano VJ, Nixon JE. Ruptures of the achilles tendon. J Sports Med 1973; 1(2): 34–7.
35. McMaster P.E. Tendon and muscle ruptures: Clinical and experimental studies on the causes and locations of subcutaneous ruptures. J Bone and Joint Surg 1933; 15: 705–22.
36. Mathiak G, Wening JV, Mathiak M, Neville LF, Jungbluth K. Serum cholesterol is elevated in patients with Achilles tendon ruptures. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg 1999; 119: 280-4.
37. Akgül E, Şire D. Bilateral aşil tendon ksantoması: ailesel hiperkolesterolemili bir hastada US ve MR bulguları. Tanısal ve Girişimsel Radyoloji 2002; 8: 97-100.
38. Kannus P, Jozsa L. Histopathological changes preceding spontaneous rupture of a tendon: A controlled study of 891 patients. J Bone Joint Surg 1991; 73-A: 1507–25.
39. Ahmed IM, Lagopoulos M, McConnell P, Soames RW, Sefton GK. Blood supply of the Achilles tendon. J Orthop Res 1998; 16: 591–6.
40. Lagergen C, Lindholm A; Vascular distribution in the Achilles tendon; an angiographic and microangiographic study; Acta Chir Scand, 1959; 116(5-6): 491-5.
41. Kader D, Saxena A, Movin T, Maffuli N. Achilles tendinopathy: some aspects of basic science and clinical management. Br J Sports Med 2002; 36(4): 239-49.
42. Knorzer E, Folkhard W, Geercken W, Boschert C, Koch MH, Hilbert B, Krahl H, Mosler E, Nemetschek-Gansler H, Nemetschek T. New aspects of the etiology of tendon rupture: An analysis of time-resolved dynamic-mechanical measurements using synchrotron radiation. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg 1986; 105(2): 113-20.
43. Ker RF. Dynamic tensile properties of the plantaris tendon of sheep (Ovis aries). J Exp Biol 1981; 93: 283–302.
44. Birch HL, Wilson AM, Goodship AE. The Effect of Exercise-Induced Localised Hyperthermia on Tendon Cell Survival. J Exper Biol 1997; 200(1): 1703-8.
45. Hall EJ. Radiobiology for the Radiologist, 3rd ed., 1988, pp. 294–329.
46. Wilson AM, Goodship AE. Exercise-induced hyperthermia as a possible mechanism for tendon degeneration. J Biomech 1994; 27(7): 899–905.
47. Kannus P. Etiology and pathophysiology of chronic ndon disorders in sports. Scand J Sports Med 1997; 7(2): 78–85.
48. Kvist M. Achilles tendon injuries in athletes. Ann Chir Gynaecol 1991; 80(2): 188–201.

Why The Achilles Tendon Ruptures?

Year 2016, Volume: 5 Issue: 1, 53 - 57, 01.04.2016

Mustafa Canbolat Deniz Şenol Davut Özbağ

Abstract

Achilles tendon is the most strongest tendon in the body. Achilles tendon is the most commonly injured tendon in the foot and ankle, with injuries commonly related to sports/athletic activities. Achilles tendon rupture usually occurs in middleaged men working in a white-collar profession during sports activities. Various hypotheses have been put forward as to why the Achilles tendon ruptures. But the etiology of tendon rupture remains unclear. The etiology of Achilles tendon rupture is likely to be multifactorial. In this study, it puts forward the hypothesis that lead to tendon rupture are discussed collectively

Keywords

Achilles Tendon, Rupture, Degeneration

References

1. Shampo MA, Kyle RA. Medical mythology. Mayo Clin. Proc 1992; 67: 651.
2. Schweitzer ME, Karasick D. MR Imaging of Disorders of the Achilles Tendon. AJR 2000; 175: 613-5.
3. Koivunen-Niemela T, Parkkola K. Anatomy of the Achilles tendon (tendo calcaneus) with respect to tendon thickness measurements. Surg Radiol Anat 1995; 17: 263–8.
4. Apaydın N, Ünlü S, Bozkurt M, Doral MN. Aşil tendonu’nun fonksiyonel anatomisi ve biyomekanik özellikleri. TOTBİD Dergisi 2011; 10(1): 61-8.
5. Maffuli N, Almekinders LC. The Achilles Tendon. London: Springer-Verlag; 2007. p. 36.
6. Levangie P, Norkin C. Joint structure and function: a comprehensive analysis. 5th Edition. New Delhi; Jaypee Brothers; 2011. Chapter 12, The Ankle and Foot Complex; p. 440-482.
7. Bailey A.J. Effect of an additional peptide extension of the N-terminus of collagen from the dermatosparactic calves on the cross-linking of the collagen fibres. European J. Biochem 1973; 34: 91-6.
8. Whittaker P, Canham PB. Demonstration of quantitative fabric analysis of tendon collagen using two-dimensional polarized light microscopy. Matrix 1991; 11: 56-62.
9. Cook J, Khan K, Purdam C. Achilles tendinopathy Manual Therapy, 2002; 7(3): 121– 30.
10. Maffulli N. Rupture of the Achilles tendon. J Bone Joint Surg Am 1999; 81: 1019–36.
11. Mow VC, Huiskes R. Basic Orthopaedic Biomechanics and Mechano-Biology. Philadelphia, Lippincott Williams and Wilkins 2005: 301-41.
12. Jozsa L, Kvist M, Balint BJ, Reffy A, Jarvinen M, Lehto M. The role of recreational sport activity in Achilles tendon rupture. A clinical, pathoanatomical and sociological study of 292 cases. Am. J. Sports Med 1989; 17: 338-43.
13. Azar FM. Travmatik bozukluklar, Campbell's Operative Orthopaedies 3. cilt 10. baskı. Hayat Tıp Kitapçılık, 2007: 2449-93.
14. Maffulli N, Kader D. Tendinopathy of tendo Achilles. J Bone Joint Surg Br 2002; 84: 1-8.
15. Maffulli N, Sharma P, Luscombe KL. Achilles tendinopathy: Aetiology and management. J R Soc Med 2004; 97(10): 472–6.
16. Cook JL, Khan KM, Harcourt PR. Patellar tendon ultrasonography in asymptomatic active athletes reveals hypoechoic regions: a study of 320 tendons. Clin J Sports Med 1998; 8: 73-7.
17. Magnusson SP, Qvortrup K, Larsen JO, Rosager S, Hanson P, Aagaard P, Krogsgaard M, Kjaer M. Collagen fibril size and crimp morphology in ruptured and intact Achilles tendons. Matrix Biol 2002; 21: 369–77.
18. Nehrer S, Breitenseher M, Brodner W, Kainberger F, Fellinger EJ, Engel A, Imhof A. Clinical and sonographic evaluation of the risk of rupture in the Achilles tendon. Arch. Orthop. Trauma Surg 1997; 116: 14-8.
19. Alfredson H, Pietilä T, Jonsson P, Lorentzon R. Heavy-load eccentric calf muscle training for the treatment of chronic Achilles tendinosis. Am J Sports Med 1998; 26: 360–6.
20. Kharate P, Larsen KC. Ultrasound evaluation of Achilles tendon thickness in asymptomatic’s: A reliability study. Int J Physiotheraphy Rehabil 2012; 2: 1-11.
21. Unal B, Bilgili MYK, Yılmaz S, Caglayan O, Kara S. Smoking prevents the expected postprandial increase in intestinal blood flow. J Ultrasound Med 2004; 23: 647-53.
22. Kane SM, Dave A, Haque A, Langston K. The incidence of rotator cuff disease in smoking and non-smoking patients: a cadaveric study. Orthopedics 2006; 29: 363-6.
23. Mallon WJ, Misamore G, Snead DS, Denton P. The impact of preoperative smoking habits on the results of rotator cuff repair. J Shoulder Elbow Surg 2004; 13: 129-32.
24.Jorgensen LN, Kallehave F, Christensen E, Siana JE, Gottrup F. Less collagen production in smokers. Surgery 1998; 123(4): 450-5.
25. Stenroth L, Peltonen J, Cronin NJ, Sipila S, Finni T. Age-related differences in Achilles tendon properties and triceps surae muscle architecture in vivo. J Appl Physiol 2012; 113: 1537-44.
26. Beason DP, Abboud JA, Kuntz AF, Bassora R, Soslowsky LJ. Cumulative effects of hypercholesterolemia on tendon biomechanics in a mous model. J Orthop Res 2011; 29: 380-3.
27. Haddow LJ, Sekhar MC, Hajela V, Rao GG. Spontaneous Achilles tendon rupture in patients treated with levofloxacin. J Antimicrob Chemother 2003; 51: 747-8.
28. Szarfman A, Chen M, Blum MD. More on fl uoroquinolone antibiotics and tendon rupture. New Eng J Med 1995; 332:193.
29. Reed CC, Iozzo RV. The role of decorin in collagen fibrillogenesis and skin homeostasis. Glycoconj J 2002; 19: 249–55.
30. Bernard-Beaubois K, Hecquet C, Hayem G, Rat P, Adolphe M. In vitro study of cytotoxicity of quinolones on rabbit tenocytes. Cell Biol Toxicol 1998; 14: 283–92.
31. Fisher P. Role of steroids in tendon rupture or disintegration known for decades. Arch Intern Med 2004; 164:678.
32. Newnham D, Douglas J, Legge J, Friend J. Achilles tendon rupture: An underrated complication of corticosteroid treatment. Thorax 1991; 46: 853–4.
33. Balasubramaniam P, Prathap K. The effect of injection of hydrocortisone into rabbit calcaneal tendons. J Bone Joint Surg Br 1972; 54(4): 729– 34.
34. DiStefano VJ, Nixon JE. Ruptures of the achilles tendon. J Sports Med 1973; 1(2): 34–7.
35. McMaster P.E. Tendon and muscle ruptures: Clinical and experimental studies on the causes and locations of subcutaneous ruptures. J Bone and Joint Surg 1933; 15: 705–22.
36. Mathiak G, Wening JV, Mathiak M, Neville LF, Jungbluth K. Serum cholesterol is elevated in patients with Achilles tendon ruptures. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg 1999; 119: 280-4.
37. Akgül E, Şire D. Bilateral aşil tendon ksantoması: ailesel hiperkolesterolemili bir hastada US ve MR bulguları. Tanısal ve Girişimsel Radyoloji 2002; 8: 97-100.
38. Kannus P, Jozsa L. Histopathological changes preceding spontaneous rupture of a tendon: A controlled study of 891 patients. J Bone Joint Surg 1991; 73-A: 1507–25.
39. Ahmed IM, Lagopoulos M, McConnell P, Soames RW, Sefton GK. Blood supply of the Achilles tendon. J Orthop Res 1998; 16: 591–6.
40. Lagergen C, Lindholm A; Vascular distribution in the Achilles tendon; an angiographic and microangiographic study; Acta Chir Scand, 1959; 116(5-6): 491-5.
41. Kader D, Saxena A, Movin T, Maffuli N. Achilles tendinopathy: some aspects of basic science and clinical management. Br J Sports Med 2002; 36(4): 239-49.
42. Knorzer E, Folkhard W, Geercken W, Boschert C, Koch MH, Hilbert B, Krahl H, Mosler E, Nemetschek-Gansler H, Nemetschek T. New aspects of the etiology of tendon rupture: An analysis of time-resolved dynamic-mechanical measurements using synchrotron radiation. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg 1986; 105(2): 113-20.
43. Ker RF. Dynamic tensile properties of the plantaris tendon of sheep (Ovis aries). J Exp Biol 1981; 93: 283–302.
44. Birch HL, Wilson AM, Goodship AE. The Effect of Exercise-Induced Localised Hyperthermia on Tendon Cell Survival. J Exper Biol 1997; 200(1): 1703-8.
45. Hall EJ. Radiobiology for the Radiologist, 3rd ed., 1988, pp. 294–329.
46. Wilson AM, Goodship AE. Exercise-induced hyperthermia as a possible mechanism for tendon degeneration. J Biomech 1994; 27(7): 899–905.
47. Kannus P. Etiology and pathophysiology of chronic ndon disorders in sports. Scand J Sports Med 1997; 7(2): 78–85.
48. Kvist M. Achilles tendon injuries in athletes. Ann Chir Gynaecol 1991; 80(2): 188–201.

There are 48 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language	Turkish
Journal Section	Collection
Authors	Mustafa Canbolat This is me Deniz Şenol This is me Davut Özbağ This is me
Publication Date	April 1, 2016
Published in Issue	Year 2016 Volume: 5 Issue: 1

Cite

APA	Canbolat, M., Şenol, D., & Özbağ, D. (2016). Aşil Tendonu Neden Kopar?. Annals of Health Sciences Research, 5(1), 53-57.
AMA	Canbolat M, Şenol D, Özbağ D. Aşil Tendonu Neden Kopar?. Ann Health Sci Res. April 2016;5(1):53-57.
Chicago	Canbolat, Mustafa, Deniz Şenol, and Davut Özbağ. “Aşil Tendonu Neden Kopar?”. Annals of Health Sciences Research 5, no. 1 (April 2016): 53-57.
EndNote	Canbolat M, Şenol D, Özbağ D (April 1, 2016) Aşil Tendonu Neden Kopar?. Annals of Health Sciences Research 5 1 53–57.
IEEE	M. Canbolat, D. Şenol, and D. Özbağ, “Aşil Tendonu Neden Kopar?”, Ann Health Sci Res, vol. 5, no. 1, pp. 53–57, 2016.
ISNAD	Canbolat, Mustafa et al. “Aşil Tendonu Neden Kopar?”. Annals of Health Sciences Research 5/1 (April 2016), 53-57.
JAMA	Canbolat M, Şenol D, Özbağ D. Aşil Tendonu Neden Kopar?. Ann Health Sci Res. 2016;5:53–57.
MLA	Canbolat, Mustafa et al. “Aşil Tendonu Neden Kopar?”. Annals of Health Sciences Research, vol. 5, no. 1, 2016, pp. 53-57.
Vancouver	Canbolat M, Şenol D, Özbağ D. Aşil Tendonu Neden Kopar?. Ann Health Sci Res. 2016;5(1):53-7.

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